Extend IRGenerator

.run/spice.run.xml

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 <component name="ProjectRunConfigurationManager">
-  <configuration default="false" name="spice" type="CMakeRunConfiguration" factoryName="Application" PROGRAM_PARAMS="run -d -j 1 -O2 ../../media/test-project/os-test.spice" REDIRECT_INPUT="false" ELEVATE="false" USE_EXTERNAL_CONSOLE="false" PASS_PARENT_ENVS_2="true" PROJECT_NAME="Spice" TARGET_NAME="spice" CONFIG_NAME="Debug" RUN_TARGET_PROJECT_NAME="Spice" RUN_TARGET_NAME="spice">
+  <configuration default="false" name="spice" type="CMakeRunConfiguration" factoryName="Application" PROGRAM_PARAMS="run -d -j 1 -O2 -ir ../../media/test-project/os-test.spice" REDIRECT_INPUT="false" ELEVATE="false" USE_EXTERNAL_CONSOLE="false" PASS_PARENT_ENVS_2="true" PROJECT_NAME="Spice" TARGET_NAME="spice" CONFIG_NAME="Debug" RUN_TARGET_PROJECT_NAME="Spice" RUN_TARGET_NAME="spice">
     <envs>
       <env name="CONSOLE_WIDTH" value="300" />
       <env name="RUN_TESTS" value="OFF" />

docs/docs/language/object-orientation.md

@@ -0,0 +1,104 @@
+---
+title: Object-oriented programming
+---
+
+Spice supports object-oriented programming in the form of composition. That means that types can be composed via
+structs, interfaces and methods.
+
+## Example scenario
+
+You need to model three different kinds of objects: humans, cars and parrots. Therefore, you create three structs with
+the respective names:
+
+```spice
+type Human struct {
+    string firstName
+    string lastName
+    unsigned int age
+}
+
+type Car struct {
+    string brand
+    string model
+    unsigned int seats
+}
+
+type Parrot struct {
+    string name
+    unsigned int age
+}
+```
+
+Now, as you have a speaking parrot, you want to give the parrot and the human the ability to speak. In addition to that,
+all three objects can make sounds. The recommended way of doing this, is to use interfaces like this:
+
+```spice
+type Speak interface {
+    p sayHello(string);
+}
+
+type MakeSound interface {
+    p makeSound();
+}
+
+type Human struct : MakeSound, Speak {
+    string firstName
+    string lastName
+    unsigned int age
+}
+
+p Human.makeSound() {
+    // Sigh ...
+}
+
+p Human.sayHello() {
+    // Hi!
+}
+
+type Car struct : MakeSound {
+    string brand
+    string model
+    unsigned int seats
+}
+
+p Car.makeSound() {
+    // Wroom, wroom
+}
+
+type Parrot struct : MakeSound, Speak {
+    string name
+    unsigned int age
+}
+
+p Parrot.makeSound() {
+    // Sqawk!
+}
+
+p Parrot.sayHello() {
+    // Hello, squawk!
+}
+```
+
+As all living beings, parrots and humans have an age. So you might want to extract the `unsigned int age`, that exists
+in both structs to a separate struct called `LivingBeing`.
+
+```spice
+// ...
+
+type LivingBeing struct {
+    unsigned int age
+}
+
+type Human struct : MakeSound, Speak {
+    LivingBeing livingBeing
+    string firstName
+    string lastName
+}
+
+type Parrot struct : MakeSound, Speak {
+    LivingBeing livingBeing
+    string name
+}
+
+// ...
+```

media/test-project/os-test.spice

@@ -1,6 +1,9 @@
-//import "std/type/int" as unused;
+f<int> test(int i, int j = 12, string t = "Test") {
+    printf("Test: %d, %s", j, t);
+    return i;
+}
 
 f<int> main() {
-    unsigned int t = 12u;
-    printf("%d", t);
+    test(1);
+    test(1, 3);
 }

src-bootstrap/ast/AstNodes.spice

@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ public type AstNode struct : Visitable {
     vec::Vector<AstNode*> children
     const cl::CodeLoc codeLoc
     string errorMessage
-    unsigned long symbolTypeIndex
+    unsigned long manIdx
     vec::Vector<symbolType::SymbolType> symbolTypes
     CompileTimeValue compileTimeValue
     string compileTimeStringValue
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ public type AstNode struct : Visitable {
 p AstNode.ctor(AstNode *parent, cl::CodeLoc codeLoc) {
     this.parent = parent;
     this.codeLoc = codeLoc;
-    this.symbolTypeIndex = longTy::MAX_VALUE;
+    this.manIdx = longTy::MAX_VALUE;
     hasDirectCompileTimeValue = false;
 }
 

src/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -85,8 +85,8 @@ set(SOURCES
         irgenerator/GenValues.cpp
         irgenerator/StdFunctionManager.cpp
         irgenerator/StdFunctionManager.h
-        irgenerator/OpRuleConversionsManager.cpp
-        irgenerator/OpRuleConversionsManager.h
+        irgenerator/OpRuleConversionManager.cpp
+        irgenerator/OpRuleConversionManager.h
         irgenerator/DebugInfoGenerator.cpp
         irgenerator/DebugInfoGenerator.h
         # IR optimizer

src/ast/ASTBuilder.cpp

@@ -277,9 +277,10 @@ std::any ASTBuilder::visitGlobalVarDef(SpiceParser::GlobalVarDefContext *ctx) {
       currentNode = globalVarDefNode->createChild<SpecifierLstNode>(CodeLoc(rule->start, filePath));
     else if (rule = dynamic_cast<SpiceParser::DataTypeContext *>(subTree); rule != nullptr) // DataType
       currentNode = globalVarDefNode->createChild<DataTypeNode>(CodeLoc(rule->start, filePath));
-    else if (rule = dynamic_cast<SpiceParser::ConstantContext *>(subTree); rule != nullptr) // Constant
+    else if (rule = dynamic_cast<SpiceParser::ConstantContext *>(subTree); rule != nullptr) { // Constant
       currentNode = globalVarDefNode->createChild<ConstantNode>(CodeLoc(rule->start, filePath));
-    else
+      globalVarDefNode->hasAssigment = true;
+    } else
       assert(dynamic_cast<antlr4::tree::TerminalNode *>(subTree)); // Fail if we did not get a terminal
 
     if (currentNode != globalVarDefNode) {
@@ -572,6 +573,8 @@ std::any ASTBuilder::visitStmtLst(SpiceParser::StmtLstContext *ctx) {
       currentNode = stmtLstNode->createChild<ForeachLoopNode>(CodeLoc(rule->start, filePath));
     else if (rule = dynamic_cast<SpiceParser::WhileLoopContext *>(subTree); rule != nullptr) // WhileLoop
       currentNode = stmtLstNode->createChild<WhileLoopNode>(CodeLoc(rule->start, filePath));
+    else if (rule = dynamic_cast<SpiceParser::DoWhileLoopContext *>(subTree); rule != nullptr) // DoWhileLoop
+      currentNode = stmtLstNode->createChild<DoWhileLoopNode>(CodeLoc(rule->start, filePath));
     else if (rule = dynamic_cast<SpiceParser::IfStmtContext *>(subTree); rule != nullptr) // IfStmt
       currentNode = stmtLstNode->createChild<IfStmtNode>(CodeLoc(rule->start, filePath));
     else if (rule = dynamic_cast<SpiceParser::AssertStmtContext *>(subTree); rule != nullptr) // AssertStmt