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Path.php
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Path.php
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<?php
/*
* This file is part of the Symfony package.
*
* (c) Fabien Potencier <fabien@symfony.com>
*
* For the full copyright and license information, please view the LICENSE
* file that was distributed with this source code.
*/
namespace Symfony\Component\Filesystem;
use Symfony\Component\Filesystem\Exception\InvalidArgumentException;
use Symfony\Component\Filesystem\Exception\RuntimeException;
/**
* Contains utility methods for handling path strings.
*
* The methods in this class are able to deal with both UNIX and Windows paths
* with both forward and backward slashes. All methods return normalized parts
* containing only forward slashes and no excess "." and ".." segments.
*
* @author Bernhard Schussek <bschussek@gmail.com>
* @author Thomas Schulz <mail@king2500.net>
* @author Théo Fidry <theo.fidry@gmail.com>
*/
final class Path
{
/**
* The number of buffer entries that triggers a cleanup operation.
*/
private const CLEANUP_THRESHOLD = 1250;
/**
* The buffer size after the cleanup operation.
*/
private const CLEANUP_SIZE = 1000;
/**
* Buffers input/output of {@link canonicalize()}.
*
* @var array<string, string>
*/
private static $buffer = [];
/**
* @var int
*/
private static $bufferSize = 0;
/**
* Canonicalizes the given path.
*
* During normalization, all slashes are replaced by forward slashes ("/").
* Furthermore, all "." and ".." segments are removed as far as possible.
* ".." segments at the beginning of relative paths are not removed.
*
* ```php
* echo Path::canonicalize("\symfony\puli\..\css\style.css");
* // => /symfony/css/style.css
*
* echo Path::canonicalize("../css/./style.css");
* // => ../css/style.css
* ```
*
* This method is able to deal with both UNIX and Windows paths.
*/
public static function canonicalize(string $path): string
{
if ('' === $path) {
return '';
}
// This method is called by many other methods in this class. Buffer
// the canonicalized paths to make up for the severe performance
// decrease.
if (isset(self::$buffer[$path])) {
return self::$buffer[$path];
}
// Replace "~" with user's home directory.
if ('~' === $path[0]) {
$path = self::getHomeDirectory().substr($path, 1);
}
$path = self::normalize($path);
[$root, $pathWithoutRoot] = self::split($path);
$canonicalParts = self::findCanonicalParts($root, $pathWithoutRoot);
// Add the root directory again
self::$buffer[$path] = $canonicalPath = $root.implode('/', $canonicalParts);
++self::$bufferSize;
// Clean up regularly to prevent memory leaks
if (self::$bufferSize > self::CLEANUP_THRESHOLD) {
self::$buffer = \array_slice(self::$buffer, -self::CLEANUP_SIZE, null, true);
self::$bufferSize = self::CLEANUP_SIZE;
}
return $canonicalPath;
}
/**
* Normalizes the given path.
*
* During normalization, all slashes are replaced by forward slashes ("/").
* Contrary to {@link canonicalize()}, this method does not remove invalid
* or dot path segments. Consequently, it is much more efficient and should
* be used whenever the given path is known to be a valid, absolute system
* path.
*
* This method is able to deal with both UNIX and Windows paths.
*/
public static function normalize(string $path): string
{
return str_replace('\\', '/', $path);
}
/**
* Returns the directory part of the path.
*
* This method is similar to PHP's dirname(), but handles various cases
* where dirname() returns a weird result:
*
* - dirname() does not accept backslashes on UNIX
* - dirname("C:/symfony") returns "C:", not "C:/"
* - dirname("C:/") returns ".", not "C:/"
* - dirname("C:") returns ".", not "C:/"
* - dirname("symfony") returns ".", not ""
* - dirname() does not canonicalize the result
*
* This method fixes these shortcomings and behaves like dirname()
* otherwise.
*
* The result is a canonical path.
*
* @return string The canonical directory part. Returns the root directory
* if the root directory is passed. Returns an empty string
* if a relative path is passed that contains no slashes.
* Returns an empty string if an empty string is passed.
