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<h1 class="entry-title">[CSS3] 認識CSS3 Transitions</h1>
<p class="meta">
<time datetime="2012-10-20T23:24:00+08:00" pubdate data-updated="true">Oct 20<span>th</span>, 2012</time>
| <a href="#disqus_thread">Comments</a>
</p>
</header>
<div class="entry-content"><p>一直沒有找個時間好好的了解一下CSS3 transitions，趁著看到<a href="http://www.adobe.com/devnet/html5/articles/using-css3-transitions-a-comprehensive-guide.html" target="_blank">這篇</a>文章，就來筆記一下用法，扎實一下基本功</p>
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<p>CSS3 transitions可以改變css屬性的值，在某個期間內做出變化，類似<a href="http://api.jquery.com/animate/" target="_blank">jQuery.animate()</a>，語法結構如下</p>
<pre><code>.example {
transition-property: background-color;
transition-duration: 2s;
transition-timing-function: ease-in;
transition-delay: 1s;
}
</code></pre>
<p>這裡沒有特別加上prefixes，在真正使用的時候要自行加上，接著是分別講解每個屬性的用途</p>
<p><strong>transition-property:</strong> 指定你要變化的CSS屬性，至於哪些屬性是擁有transition效果可以查看<a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/css3-transitions/#animatable-properties" target="_blank">這張表</a></p>
<p><strong>transition-duration:</strong> 指定transition從開始到結束的變化時間，在數字後面加上s就是以秒計算，用ms就是微秒</p>
<p><strong>transition-timing-function:</strong> 根據時間的進行去改變屬性值的變化速率，也就是貝茲曲線，詳細的介紹可以參考<a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/css3-transitions/#transition-timing-function-property" target="_blank">這篇</a>，基本的有linear, ease-in, ease-out和ease-in-out這些值可以使用</p>
<p><strong>transition-delay:</strong> 可以指定秒或微秒來延遲transition觸發的時間</p>
<h3>Transition shorthand</h3>
<p>為了簡潔也可以這樣寫</p>
<pre><code>.example {
transition: background-color 2s ease-in 1s;
}
</code></pre>
<p>要特別注意的是，順序的重要性，另外第一個時間代表是<strong>transition-duration</strong>，第二個時間是<strong>transition-delay</strong>，如果你要定義<strong>transition-delay</strong>一定要先定義<strong>transition-duration</strong>才行</p>
<h3>Multiple transitions</h3>
<p>如果想在同個元素上定義複數個transitions，可以用下面寫法</p>
<pre><code>.example {
transition: background-color 2s ease-in 1s,
width 2s ease-in-out,
height 3s ease-out;
}
</code></pre>
<p>記得要用<strong>逗號</strong>隔開</p>
<h3>Triggering a transition</h3>
<p>但其實光寫上面那些語法並不能實現transitions，原因在於沒有<strong>觸發</strong>這個動作，所以我們可能要加些”動作”，例如比較常見的是<strong>:hover</strong></p>
<pre><code>.example {
background-color: green;
transition: background-color 2s ease-in 1s;
width:100px;
height:100px;
}
.example:hover {
background-color: blue
}
</code></pre>
<p><a href="http://jsfiddle.net/Pa5Uk/1/" target="_blank">範例</a></p>
<p>會看到如果將滑鼠移到div .example上面，會先等待一秒，接著再花兩秒的時間從綠色轉換成藍色</p>
<h3>Transitions triggered by JavaScript</h3>
<p>假如要搭配JavaScript呢？我們可以使用jQuery來示範一下</p>
<p>css</p>
<pre><code>.example {
background-color: green;
transition: background-color 2s ease-in 1s;
width:100px;
height:100px;
}
.style-change {
background-color: blue
}
</code></pre>
<p>html</p>
<pre><code><div id="a" class="example"></div>
</code></pre>
<p>js</p>
<pre><code>$("#a").click(function() {
$(".example").toggleClass("style-change");
});
</code></pre>
<p><a href="http://jsfiddle.net/Rnebd/" target="_blank">範例</a></p>
<p>這樣就可以搭配著js來使用transition的效果</p>
<h3>Transition tricks and techniques</h3>
<p>有了前面的一些基本用法以外，接下來介紹的是一些小技巧，前面的<strong>:hover</strong>例子不管是從綠色切換成藍色，還是藍色切換回綠色，都是同樣的效果和速度，但其實可以針對這兩者去做變化，例如</p>
<pre><code>.example {
background-color: green;
transition: background-color 1s ease-out;
width:100px;
height:100px;
}
.example:hover {
background-color: blue;
transition: background-color 5s linear;
}
</code></pre>
<p>這段意思是從綠色到藍色要花一秒的時間，但從藍色變回綠色要花五秒，就可以做出比較不一樣的效果</p>
<pre><code>.example {
width: 100px;
height: 100px;
background-color: blue;
transition: width 0s ease-out 999999s,
height 0s ease-out 999999s; }
.example:active {
width: 200px;
height: 200px;
transition: width 2s,
height 2s;
}
</code></pre>
<p>當然也可以把transition-delay設為999999s，這樣就可以將效果一直保存</p>
<p>只是我目前還不知道這樣的保存可以用來做啥就是了…</p>
<p>參考資料:</p>
<p><a href="http://www.adobe.com/devnet/html5/articles/using-css3-transitions-a-comprehensive-guide.html" target="_blank">Using CSS3 transitions: A comprehensive guide</a></p>
<p><a href="http://www.w3cplus.com/content/css3-transition" target="_blank">CSS3 Transition</a></p>
<p>內容如有錯誤，歡迎指正</p>
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<time datetime="2012-10-20T23:24:00+08:00" pubdate data-updated="true">Oct 20<span>th</span>, 2012</time>
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