Using ordered categorical columns with built-in charts causes an error

[LukasMasuch]

Checklist

• I have searched the existing issues for similar issues.
• I added a very descriptive title to this issue.
• I have provided sufficient information below to help reproduce this issue.

Summary

The usage of an ordered categorical column (pd.Categorical(..., ordered=True)) with the built-in charts results in a SchemaValidationError. The underlying issue is that ordered categorical columns are treated slightly differently within the infer_vegalite_type by returning a tuple:

streamlit/lib/streamlit/type_util.py

Lines 1078 to 1079 in 39a21c3

	elif typ == "categorical" and data.cat.ordered:
	return ("ordinal", data.cat.categories.tolist())

To solve this, we would need to split up this tuple into type and sort within our built-in chart logic similar to how it is done here in Altair:

https://github.com/altair-viz/altair/blob/e1bb266f91bd743c815fce9908d03d3bb1ad13fc/altair/utils/core.py#L603-L605

Reproducible Code Example

import pandas as pd
import streamlit as st

df = pd.DataFrame(
    {
        "categorical": pd.Series(
            pd.Categorical(
                ["b", "c", "a", "a"], categories=["c", "b", "a"], ordered=True
            )
        ),
        "numbers": pd.Series([1, 2, 3, 4]),
    }
)

st.scatter_chart(df, x="categorical", y="numbers")

Steps To Reproduce

Running the app will result in an error.

Expected Behavior

Show the chart with the x-axis using the categories ordered by "c", "b", "a".

Current Behavior

Exception:

SchemaValidationError: '['ordinal', ['c', 'b', 'a']]' is an invalid value for `type`. Valid values are: - One of ['quantitative', 'ordinal', 'temporal', 'nominal', 'geojson'] - Of type 'string'

Is this a regression?

• Yes, this used to work in a previous version.

Debug info

• Streamlit version: 1.28.2
• Python version: 3.10
• Operating System: MacOS
• Browser: Chrome

Additional Information

No response

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