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pge2google.py
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pge2google.py
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#!/usr/bin/python2.6
# pgeToGoogleFormat.py
# Reads and transmit PG&E SmartMeter CSV data to Google PowerMeter.
# http://gitorious.org/pge-to-google-powermeter/
#
# Copyright (C) 2010 Andrew Potter
#
# This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
# the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
# (at your option) any later version.
#
# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
# GNU General Public License for more details.
#
# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
# along with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
#
#
# Reads hourly-usage data from PG&E-provided .CSV files and uploads to
# Google PowerMeter using their Python API. The user of this script
# must:
#
# 1) Download the Python API files from
# http://code.google.com/p/google-powermeter-api-client/downloads/list
# This script must be run from the same directory as google_meter.py
#
# 2) Follow the instructions at
# http://code.google.com/apis/powermeter/docs/powermeter_device_activation.html
# to get a "token" and "variable." Be sure to create a *Durational*
# variable (e.g. dvars=1). Note that on the final confirmation screen
# Google gives a "path" variable. The input to this script must be the variable.
# For example, Google says your path is "/user/1234/5678/variable/abcde"
# The variable is then "/user/1234/5678/variable/abcde.d1"
#
# 2b) (Optional) Set up a config file in ~/.local/pge2google/config
# If you do, you don't need to provide --token and --variable
#
# 3) Download your data files from PG&E. Matt Colyer has a ruby script for this
# at http://github.com/mcolyer/smartermeter
#
# 4) Call this script:
# python pge2google.py --token TOKEN --variable VAR Data1.csv data2.csv [...]
#
# Features: Directly uploads to Google PowerMeter.
# Handles Daylight Savings transitions correctly as of 2010.
#
#
# Bugs / Assumptions:
#
# A1) Assumes times given are all in Pacific time. Which is how the
# files I've downloaded from PG&E are specified. Unfortunately the
# header data does not specify the time zone, so we have to make this
# assumption.
#
# A2) Expects only hourly data. If PG&E ever offers higher resolution,
# two things must happen:
# 1) in parseHeaders(), don't abort if the title isn't 'Hourly Usage'
# 2) processDSTDay() has to be modified to handle whatever the new format is.
#
# Basically, other than handling DST transitions everything should
# be ready to go as long as the time header is the same.
#
# B2) I do a lot of Error/Warning/Info printfs, but I should probably use the
# Log class.
#
import os
import sys
import csv
import time as sleeptime
from datetime import tzinfo, timedelta, datetime, date, time
from optparse import OptionParser
import google_meter
import units
import rfc3339
import ConfigParser as cp
programVersion = '0.9'
programName = 'pge2google'
config_filename = 'config'
def parseArguments():
op = OptionParser('%prog [--token <token>] [--variable <variable>] Filename.csv [File2.csv [...]]\n\n' + '''
arguments:
Filename.csv The Hourly usage CSV datafile from PG&E (required)''', version="%s %s" % (programName, programVersion))
op.add_option('', '--token', metavar='<token>',
help='Google PowerMeter OAUTH Token'
' (default: None)')
op.add_option('', '--variable', metavar='<variable>',
help='Google PowerMeter Variable'
' (default: None)')
op.add_option('', '--service', metavar='<URI>',
help='URI prefix of the GData service to contact '
'(default: https://www.google.com/powermeter/feeds)')
op.add_option('-f','--configFile', metavar='<configFile>', help="Path and filename of configuration file (default: ~/.local/%s/config)" % programName)
op.add_option('-d','--debug', dest="isDebug", action="store_true", help="Disable upload to Google (default: false)", default=False)
op.set_defaults(service='https://www.google.com/powermeter/feeds',
unit='kW h', uncertainty=0.001, time_uncertainty=1)
