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Improve proof of a cursed lemma
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aisejohan committed May 5, 2016
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Expand Up @@ -33229,16 +33229,16 @@ \section{The naive cotangent complex}
\item $J/J^2 = (I/I^2)_g \oplus B_g (f x - 1)$,
\item $\Omega_{P[x]/A} \otimes_{P[x]} B_g =
\Omega_{P/A} \otimes_P B_g \oplus B_g \text{d}x$,
\item $\NL(\beta) = \NL(\alpha) \otimes_B B_g \oplus (B_g \xrightarrow{g} B_g)$
\item $\NL(\beta) \cong
\NL(\alpha) \otimes_B B_g \oplus (B_g \xrightarrow{g} B_g)$
\end{enumerate}
Hence the canonical map $\NL_{B/A} \otimes_B B_g \to \NL_{B_g/A}$
is a homotopy equivalence.
\end{lemma}

\begin{proof}
Since $P[x]/(I, fx - 1) = B[x]/(gx - 1) = B_g$ we get the statement about
$I$ and $fx - 1$ generating $J$. To prove the other statements one can
use the commutative diagram
$I$ and $fx - 1$ generating $J$. Consider the commutative diagram
$$
\xymatrix{
0 \ar[r] &
Expand All @@ -33249,18 +33249,51 @@ \section{The naive cotangent complex}
&
(I/I^2)_g \ar[r] \ar[u] &
J/J^2 \ar[r] \ar[u] &
(fx - 1)/(fx - 1)^2 \ar[r] \ar[u] &
(gx - 1)/(gx - 1)^2 \ar[r] \ar[u] &
0
}
$$
with exact rows of Lemma \ref{lemma-exact-sequence-NL}. Then the only
question left over is: why is $(I/I^2)_g \to J/J^2$ injective?
It is enough to show that $\alpha ( I \cap J^2)=0$ where
$\alpha : I \to I_f/I_f^2$ is the canonical map.
So consider the extension of $\alpha$ to the $P$-algebra map
$\pi : P[x] \to P_f/I_f^2$ given by $\pi(x) = 1/f$, and
note that $\pi(J^2) = \pi(J)^2 = \pi(I[x])^2 = 0$, since
$\pi(fx - 1) = 0$ implies $\pi(J) = \pi(I[x])$.
with exact rows of Lemma \ref{lemma-exact-sequence-NL}.
The $B_g$-module $\Omega_{B[x]/B} \otimes B_g$ is free of
rank $1$ on $\text{d}x$. The element $\text{d}x$ in the
$B_g$-module $\Omega_{P[x]/A} \otimes B_g$ provides
a splitting for the top row. The element $gx - 1 \in (gx - 1)/(gx - 1)^2$
is mapped to $g\text{d}x$ in $\Omega_{B[x]/B} \otimes B_g$
and hence $(gx - 1)/(gx - 1)^2$ is free of rank $1$ over $B_g$.
(This can also be seen by arguing that $gx - 1$ is a nonzerodivisor
in $B[x]$ because it is a polynomial with invertible constant term
and any nonzerodivisor gives a quasi-regular sequence of length $1$
by Lemma \ref{lemma-regular-quasi-regular}.)

\medskip\noindent
Let us prove $(I/I^2)_g \to J/J^2$ injective. Consider the $P$-algebra map
$$
\pi : P[x] \to (P/I^2)_f = P_f/I_f^2
$$
sending $x$ to $1/f$. Since $J$ is generated by $I$ and $fx - 1$
we see that $\pi(J) \subset (I/I^2)_f = (I/I^2)_g$. Since this
is an ideal of square zero we see that $\pi(J^2) = 0$.
If $a \in I$ maps to an element of $J^2$ in $J$, then
$\pi(a) = 0$, which implies that $a$ maps to zero in $I_f/I_f^2$.
This proves the desired injectivity.

\medskip\noindent
Thus we have a short exact sequence of two term complexes
$$
0 \to \NL(\alpha) \otimes_B B_g \to \NL(\beta)
\to (B_g \xrightarrow{g} B_g) \to 0
$$
Such a short exact sequence can always be split in the category of
complexes. In our particular case we can take as splittings
$$
J/J^2 = (I/I^2)_g \oplus B_g (fx - 1)\quad\text{and}\quad
\Omega_{P[x]/A} \otimes B_g = \Omega_{P/A} \otimes B_g \oplus
B_g (g^{-2}\text{d}f + \text{d}x)
$$
This works because
$\text{d}(fx - 1) = x\text{d}f + f \text{d}x =
g(g^{-2}\text{d}f + \text{d}x)$
in $\Omega_{P[x]/A} \otimes B_g$.
\end{proof}

\begin{lemma}
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