NEWS.md

readr 0.2.2.9000

• %y and %Y are now stricter and require 2 or 4 characters respectively.

• If omitted col_date() and col_time() (and parse_date() and parse_time()) use the date and time formats specified in the locale.

• The default date_format and time_formats are %AD and %AT respectively. These are "automatic" date and time parsers that are moderately flexible. The automatic date parser is somewhat flexible than it used to be - it requires a four digit year, and only accepts - and / as separators (#442).

• Missing colum name names are now given a default name (X2, X7 etc) (#318). Duplicated column names are now deduplicated. Both changes generate a warning; to suppress it supply explicit col_names (setting skip = 1 if needed).

• parse_number() is slightly more flexible - it now parses numbers up to the first ill-formed character. For example parse_number("-3-") and parse_number("...3...") now return -3 and 3 respectively.

• condense_spec() function to condense a column specification, useful when

• cols_condense() function to condense a column specification, useful when only a handful of columns are of a different type (#466, @jimhester).

• New stop_for_problems(x) throws an error if x had any parsing problems (#465).

• New readr_example() helper to easily access example files bundled with readr.

• New example extdata/challenge.csv which is carefully created to cause problems with the default column type guessing heuristics.

• write_lines() function to write a character vector to a file (#302, @jimhester).

• Bugfix in read_line() which was not properly ignoring embedded null's in strings. (#338, @jimhester).

• locale() now automatically sets decimal mark if you set the grouping mark. It throws an error if you accidentally set decimal and grouping marks to the same character (#450).

• read_file_raw() function to read a complete file into a raw vector (#451, @jimhester).

• read_fwf() on an empty file returns an empty tibble (#441, @jimhester).

• Named lists can now be used as input to col_types() (#401, @jimhester).

• Column specifications are now printed by default when reading, and can be retrieved from objects with spec() (#314, @jimhester).

• write_excel_csv() can be used to write a csv file with a UTF-8 Byte order mark included, which allows Excel to detect that it is UTF-8 encoded. (#375, @jimhester).

• Parse doubles with boost::spirit::qi::long_double to work around a bug in the spirit library when parsing large numbers (#412, @jimhester).

• Supports reading into long vectors (#309, @jimhester).

• default_locale() now sets the default locale in readr.default_locale rather than regenerating it for each call. (#416, @jimhester).

• Printing of double values now uses an implementation of the grisu3 algorithm which speeds up writing of large numeric data frames by ~10X. (#432, @jimhester)

• Negative column widths are now allowed in fwf_widths() to facilitate compatibility with the widths argument in read.fwf(). (#380, @leeper)

• type_convert() now accepts only NULL or a cols specification for col_types (#369, @jimhester).

• If col_types is too long, it is subsetted correctly. (#372, @jennybc)

• read_file(), read_lines() and read_csv() now return empty objects rather than signaling an error when run on an empty file (#356, @jimhester).

• time objects returned by parse_time() are now hms objects rather than a custom time class (#409, @jimhester).

• parse_datetime()andparse_time()now support%I` for 12 hour time format (#340, @jimhester).

• The flexible time parser now requires colons between hours and minutes and optional seconds. You can explicitly parse without colons by specifying the column type like col_time("%H%M") (#424, @jimhester).

• collector_guess() now guesses time formats as well (#384, @jimhester).

• Fix bug when guessing type for numbers with a trailing character (#316, @jimhester).

• Export collector_guess() (#377, @jimhester).

• Fix bug when parsing negative number returns a positive value (#308, @jimhester).

• Fix bug in parse_date() constructing dates based on integer vectors rather than numeric vectors (#357, @jimhester).

• Add na arguments to parse_date() parse_time() and parse_datetime() (#413, @jimhester).

• Fix bug when parsing negative number returns a positive value (#308, @jimhester).

• Fix bug when detecting column types for single row files without headers (#333, @jimhester).

• Fix bug in collector_guess(), single '-' or '.' are now parsed as characters rather than numeric (#297, @jimhester).

• Fix bug in read_fwf(), it will now properly read a subset of columns. If the final column is ragged, supply an NA as the final end fwf_positions or final width fwf_widths position (#353,@ghaarsma).

• readr now imports tibble so that you get consistent tbl_df behaviour (#317, #385).

• When column names are insufficient, the added names are numbered correctly and won't be NA (#374, @jennybc).

• write_delim() and write_csv() now invisibly return the input data frame as documented (#363).

• parse_time("NA") works as expected (#398).

• Add support for parsing years with col_date("%Y") or col_datetime("%Y")

• parse_logical() now accepts 0, 1 as well as lowercase t, f, true, false.

