earlytalker

#!perl -w

=head1 NAME

earlytalker - Check that the client doesn't talk before we send the SMTP banner

=head1 DESCRIPTION

Checks to see if the remote host starts talking before we've issued a 2xx
greeting.  If so, we're likely looking at a direct-to-MX spam agent which
pipelines its entire SMTP conversation, and will happily dump an entire spam
into our mail log even if later tests deny acceptance.

Depending on configuration, clients which behave in this way are either
immediately disconnected with a deny or denysoft code, or else are issued this
on all mail/rcpt commands in the transaction.

=head1 CONFIGURATION

=head2 wait [integer]

The number of seconds to delay the initial greeting to see if the connecting
host speaks first.  The default is 1.  Do not select a value that is too high,
or you may be unable to receive mail from MTAs with short SMTP connect or
greeting timeouts -- these are known to range as low as 30 seconds, and may
in some cases be configured lower by mailserver admins.  Network transit time
must also be allowed for.

=head3 overriding wait

Other plugins can set specify a per-connection delay by setting
connection->notes->('relayclient_wait'). This is ideally used in conjunction with
a reputation database.

=head2 reject <boolean>

Do we reject/deny connections to early talkers?

  earlytalker reject [ 0 | 1 ]

Default: I<reject 1>

=head2 reject_type [ temp | perm ]

What type of rejection to send. A temporary rejection tells the remote server to try again later. A permanent error tells it to give up permanently.

Default I<reject_type temp>.

=head2 defer-reject [boolean]

When an early-talker is detected, if this option is set to a true value, the
SMTP greeting will be issued as usual, but all RCPT/MAIL commands will be
issued a deny or denysoft (depending on the value of I<reject_type>). The default
is to react at the SMTP greeting stage by issuing the apropriate response code
and terminating the SMTP connection.

  earlytalker defer-reject [ 0 | 1 ]

=head2 check-at [ CONNECT | DATA ]

Specifies when to check for early talkers. You can specify this option
multiple times to check more than once.

The default is I<check-at CONNECT> only.

=head2 loglevel

Adjust the quantity of logging for this plugin. See docs/logging.pod

=cut

use strict;
use warnings;

use IO::Select;
use Qpsmtpd::Constants;

sub register {
    my ($self, $qp, @args) = @_;

    if (@args % 2) {
        $self->log(LOGERROR, "Unrecognized/mismatched arguments");
        return;
    }
    my %check_at;
    for (0 .. $#args) {
        next if $_ % 2;
        if (lc($args[$_]) eq 'check-at') {
            my $val = $args[$_ + 1];
            $check_at{uc($val)}++;
        }
    }
    if (!%check_at) {
        $check_at{CONNECT} = 1;
    }
    $self->{_args} = {
                      wait => 1,
                      @args,
                      'check-at' => \%check_at,
                     };

    # backwards compat with old 'action' argument
    if (defined $self->{_args}{action} && !defined $self->{_args}{reject}) {
        $self->{_args}{reject} = $self->{_args}{action} =~ /^deny/i ? 1 : 0;
    }
    if (defined $self->{_args}{'defer-reject'}
        && !defined $self->{_args}{reject_type})
    {
        $self->{_args}{reject_type} =
          $self->{_args}{action} == 'denysoft' ? 'temp' : 'perm';
    }
    if (!defined $self->{_args}{reject_type}) {
        $self->{_args}{reject_type} = 'perm';
    }
    # /end compat

    if ($qp->{conn} && $qp->{conn}->isa('Apache2::Connection')) {
        require APR::Const;
        APR::Const->import(qw(POLLIN SUCCESS));
        $self->register_hook('connect', 'apr_connect_handler');
        $self->register_hook('data',    'apr_data_handler');
    }
    else {
        $self->register_hook('connect', 'connect_handler');
        $self->register_hook('data',    'data_handler');
    }
    if ($self->{_args}{'defer-reject'}) {
        $self->register_hook('mail', 'mail_handler')
    };
    if (!defined $self->{_args}{reject}) {
        $self->{_args}{reject} = 1;
    };
}

sub wait_length {
    my ($self) = @_;
    if ($self->connection->notes('earlytalker_wait')) {
        return $self->connection->notes('earlytalker_wait');
    }
    return $self->{_args}{wait};
}

sub apr_connect_handler {
    my ($self, $transaction) = @_;

    return DECLINED unless $self->{_args}{'check-at'}{CONNECT};
    return DECLINED if $self->is_immune();

    my $c      = $self->qp->{conn} or return DECLINED;
    my $socket = $c->client_socket or return DECLINED;
    my $timeout = $self->wait_length() * 1_000_000;

    my $rc = $socket->poll($c->pool, $timeout, APR::Const::POLLIN());
    if ($rc == APR::Const::SUCCESS()) {
        if ($self->{_args}{'defer-reject'}) {
            $self->connection->notes('earlytalker', 1);
            return DECLINED;
        }
        return $self->log_and_deny();
    }
    return $self->log_and_pass();
}

sub apr_data_handler {
    my ($self, $transaction) = @_;

    return DECLINED unless $self->{_args}{'check-at'}{DATA};
    return DECLINED if $self->is_immune();

    my $c      = $self->qp->{conn} or return DECLINED;
    my $socket = $c->client_socket or return DECLINED;
    my $timeout = $self->wait_length() * 1_000_000;

    my $rc = $socket->poll($c->pool, $timeout, APR::Const::POLLIN());
    if ($rc == APR::Const::SUCCESS()) {
        return $self->log_and_deny();
    }
    return $self->log_and_pass();
}

sub connect_handler {
    my ($self, $transaction) = @_;

    return DECLINED unless $self->{_args}{'check-at'}{CONNECT};
    return DECLINED if $self->is_immune();

    # senders with good karma skip the delay
    my $karma = $self->connection->notes('karma_history');
    if (defined $karma && $karma > 5) {
        $self->log(LOGINFO, "skip, karma $karma");
        return DECLINED;
    }

    my $in = new IO::Select;
    $in->add(\*STDIN) or return DECLINED;
    if (!$in->can_read($self->wait_length())) {
        return $self->log_and_pass();
    }

    if (!$self->{_args}{'defer-reject'}) {
        return $self->log_and_deny();
    }

    $self->connection->notes('earlytalker', 1);
    $self->adjust_karma(-1);
    return DECLINED;
}

sub data_handler {
    my ($self, $transaction) = @_;
    my $in = new IO::Select;

    return DECLINED unless $self->{_args}{'check-at'}{DATA};
    return DECLINED if $self->is_immune();

    $in->add(\*STDIN) or return DECLINED;
    if (!$in->can_read($self->wait_length())) {
        return $self->log_and_pass();
    }

    return $self->log_and_deny();
}

sub log_and_pass {
    my $self = shift;
    $self->log(LOGINFO, "pass, not spontaneous");
    return DECLINED;
}

sub log_and_deny {
    my $self = shift;

    $self->connection->notes('earlytalker', 1);
    $self->adjust_karma(-1);

    my $log_mess = "remote started talking before we said hello";
    my $smtp_msg = 'Connecting host started transmitting before SMTP greeting';

    return $self->get_reject($smtp_msg, $log_mess);
}

sub mail_handler {
    my ($self, $transaction) = @_;

    return DECLINED unless $self->connection->notes('earlytalker');
    return $self->log_and_deny();
}