*/
public static function getDirectory(string $path): string
{
if ('' === $path) {
return '';
}
$path = self::canonicalize($path);
// Maintain scheme
if (false !== $schemeSeparatorPosition = strpos($path, '://')) {
$scheme = substr($path, 0, $schemeSeparatorPosition + 3);
$path = substr($path, $schemeSeparatorPosition + 3);
} else {
$scheme = '';
}
if (false === $dirSeparatorPosition = strrpos($path, '/')) {
return '';
}
// Directory equals root directory "/"
if (0 === $dirSeparatorPosition) {
return $scheme.'/';
}
// Directory equals Windows root "C:/"
if (2 === $dirSeparatorPosition && ctype_alpha($path[0]) && ':' === $path[1]) {
return $scheme.substr($path, 0, 3);
}
return $scheme.substr($path, 0, $dirSeparatorPosition);
}
/**
* Returns canonical path of the user's home directory.
*
* Supported operating systems:
*
* - UNIX
* - Windows8 and upper
*
* If your operating system or environment isn't supported, an exception is thrown.
*
* The result is a canonical path.
*
* @throws RuntimeException If your operating system or environment isn't supported
*/
public static function getHomeDirectory(): string
{
// For UNIX support
if (getenv('HOME')) {
return self::canonicalize(getenv('HOME'));
}
// For >= Windows8 support
if (getenv('HOMEDRIVE') && getenv('HOMEPATH')) {
return self::canonicalize(getenv('HOMEDRIVE').getenv('HOMEPATH'));
}
throw new RuntimeException("Cannot find the home directory path: Your environment or operating system isn't supported.");
}
/**
* Returns the root directory of a path.
*
* The result is a canonical path.
*
* @return string The canonical root directory. Returns an empty string if
* the given path is relative or empty.
*/
public static function getRoot(string $path): string
{
if ('' === $path) {
return '';
}
// Maintain scheme
if (false !== $schemeSeparatorPosition = strpos($path, '://')) {
$scheme = substr($path, 0, $schemeSeparatorPosition + 3);
$path = substr($path, $schemeSeparatorPosition + 3);
} else {
$scheme = '';
}
$firstCharacter = $path[0];
// UNIX root "/" or "\" (Windows style)
if ('/' === $firstCharacter || '\\' === $firstCharacter) {
return $scheme.'/';
}
$length = \strlen($path);
// Windows root
if ($length > 1 && ':' === $path[1] && ctype_alpha($firstCharacter)) {
// Special case: "C:"
if (2 === $length) {
return $scheme.$path.'/';
}
// Normal case: "C:/ or "C:\"
if ('/' === $path[2] || '\\' === $path[2]) {
return $scheme.$firstCharacter.$path[1].'/';
}
}
return '';
}
/**
* Returns the file name without the extension from a file path.
*
* @param string|null $extension if specified, only that extension is cut
* off (may contain leading dot)
*/
public static function getFilenameWithoutExtension(string $path, string $extension = null): string
{
if ('' === $path) {
return '';
}
if (null !== $extension) {
// remove extension and trailing dot
return rtrim(basename($path, $extension), '.');
}
return pathinfo($path, \PATHINFO_FILENAME);
}
/**
* Returns the extension from a file path (without leading dot).
*
* @param bool $forceLowerCase forces the extension to be lower-case
*/
public static function getExtension(string $path, bool $forceLowerCase = false): string
{
if ('' === $path) {
return '';
}
$extension = pathinfo($path, \PATHINFO_EXTENSION);
if ($forceLowerCase) {
$extension = self::toLower($extension);
}
return $extension;
}
/**
* Returns whether the path has an (or the specified) extension.
*
* @param string $path the path string
* @param string|string[]|null $extensions if null or not provided, checks if
* an extension exists, otherwise
* checks for the specified extension
* or array of extensions (with or
* without leading dot)
* @param bool $ignoreCase whether to ignore case-sensitivity
*/
public static function hasExtension(string $path, $extensions = null, bool $ignoreCase = false): bool
{
if ('' === $path) {
return false;
}
$actualExtension = self::getExtension($path, $ignoreCase);
// Only check if path has any extension
if ([] === $extensions || null === $extensions) {
return '' !== $actualExtension;
}
if (\is_string($extensions)) {
$extensions = [$extensions];
}
foreach ($extensions as $key => $extension) {
if ($ignoreCase) {
$extension = self::toLower($extension);
}
// remove leading '.' in extensions array
$extensions[$key] = ltrim($extension, '.');
}
return \in_array($actualExtension, $extensions, true);
}
/**
* Changes the extension of a path string.
