[FEATURE] Support for common pydantic types

Fixes #181

docs/tutorial/parameter-types/pydantic-types.md

@@ -0,0 +1,84 @@
+Pydantic types such as [AnyUrl](https://docs.pydantic.dev/latest/api/networks/#pydantic.networks.AnyUrl) or [EmailStr](https://docs.pydantic.dev/latest/api/networks/#pydantic.networks.EmailStr) can be very convenient to describe and validate some parameters.
+
+You can add pydantic from typer's optional dependencies
+
+<div class="termy">
+
+```console
+// Pydantic comes with typer[all]
+$ pip install "typer[all]"
+---> 100%
+Successfully installed typer rich pydantic
+
+// Alternatively, you can install Pydantic independently
+$ pip install pydantic
+---> 100%
+Successfully installed pydantic
+```
+
+</div>
+
+
+You can then use them as parameter types.
+
+=== "Python 3.6+ Argument"
+
+    ```Python hl_lines="5"
+    {!> ../docs_src/parameter_types/pydantic_types/tutorial001_an.py!}
+    ```
+
+=== "Python 3.6+ Argument non-Annotated"
+
+    !!! tip
+        Prefer to use the `Annotated` version if possible.
+
+    ```Python hl_lines="4"
+    {!> ../docs_src/parameter_types/pydantic_types/tutorial001.py!}
+    ```
+
+=== "Python 3.6+ Option"
+
+    ```Python hl_lines="5"
+    {!> ../docs_src/parameter_types/pydantic_types/tutorial002_an.py!}
+    ```
+
+=== "Python 3.6+ Option non-Annotated"
+
+    !!! tip
+        Prefer to use the `Annotated` version if possible.
+
+    ```Python hl_lines="4"
+    {!> ../docs_src/parameter_types/pydantic_types/tutorial002.py!}
+    ```
+
+These types are also supported in lists or tuples
+
+=== "Python 3.6+ list"
+
+    ```Python hl_lines="6"
+    {!> ../docs_src/parameter_types/pydantic_types/tutorial003_an.py!}
+    ```
+
+=== "Python 3.6+ list non-Annotated"
+
+    !!! tip
+        Prefer to use the `Annotated` version if possible.
+
+    ```Python hl_lines="5"
+    {!> ../docs_src/parameter_types/pydantic_types/tutorial003.py!}
+    ```
+
+=== "Python 3.6+ tuple"
+
+    ```Python hl_lines="6"
+    {!> ../docs_src/parameter_types/pydantic_types/tutorial004_an.py!}
+    ```
+
+=== "Python 3.6+ tuple non-Annotated"
+
+    !!! tip
+        Prefer to use the `Annotated` version if possible.
+
+    ```Python hl_lines="5"
+    {!> ../docs_src/parameter_types/pydantic_types/tutorial004.py!}
+    ```

docs_src/parameter_types/pydantic_types/tutorial001.py

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+import typer
+from pydantic import EmailStr
+
+
+def main(email_arg: EmailStr):
+    typer.echo(f"email_arg: {email_arg}")
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    typer.run(main)

docs_src/parameter_types/pydantic_types/tutorial001_an.py

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+import typer
+from pydantic import EmailStr
+from typing_extensions import Annotated
+
+
+def main(email_arg: Annotated[EmailStr, typer.Argument()]):
+    typer.echo(f"email_arg: {email_arg}")
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    typer.run(main)

docs_src/parameter_types/pydantic_types/tutorial002.py

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+import typer
+from pydantic import EmailStr
+
+
+def main(email_opt: EmailStr = typer.Option("tiangolo@gmail.com")):
+    typer.echo(f"email_opt: {email_opt}")
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    typer.run(main)

docs_src/parameter_types/pydantic_types/tutorial002_an.py

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+import typer
+from pydantic import EmailStr
+from typing_extensions import Annotated
+
+
+def main(email_opt: Annotated[EmailStr, typer.Option()] = "tiangolo@gmail.com"):
+    typer.echo(f"email_opt: {email_opt}")
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    typer.run(main)

docs_src/parameter_types/pydantic_types/tutorial003.py

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+from typing import List
+
+import typer
+from pydantic import AnyHttpUrl
+
+
+def main(urls: List[AnyHttpUrl] = typer.Option([], "--url")):
+    typer.echo(f"urls: {urls}")
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    typer.run(main)

docs_src/parameter_types/pydantic_types/tutorial003_an.py

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+from typing import List
+
+import typer
+from pydantic import AnyHttpUrl
+from typing_extensions import Annotated
+
+
+def main(
+    urls: Annotated[List[AnyHttpUrl], typer.Option("--url", default_factory=list)],
+):
+    typer.echo(f"urls: {urls}")
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    typer.run(main)

docs_src/parameter_types/pydantic_types/tutorial004.py

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+from typing import Tuple
+
+import typer
+from pydantic import AnyHttpUrl, EmailStr
+
+
+def main(
+    user: Tuple[str, int, EmailStr, AnyHttpUrl] = typer.Option(
+        ..., help="User name, age, email and social media URL"
+    ),
+):
+    name, age, email, url = user
+    typer.echo(f"name: {name}")
+    typer.echo(f"age: {age}")
+    typer.echo(f"email: {email}")
+    typer.echo(f"url: {url}")
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    typer.run(main)

docs_src/parameter_types/pydantic_types/tutorial004_an.py

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+from typing import Tuple
+
+import typer
+from pydantic import AnyHttpUrl, EmailStr
+from typing_extensions import Annotated
+
+
+def main(
+    user: Annotated[
+        Tuple[str, int, EmailStr, AnyHttpUrl],
+        typer.Option(help="User name, age, email and social media URL"),
+    ],
+):
+    name, age, email, url = user
+    typer.echo(f"name: {name}")
+    typer.echo(f"age: {age}")
+    typer.echo(f"email: {email}")
+    typer.echo(f"url: {url}")
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    typer.run(main)