# Parse and validate the command-line options.
options, args = op.parse_args()
# Check for config file, setup default otherwise
if options.configFile == None:
home = os.getenv('HOME')
config_home = os.getenv('XDG_CONFIG_HOME',"%s/.local/" % home)
config_dir = "%s%s" % (config_home,programName)
filepath = "%s/%s" % (config_dir, config_filename)
if os.path.exists(config_home):
if os.path.exists(config_dir):
if os.path.exists(filepath):
options.configFile = filepath
else:
if not os.path.exists(options.configFile):
if os.path.exists(os.getcwd() + options.configFile):
options.configFile = os.getcwd() + options.configFile
else:
sys.stderr.write("Error: Can not find config file '%s'\n" % options.configFile)
exit(2)
if options.token == None:
if checkConfigfile(options.configFile,'token'):
options.token = getConfigfile(options.configFile,'token')
else:
sys.stderr.write('Error: Missing Google Power Meter OAuth token. \nToken must be supplied via --token or in the config file.\n')
op.exit(2, op.format_help())
if options.variable == None:
if checkConfigfile(options.configFile,'variable'):
options.variable = getConfigfile(options.configFile,'variable')
else:
sys.stderr.write('Error: Missing Google Power Meter variable.\nVariable must be supplied via --variable or in the config file.\n')
op.exit(2,op.format_help())
if len(args) < 1:
sys.stderr.write('Error: No input file specified.\n')
op.exit(2, op.format_help())
return (args, options)
def checkConfigfile(filename,var):
with open(filename) as f:
parser = cp.SafeConfigParser()
try:
parser.readfp(f)
hasVar = parser.has_option('main',var)
return hasVar
except cp.MissingSectionHeaderError:
sys.stderr.write("Error: Config file seems to be invalid (Missing Section 'main')\n")
exit(1)
return False
def getConfigfile(filename,var):
with open(filename) as f:
parser = cp.SafeConfigParser()
parser.readfp(f)
return parser.get('main',var)
return None
ZERO = timedelta(0)
HOUR = timedelta(hours=1)
DAY = timedelta(days=1)
def first_sunday_on_or_after(dt):
days_to_go = 6 - dt.weekday()
if days_to_go:
dt += timedelta(days_to_go)
return dt
# US DST Rules
#
# This is a simplified (i.e., wrong for a few cases) set of rules for US
# DST start and end times. For a complete and up-to-date set of DST rules
# and timezone definitions, visit the Olson Database (or try pytz):
# http://www.twinsun.com/tz/tz-link.htm
# http://sourceforge.net/projects/pytz/ (might not be up-to-date)
#
# In the US, since 2007, DST starts at 2am (standard time) on the second
# Sunday in March, which is the first Sunday on or after Mar 8.
DSTSTART_2007 = datetime(1, 3, 8, 2)
# and ends at 2am (DST time; 1am standard time) on the first Sunday of Nov.
DSTEND_2007 = datetime(1, 11, 1, 1)
# From 1987 to 2006, DST used to start at 2am (standard time) on the first
# Sunday in April and to end at 2am (DST time; 1am standard time) on the last
# Sunday of October, which is the first Sunday on or after Oct 25.
DSTSTART_1987_2006 = datetime(1, 4, 1, 2)
DSTEND_1987_2006 = datetime(1, 10, 25, 1)
# From 1967 to 1986, DST used to start at 2am (standard time) on the last
# Sunday in April (the one on or after April 24) and to end at 2am (DST time;
# 1am standard time) on the last Sunday of October, which is the first Sunday
# on or after Oct 25.
DSTSTART_1967_1986 = datetime(1, 4, 24, 2)
DSTEND_1967_1986 = DSTEND_1987_2006
class USTimeZone(tzinfo):
def __init__(self, hours, reprname, stdname, dstname):
self.stdoffset = timedelta(hours=hours)
self.reprname = reprname
self.stdname = stdname
self.dstname = dstname
def __repr__(self):
return self.reprname
def tzname(self, dt):
if self.dst(dt):
return self.dstname
else:
return self.stdname
def utcoffset(self, dt):
return self.stdoffset + self.dst(dt)
def dst(self, dt):
if dt is None or dt.tzinfo is None:
# An exception may be sensible here, in one or both cases.
# It depends on how you want to treat them. The default
# fromutc() implementation (called by the default astimezone()
# implementation) passes a datetime with dt.tzinfo is self.
return ZERO
assert dt.tzinfo is self
# Find start and end times for US DST. For years before 1967, return
# ZERO for no DST.
if 2006 < dt.year:
dststart, dstend = DSTSTART_2007, DSTEND_2007
elif 1986 < dt.year < 2007:
dststart, dstend = DSTSTART_1987_2006, DSTEND_1987_2006
elif 1966 < dt.year < 1987:
dststart, dstend = DSTSTART_1967_1986, DSTEND_1967_1986
else:
return ZERO
start = first_sunday_on_or_after(dststart.replace(year=dt.year))
end = first_sunday_on_or_after(dstend.replace(year=dt.year))
# Can't compare naive to aware objects, so strip the timezone from
# dt first.
if start <= dt.replace(tzinfo=None) < end:
return HOUR
else:
return ZERO
class ZuluTimeZone(tzinfo):
def __init__(self, hours, reprname, stdname, dstname):
self.stdoffset = timedelta(hours=hours)
self.reprname = reprname
self.stdname = stdname
self.dstname = dstname
def __repr__(self):
return self.reprname
def tzname(self, dt):
if self.dst(dt):
return self.dstname
else:
return self.stdname
def utcoffset(self, dt):
return ZERO
def dst(self, dt):
return ZERO
Zulu = ZuluTimeZone(0, "Zulu", "Z", "Z")
Eastern = USTimeZone(-5, "Eastern", "EST", "EDT")
Central = USTimeZone(-6, "Central", "CST", "CDT")
Mountain = USTimeZone(-7, "Mountain", "MST", "MDT")
Pacific = USTimeZone(-8, "Pacific", "PST", "PDT")
def parseHeader(row, headers):
if (len(row) == 2):
headers[row[0]] = row[1]
if row[0] == 'Title':
if row[1] != 'Hourly Usage':
print 'Error: Input file is not "Hourly Usage"-type!'