*
* @param string $path The path string with filename.ext to change.
* @param string $extension new extension (with or without leading dot)
*
* @return string the path string with new file extension
*/
public static function changeExtension(string $path, string $extension): string
{
if ('' === $path) {
return '';
}
$actualExtension = self::getExtension($path);
$extension = ltrim($extension, '.');
// No extension for paths
if ('/' === substr($path, -1)) {
return $path;
}
// No actual extension in path
if (empty($actualExtension)) {
return $path.('.' === substr($path, -1) ? '' : '.').$extension;
}
return substr($path, 0, -\strlen($actualExtension)).$extension;
}
public static function isAbsolute(string $path): bool
{
if ('' === $path) {
return false;
}
// Strip scheme
if (false !== $schemeSeparatorPosition = strpos($path, '://')) {
$path = substr($path, $schemeSeparatorPosition + 3);
}
$firstCharacter = $path[0];
// UNIX root "/" or "\" (Windows style)
if ('/' === $firstCharacter || '\\' === $firstCharacter) {
return true;
}
// Windows root
if (\strlen($path) > 1 && ctype_alpha($firstCharacter) && ':' === $path[1]) {
// Special case: "C:"
if (2 === \strlen($path)) {
return true;
}
// Normal case: "C:/ or "C:\"
if ('/' === $path[2] || '\\' === $path[2]) {
return true;
}
}
return false;
}
public static function isRelative(string $path): bool
{
return !self::isAbsolute($path);
}
/**
* Turns a relative path into an absolute path in canonical form.
*
* Usually, the relative path is appended to the given base path. Dot
* segments ("." and "..") are removed/collapsed and all slashes turned
* into forward slashes.
*
* ```php
* echo Path::makeAbsolute("../style.css", "/symfony/puli/css");
* // => /symfony/puli/style.css
* ```
*
* If an absolute path is passed, that path is returned unless its root
* directory is different than the one of the base path. In that case, an
* exception is thrown.
*
* ```php
* Path::makeAbsolute("/style.css", "/symfony/puli/css");
* // => /style.css
*
* Path::makeAbsolute("C:/style.css", "C:/symfony/puli/css");
* // => C:/style.css
*
* Path::makeAbsolute("C:/style.css", "/symfony/puli/css");
* // InvalidArgumentException
* ```
*
* If the base path is not an absolute path, an exception is thrown.
*
* The result is a canonical path.
*
* @param string $basePath an absolute base path
*
* @throws InvalidArgumentException if the base path is not absolute or if
* the given path is an absolute path with
* a different root than the base path
*/
public static function makeAbsolute(string $path, string $basePath): string
{
if ('' === $basePath) {
throw new InvalidArgumentException(sprintf('The base path must be a non-empty string. Got: "%s".', $basePath));
}
if (!self::isAbsolute($basePath)) {
throw new InvalidArgumentException(sprintf('The base path "%s" is not an absolute path.', $basePath));
}
if (self::isAbsolute($path)) {
return self::canonicalize($path);
}
if (false !== $schemeSeparatorPosition = strpos($basePath, '://')) {
$scheme = substr($basePath, 0, $schemeSeparatorPosition + 3);
$basePath = substr($basePath, $schemeSeparatorPosition + 3);
} else {
$scheme = '';
}
return $scheme.self::canonicalize(rtrim($basePath, '/\\').'/'.$path);
}
/**
* Turns a path into a relative path.
*
* The relative path is created relative to the given base path:
*
* ```php
* echo Path::makeRelative("/symfony/style.css", "/symfony/puli");
* // => ../style.css
* ```
*
* If a relative path is passed and the base path is absolute, the relative
* path is returned unchanged:
*
* ```php
* Path::makeRelative("style.css", "/symfony/puli/css");
* // => style.css
* ```
*
* If both paths are relative, the relative path is created with the
* assumption that both paths are relative to the same directory:
*
* ```php
* Path::makeRelative("style.css", "symfony/puli/css");
* // => ../../../style.css
* ```
*
* If both paths are absolute, their root directory must be the same,
* otherwise an exception is thrown:
*
* ```php
* Path::makeRelative("C:/symfony/style.css", "/symfony/puli");
* // InvalidArgumentException
* ```
*
* If the passed path is absolute, but the base path is not, an exception
* is thrown as well:
*
* ```php
* Path::makeRelative("/symfony/style.css", "symfony/puli");
* // InvalidArgumentException
* ```
*
* If the base path is not an absolute path, an exception is thrown.