mkdocs.yml

@@ -66,6 +66,7 @@ nav:
           - Path: tutorial/parameter-types/path.md
           - File: tutorial/parameter-types/file.md
           - Custom Types: tutorial/parameter-types/custom-types.md
+          - Pydantic Types: tutorial/parameter-types/pydantic-types.md
       - SubCommands - Command Groups:
           - SubCommands - Command Groups - Intro: tutorial/subcommands/index.md
           - Add Typer: tutorial/subcommands/add-typer.md

pyproject.toml

@@ -44,6 +44,7 @@ homepage = "https://github.com/tiangolo/typer"
 standard = [
     "shellingham >=1.3.0",
     "rich >=10.11.0",
+    "pydantic[email] >=2.0.0",
 ]
 
 [tool.pdm]

requirements-tests.txt

@@ -10,3 +10,4 @@ ruff ==0.2.0
 # Needed explicitly by typer-slim
 rich >=10.11.0
 shellingham >=1.3.0
+pydantic[email] >=2.0.0

tests/test_tutorial/test_parameter_types/test_pydantic_types/test_tutorial001.py

@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+import subprocess
+import sys
+
+import typer
+from typer.testing import CliRunner
+
+from docs_src.parameter_types.pydantic_types import tutorial001 as mod
+
+runner = CliRunner()
+
+app = typer.Typer()
+app.command()(mod.main)
+
+
+def test_help():
+    result = runner.invoke(app, ["--help"])
+    assert result.exit_code == 0
+
+
+def test_email_arg():
+    result = runner.invoke(app, ["tiangolo@gmail.com"])
+    assert result.exit_code == 0
+    assert "email_arg: tiangolo@gmail.com" in result.output
+
+
+def test_email_arg_invalid():
+    result = runner.invoke(app, ["invalid"])
+    assert result.exit_code != 0
+    assert "value is not a valid email address" in result.output
+
+
+def test_script():
+    result = subprocess.run(
+        [sys.executable, "-m", "coverage", "run", mod.__file__, "--help"],
+        capture_output=True,
+        encoding="utf-8",
+    )
+    assert "Usage" in result.stdout

tests/test_tutorial/test_parameter_types/test_pydantic_types/test_tutorial001_an.py

@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+import subprocess
+import sys
+
+import typer
+from typer.testing import CliRunner
+
+from docs_src.parameter_types.pydantic_types import tutorial001_an as mod
+
+runner = CliRunner()
+
+app = typer.Typer()
+app.command()(mod.main)
+
+
+def test_help():
+    result = runner.invoke(app, ["--help"])
+    assert result.exit_code == 0
+
+
+def test_email_arg():
+    result = runner.invoke(app, ["tiangolo@gmail.com"])
+    assert result.exit_code == 0
+    assert "email_arg: tiangolo@gmail.com" in result.output
+
+
+def test_email_arg_invalid():
+    result = runner.invoke(app, ["invalid"])
+    assert result.exit_code != 0
+    assert "value is not a valid email address" in result.output
+
+
+def test_script():
+    result = subprocess.run(
+        [sys.executable, "-m", "coverage", "run", mod.__file__, "--help"],
+        capture_output=True,
+        encoding="utf-8",
+    )
+    assert "Usage" in result.stdout

tests/test_tutorial/test_parameter_types/test_pydantic_types/test_tutorial002.py

@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+import subprocess
+import sys
+
+import typer
+from typer.testing import CliRunner
+
+from docs_src.parameter_types.pydantic_types import tutorial002 as mod
+
+runner = CliRunner()
+
+app = typer.Typer()
+app.command()(mod.main)
+
+
+def test_help():
+    result = runner.invoke(app, ["--help"])
+    assert result.exit_code == 0
+
+
+def test_email_opt():
+    result = runner.invoke(app, ["--email-opt", "tiangolo@gmail.com"])
+    assert result.exit_code == 0
+    assert "email_opt: tiangolo@gmail.com" in result.output
+
+
+def test_email_opt_invalid():
+    result = runner.invoke(app, ["--email-opt", "invalid"])
+    assert result.exit_code != 0
+    assert "value is not a valid email address" in result.output
+
+
+def test_script():
+    result = subprocess.run(
+        [sys.executable, "-m", "coverage", "run", mod.__file__, "--help"],
+        capture_output=True,
+        encoding="utf-8",
+    )
+    assert "Usage" in result.stdout

tests/test_tutorial/test_parameter_types/test_pydantic_types/test_tutorial002_an.py

@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+import subprocess
+import sys
+
+import typer
+from typer.testing import CliRunner
+
+from docs_src.parameter_types.pydantic_types import tutorial002_an as mod
+
+runner = CliRunner()
+
+app = typer.Typer()
+app.command()(mod.main)
+
+
+def test_help():
+    result = runner.invoke(app, ["--help"])
+    assert result.exit_code == 0
+
+
+def test_email_opt():
+    result = runner.invoke(app, ["--email-opt", "tiangolo@gmail.com"])
+    assert result.exit_code == 0
+    assert "email_opt: tiangolo@gmail.com" in result.output
+
+
+def test_email_opt_invalid():
+    result = runner.invoke(app, ["--email-opt", "invalid"])
+    assert result.exit_code != 0
+    assert "value is not a valid email address" in result.output
+
+
+def test_script():
+    result = subprocess.run(
+        [sys.executable, "-m", "coverage", "run", mod.__file__, "--help"],
+        capture_output=True,
+        encoding="utf-8",
+    )
+    assert "Usage" in result.stdout