exit(1)
elif row[0] == 'Primary Data Unit':
if row[1] != 'kWh' and row[1] != 'k Wh':
print 'Error: Primary Data Unit is ' + row[1]
print 'Error: The only supported unit is kWh!'
exit(1)
def handleMissingData(row, days):
"""Removes the day element from days that corresponds to the missing data."""
# Do nothing. PG&E will report that data is missing for a day even if it is missing
# only 1 hour of data -- such as on 3/14 (DST Spring).
#
# Rather than taking PG&E's hint, we should handle this in parseToReadings
def parseTimes(times):
# Parse the times
convTimes = list()
times.pop(0) # Get rid of the header
for timeElement in times:
(timeElement,ampm) = timeElement.split(' ')
colonCount = timeElement.count(':')
if colonCount == 1:
(hour,minute) = timeElement.split(':')
second = 0
else:
(hour,minute,second) = timeElement.split(':')
second = int(second)
hour = int(hour)
minute = int(minute)
if ampm == 'AM' and hour == 12:
convTimes.append(time(0,minute,second,tzinfo=Pacific))
else:
if ampm == 'AM' or hour == 12:
convTimes.append(time(hour,minute,second,tzinfo=Pacific))
else:
# We are PM, and not noon
convTimes.append(time(hour+12,minute,second,tzinfo=Pacific))
return convTimes
def parseDay(row):
# Grab the date from the first column
# and the measurements from the rest
datestr = row.pop(0)
dashcount = 0
readings = list()
for reading in row:
if reading != '-':
readings.append(float(reading))
else:
# TODO: We should simply ignore this data point.
# This requires changing the dataflow, so that 'times' is passed in here
# and the DurationalMeasurements are produced here rather than later.
readings.append(float(0))
dashcount += 1
if dashcount == 24:
readings = list()
print "Warning: Input file has no valid readings for %s." % datestr
# Parse the date
# Sometimes PG&E has double quotes, sometimes not.
# TODO: This may be redundant now that I use csvreader
(month,day,year) = datestr.split('/')
month = month.replace('"','')
year = year.replace('"','')
day = day.replace('"','')
d = date(int(year),int(month),int(day))
return Day(d, readings)
class Day:
"""Simple struct to hold a date and the electricity readings.
Members:
day (datetime.date)
readings (list(float))"""
def __init__(self, day, readings):
self.day = day
self.readings = readings
class DurationalMeasurement:
"""Struct to hold everything we need to know about a durational measurement.
Members:
dStart: (datetime.datetime)\tStart of the duration
dEnd: (datetime.datetime)\tEnd of the duration
energy: (float)\tAmount of energy used in the duration (kWh)
uncertainty: (float)\tUncertainty in energy"""
defaultUncertainty = 0.001
def __init__(self, dStart, dEnd, energy):
self.dStart = dStart
self.dEnd = dEnd
self.energy = energy
self.uncertainty = DurationalMeasurement.defaultUncertainty
def setUncertainty(self, uncertainty):
self.uncertainty = uncertainty
def isDSTBoundary(day):
dBefore = datetime(day.year,day.month,day.day,0,30,tzinfo=Pacific)
dAfter = datetime(day.year,day.month,day.day,3,30,tzinfo=Pacific)
if Pacific.dst(dAfter) == Pacific.dst(dBefore):
return (False, None)
else:
if dAfter.utcoffset() == timedelta(days=-1,hours=17):
isSpring = True
else:
isSpring = False
return (True, isSpring)
def processNormalDay(day, times):
measurements = list()
i = 0
for i in range(len(times)):
start = datetime.combine(day.day, times[i])
energy = day.readings[i]
if i != len(times) - 1:
end = datetime.combine(day.day, times[i+1])
else:
end = datetime.combine(day.day, times[0]) + DAY
measurements.append(DurationalMeasurement(start,end,energy))
return measurements
def processDSTDay(day, times, isSpring):
measurements = list()
# TODO: This has to change if postings not hourly
if len(times) != 24:
sys.stderr.write("Error: DST transition on %s, but data is not strictly hourly.\n" % day)
sys.stderr.write('\tPlease make a patch and/or alert the project at:\n\thttp://gitorious.org/pge-to-google-powermeter/pages/Home\n')
sys.stderr.write('\tProcessing of other files will continue if possible.')