*
* The result is a canonical path.
*
* @throws InvalidArgumentException if the base path is not absolute or if
* the given path has a different root
* than the base path
*/
public static function makeRelative(string $path, string $basePath): string
{
$path = self::canonicalize($path);
$basePath = self::canonicalize($basePath);
[$root, $relativePath] = self::split($path);
[$baseRoot, $relativeBasePath] = self::split($basePath);
// If the base path is given as absolute path and the path is already
// relative, consider it to be relative to the given absolute path
// already
if ('' === $root && '' !== $baseRoot) {
// If base path is already in its root
if ('' === $relativeBasePath) {
$relativePath = ltrim($relativePath, './\\');
}
return $relativePath;
}
// If the passed path is absolute, but the base path is not, we
// cannot generate a relative path
if ('' !== $root && '' === $baseRoot) {
throw new InvalidArgumentException(sprintf('The absolute path "%s" cannot be made relative to the relative path "%s". You should provide an absolute base path instead.', $path, $basePath));
}
// Fail if the roots of the two paths are different
if ($baseRoot && $root !== $baseRoot) {
throw new InvalidArgumentException(sprintf('The path "%s" cannot be made relative to "%s", because they have different roots ("%s" and "%s").', $path, $basePath, $root, $baseRoot));
}
if ('' === $relativeBasePath) {
return $relativePath;
}
// Build a "../../" prefix with as many "../" parts as necessary
$parts = explode('/', $relativePath);
$baseParts = explode('/', $relativeBasePath);
$dotDotPrefix = '';
// Once we found a non-matching part in the prefix, we need to add
// "../" parts for all remaining parts
$match = true;
foreach ($baseParts as $index => $basePart) {
if ($match && isset($parts[$index]) && $basePart === $parts[$index]) {
unset($parts[$index]);
continue;
}
$match = false;
$dotDotPrefix .= '../';
}
return rtrim($dotDotPrefix.implode('/', $parts), '/');
}
/**
* Returns whether the given path is on the local filesystem.
*/
public static function isLocal(string $path): bool
{
return '' !== $path && !str_contains($path, '://');
}
/**
* Returns the longest common base path in canonical form of a set of paths or
* `null` if the paths are on different Windows partitions.
*
* Dot segments ("." and "..") are removed/collapsed and all slashes turned
* into forward slashes.
*
* ```php
* $basePath = Path::getLongestCommonBasePath(
* '/symfony/css/style.css',
* '/symfony/css/..'
* );
* // => /symfony
* ```
*
* The root is returned if no common base path can be found:
*
* ```php
* $basePath = Path::getLongestCommonBasePath(
* '/symfony/css/style.css',
* '/puli/css/..'
* );
* // => /
* ```
*
* If the paths are located on different Windows partitions, `null` is
* returned.
*
* ```php
* $basePath = Path::getLongestCommonBasePath(
* 'C:/symfony/css/style.css',
* 'D:/symfony/css/..'
* );
* // => null
* ```
*/
public static function getLongestCommonBasePath(string ...$paths): ?string
{
[$bpRoot, $basePath] = self::split(self::canonicalize(reset($paths)));
for (next($paths); null !== key($paths) && '' !== $basePath; next($paths)) {
[$root, $path] = self::split(self::canonicalize(current($paths)));
// If we deal with different roots (e.g. C:/ vs. D:/), it's time
// to quit
if ($root !== $bpRoot) {
return null;
}
// Make the base path shorter until it fits into path
while (true) {
if ('.' === $basePath) {
// No more base paths
$basePath = '';
// next path
continue 2;
}
// Prevent false positives for common prefixes
// see isBasePath()
if (str_starts_with($path.'/', $basePath.'/')) {
// next path
continue 2;
}
$basePath = \dirname($basePath);
}
}
return $bpRoot.$basePath;
}
/**
* Joins two or more path strings into a canonical path.
