The algorithm for this class and transliteration tables are taken from Drupal module Transliteration: https://drupal.org/project/transliteration
Class depends on file bit.lua from LuaBit library (http://luaforge.net/projects/bit/). Bit.lua included to this repository.
t = Transliterator:new('data') -- 'data' is a path to directory with replacement tables
print(t:transliteration_get('Тест стринг'))