Determine schedule type based on surrounding storage types

[tbennun]

This is a lighter version of #1241 without the entire SDFG device revamp. This PR fixes #1185 by inferring schedule types of maps based on the surrounding storage types (skipping scalar values). As opposed to #1241, this PR does not remove the GPU_Default schedule.

Comment for changelog @phschaad:

The schedule type of a scope (e.g., a Map) is now also determined by the surrounding storage. If the surrounding storage is ambiguous, dace will fail with a nice exception. This means that codes such as the one below:

@dace.program
def add(a: dace.float32[10, 10] @ dace.StorageType.GPU_Global, 
        b: dace.float32[10, 10] @ dace.StorageType.GPU_Global):
    return a + b @ b

will now automatically run the + and @ operators on the GPU.

[phschaad]

This looks good to me.