*/
public static function join(string ...$paths): string
{
$finalPath = null;
$wasScheme = false;
foreach ($paths as $path) {
if ('' === $path) {
continue;
}
if (null === $finalPath) {
// For first part we keep slashes, like '/top', 'C:\' or 'phar://'
$finalPath = $path;
$wasScheme = str_contains($path, '://');
continue;
}
// Only add slash if previous part didn't end with '/' or '\'
if (!\in_array(substr($finalPath, -1), ['/', '\\'])) {
$finalPath .= '/';
}
// If first part included a scheme like 'phar://' we allow \current part to start with '/', otherwise trim
$finalPath .= $wasScheme ? $path : ltrim($path, '/');
$wasScheme = false;
}
if (null === $finalPath) {
return '';
}
return self::canonicalize($finalPath);
}
/**
* Returns whether a path is a base path of another path.
*
* Dot segments ("." and "..") are removed/collapsed and all slashes turned
* into forward slashes.
*
* ```php
* Path::isBasePath('/symfony', '/symfony/css');
* // => true
*
* Path::isBasePath('/symfony', '/symfony');
* // => true
*
* Path::isBasePath('/symfony', '/symfony/..');
* // => false
*
* Path::isBasePath('/symfony', '/puli');
* // => false
* ```
*/
public static function isBasePath(string $basePath, string $ofPath): bool
{
$basePath = self::canonicalize($basePath);
$ofPath = self::canonicalize($ofPath);
// Append slashes to prevent false positives when two paths have
// a common prefix, for example /base/foo and /base/foobar.
// Don't append a slash for the root "/", because then that root
// won't be discovered as common prefix ("//" is not a prefix of
// "/foobar/").
return str_starts_with($ofPath.'/', rtrim($basePath, '/').'/');
}
/**
* @return string[]
*/
private static function findCanonicalParts(string $root, string $pathWithoutRoot): array
{
$parts = explode('/', $pathWithoutRoot);
$canonicalParts = [];
// Collapse "." and "..", if possible
foreach ($parts as $part) {
if ('.' === $part || '' === $part) {
continue;
}
// Collapse ".." with the previous part, if one exists
// Don't collapse ".." if the previous part is also ".."
if ('..' === $part && \count($canonicalParts) > 0 && '..' !== $canonicalParts[\count($canonicalParts) - 1]) {
array_pop($canonicalParts);
continue;
}
// Only add ".." prefixes for relative paths
if ('..' !== $part || '' === $root) {
$canonicalParts[] = $part;
}
}
return $canonicalParts;
}
/**
* Splits a canonical path into its root directory and the remainder.
*
* If the path has no root directory, an empty root directory will be
* returned.
*
* If the root directory is a Windows style partition, the resulting root
* will always contain a trailing slash.
*
* list ($root, $path) = Path::split("C:/symfony")
* // => ["C:/", "symfony"]
*
* list ($root, $path) = Path::split("C:")
* // => ["C:/", ""]
*
* @return array{string, string} an array with the root directory and the remaining relative path
*/
private static function split(string $path): array
{
if ('' === $path) {
return ['', ''];
}
// Remember scheme as part of the root, if any
if (false !== $schemeSeparatorPosition = strpos($path, '://')) {
$root = substr($path, 0, $schemeSeparatorPosition + 3);
$path = substr($path, $schemeSeparatorPosition + 3);
} else {
$root = '';
}
$length = \strlen($path);
// Remove and remember root directory
if (str_starts_with($path, '/')) {
$root .= '/';
$path = $length > 1 ? substr($path, 1) : '';
} elseif ($length > 1 && ctype_alpha($path[0]) && ':' === $path[1]) {
if (2 === $length) {
// Windows special case: "C:"
$root .= $path.'/';
$path = '';
} elseif ('/' === $path[2]) {
// Windows normal case: "C:/"..
$root .= substr($path, 0, 3);
$path = $length > 3 ? substr($path, 3) : '';
}
}
return [$root, $path];
}
private static function toLower(string $string): string
{
if (false !== $encoding = mb_detect_encoding($string, null, true)) {
return mb_strtolower($string, $encoding);
}
return strtolower($string);
}
private function __construct()
{
}
}