print len(times)
return measurements
# End TODO
if (isSpring):
# We are springing ahead, 2 AM becomes 3 AM.
# In PG&E's file, they have a '-' for 2 AM
for i in range(len(times)):
start = datetime.combine(day.day, times[i])
energy = day.readings[i]
if i == 1:
end = datetime.combine(day.day, times[i+2])
elif i == 2: #TODO: This has to change if postings not hourly
# Do nothing
print 'Info: Springing ahead 1 hour.'
continue
elif i == (len(times) - 1):
end = datetime.combine(day.day, times[0]) + DAY
else:
end = datetime.combine(day.day, times[i+1])
measurements.append(DurationalMeasurement(start,end,energy))
else:
# We are Falling behind. 3 am becomes 2 AM.
# In PG&E's file, the 1 AM-2 AM slot has 2 hours worth of data
# So it is really 1 AM - 3 AM, in a DSTless world.
for i in range(len(times)):
start = datetime.combine(day.day, times[i])
energy = day.readings[i]
if i == 0:
end = datetime.combine(day.day, time(8,0,0,tzinfo=Zulu))
elif i == 1: #TODO: This has to change if postings not hourly
print 'Info: Falling behind 1 hour.'
start = datetime.combine(day.day, time(8,0,0,tzinfo=Zulu))
end = datetime.combine(day.day, time(10,0,0,tzinfo=Zulu))
elif i == (len(times)-1):
end = datetime.combine(day.day, times[0]) + DAY
else:
end = datetime.combine(day.day, times[i+1])
measurements.append(DurationalMeasurement(start,end,energy))
return measurements
def readfile(filename):
with open(filename, 'r') as f:
csvReader = csv.reader(f,delimiter=',',quotechar='"')
times = list()
days = list()
headers = dict()
for row in csvReader:
if len(row) > 0:
if row[0].count('/') == 0: # Test for date field, e.g. 3/14/2010
if not row[0].startswith('kWh'): # Time header's first field
parseHeader(row, headers)
else:
times = parseTimes(row)
else:
# Following two if statements weed out info from Daily reports.
if row[0].startswith('Cost') or row[0].startswith('per kWh'):
continue
if len(row) > 1:
if row[1].count('$') > 0:
continue
if not row[0].startswith('Missing data'):
days.append(parseDay(row))
else:
handleMissingData(row, days)
return (times, days)
def parseToReadings(times, days):
readings = list()
for day in days:
if len(day.readings) == len(times):
(isDST, isSpring) = isDSTBoundary(day.day)
if isDST:
for measurement in processDSTDay(day, times, isSpring):
readings.append(measurement)
else:
for measurement in processNormalDay(day,times):
readings.append(measurement)
elif len(day.readings) > 0:
print "Warning: There are %d energy readings but %d associated timeslots for day %s." % (len(readings),len(times),day.day.isoformat())
print '\tPlease upload your data file to the wiki (strip sensitive info!), and/or provide a patch to handle your input.'
return readings
if __name__ == '__main__':
(filenames, options) = parseArguments()
token = options.token
variable = options.variable
readings = list()
for filename in filenames:
(times, days) = readfile(filename)
if len(times) <= 0:
sys.stderr.write('Error: Read input file, but never read the time header.\n')
sys.stderr.write("Ignoring file '%s'\n" % filename)
continue
if len(days) <= 0:
sys.stderr.write('Error: Read input file, but never parsed any electricity usage data.\n')
sys.stderr.write("Ignoring file '%s'\n" % filename)
continue
readings.extend(parseToReadings(times, days))
print "Info: Processed %d durational readings. Now attempting to upload to Google." % len(readings)
log = google_meter.Log(1)
service = google_meter.Service(token, options.service, log=log)
service = google_meter.BatchAdapter(service)
meter = google_meter.Meter(
service, variable, options.uncertainty * units.KILOWATT_HOUR,
options.time_uncertainty, True)
for i in range(len(readings)/1000 + 1):
if len(readings) > 1000:
for j in range(1000):
reading = readings.pop()
start = rfc3339.FromTimestamp(reading.dStart.isoformat())
end = rfc3339.FromTimestamp(reading.dEnd.isoformat())
meter.PostDur(start,end,reading.energy * units.KILOWATT_HOUR,reading.uncertainty * units.KILOWATT_HOUR)
else:
for reading in readings:
start = rfc3339.FromTimestamp(reading.dStart.isoformat())
end = rfc3339.FromTimestamp(reading.dEnd.isoformat())
meter.PostDur(start,end,reading.energy * units.KILOWATT_HOUR,reading.uncertainty * units.KILOWATT_HOUR)
if not options.isDebug:
service.Flush()
break
if not options.isDebug:
service.Flush()
print "There remains %d measurements to upload." % len(readings)
for k in range(10):
print "Sleeping for %d minutes." % (10-k)
sleeptime.sleep(60)