YJIT: Propagate Array, Hash, and String classes

[k0kubun]

This PR allows YJIT to upgrade types in Context to Array, Hash, and String even if the object is not frozen. YJIT can now skip class checks when it's already known.

Because RBASIC_CLASS of an object can change when the object gets a singleton class (or calls IO#reopen), blocks skipping a class guard will be invalidated when any object of the class gets a singleton class, disabling the optimization for the class going forward.

This PR seems to impact the following benchmarks:

before: ruby 3.4.0dev (2024-03-21T18:14:25Z master 75d9019e6f) +YJIT [x86_64-linux]
after: ruby 3.4.0dev (2024-03-21T21:26:30Z yjit-singleton 982653a4fe) +YJIT [x86_64-linux]

------------  -----------  ----------  ----------  ----------  -------------  ------------
bench         before (ms)  stddev (%)  after (ms)  stddev (%)  after 1st itr  before/after
activerecord  46.4         0.7         45.1        0.7         1.00           1.03
lobsters      980.6        1.3         971.3       1.5         0.99           1.01
railsbench    2318.6       0.8         2289.7      0.8         1.01           1.01
rubocop       128.3        4.3         125.7       4.5         1.03           1.02
ruby-lsp      119.8        7.4         114.0       0.9         0.95           1.05
protoboeuf    44.0         6.0         42.5        6.5         1.04           1.04
------------  -----------  ----------  ----------  ----------  -------------  ------------

[XrXr]

Nice. It looks like once we see a singleton class, we insert guards like usual as a fallback. So everything is covered.

[maximecb]

Nice descriptive function name :)

[maximecb]

Nicely done. Clean PR 👍 Great performance results 👌