• read_delim() gains a trim_ws argument (#312, noamross)

readr 0.2.2

• Fix bug when checking empty values for missingness (caused valgrind issue and random crashes).

readr 0.2.1

• Fixes so that readr works on Solaris.

readr 0.2.0

Internationalisation

readr now has a strategy for dealing with settings that vary from place to place: locales. The default locale is still US centric (because R itself is), but you can now easily override the default timezone, decimal separator, grouping mark, day & month names, date format, and encoding. This has lead to a number of changes:

• read_csv(), read_tsv(), read_fwf(), read_table(), read_lines(), read_file(), type_convert(), parse_vector() all gain a locale argument.

• locale() controls all the input settings that vary from place-to-place.

• col_euro_double() and parse_euro_double() have been deprecated. Use the decimal_mark parameter to locale() instead.

• The default encoding is now UTF-8. To load files that are not in UTF-8, set the encoding parameter of the locale() (#40). New guess_encoding() function uses stringi to help you figure out the encoding of a file.

• parse_datetime() and parse_date() with %B and %b use the month names (full and abbreviate) defined in the locale (#242). They also inherit the tz from the locale, rather than using an explicit tz parameter.

See vignette("locales") for more details.

File parsing improvements

• cols() lets you pick the default column type for columns not otherwise explicitly named (#148). You can refer to parsers either with their full name (e.g. col_character()) or their one letter abbreviation (e.g. c).

• cols_only() allows you to load only named columns. You can also choose to override the default column type in cols() (#72).

• read_fwf() is now much more careful with new lines. If a line is too short, you'll get a warning instead of a silent mistake (#166, #254). Additionally, the last column can now be ragged: the width of the last field is silently extended until it hits the next line break (#146). This appears to be a common feature of "fixed" width files in the wild.

• In read_csv(), read_tsv(), read_delim() etc:

  • comment argument allows you to ignore comments (#68).

  • trim_ws argument controls whether leading and trailing whitespace is removed. It defaults to TRUE (#137).

  • Specifying the wrong number of column names, or having rows with an unexpected number of columns, generates a warning, rather than an error (#189).

  • Multiple NA values can be specified by passing a character vector to na (#125). The default has been changed to na = c("", "NA"). Specifying na = "" now works as expected with character columns (#114).

Column parsing improvements

Readr gains vignette("column-types") which describes how the defaults work and how to override them (#122).

• parse_character() gains better support for embedded nulls: any characters after the first null are dropped with a warning (#202).

• parse_integer() and parse_double() no longer silently ignore trailing letters after the number (#221).

• New parse_time() and col_time() allows you to parse times (hours, minutes, seconds) into number of seconds since midnight. If the format is omitted, it uses a flexible parser that looks for hours, then optional colon, then minutes, then optional colon, then optional seconds, then optional am/pm (#249).

• parse_date() and parse_datetime():

  • parse_datetime() no longer incorrectly reads partial dates (e.g. 19, 1900, 1900-01) (#136). These triggered common false positives and after re-reading the ISO8601 spec, I believe they actually refer to periods of time, and should not be translated in to a specific instant (#228).

  • Compound formats "%D", "%F", "%R", "%X", "%T", "%x" are now parsed correctly, instead of using the ISO8601 parser (#178, @kmillar).

  • "%." now requires a non-digit. New "%+" skips one or more non-digits.

  • You can now use %p to refer to AM/PM (and am/pm) (#126).

  • %b and %B formats (month and abbreviated month name) ignore case when matching (#219).

  • Local (non-UTC) times with and without daylight savings are now parsed correctly (#120, @andres-s).

• parse_number() is a somewhat flexible numeric parser designed to read currencies and percentages. It only reads the first number from a string (using the grouping mark defined by the locale).

• parse_numeric() has been deprecated because the name is confusing - it's a flexible number parser, not a parser of "numerics", as R collectively calls doubles and integers. Use parse_number() instead.

As well as improvements to the parser, I've also made a number of tweaks to the heuristics that readr uses to guess column types:

• New parse_guess() and col_guess() to explicitly guess column type.

• Bumped up row inspection for column typing guessing from 100 to 1000.

• The heuristics for guessing col_integer() and col_double() are stricter. Numbers with leading zeros now default to being parsed as text, rather than as integers/doubles (#266).

• A column is guessed as col_number() only if it parses as a regular number when you ignoring the grouping marks.

Minor improvements and bug fixes

• Now use R's platform independent iconv wrapper, thanks to BDR (#149).

• Pathological zero row inputs (due to empty input, skip or n_max) now return zero row data frames (#119).

• When guessing field types, and there's no information to go on, use character instead of logical (#124, #128).

• Concise col_types specification now understands ? (guess) and - (skip) (#188).

• count_fields() starts counting from 1, not 0 (#200).

• format_csv() and format_delim() make it easy to render a csv or delimited file into a string.

• fwf_empty() now works correctly when col_names supplied (#186, #222).

• parse_*() gains a na argument that allows you to specify which values should be converted to missing.

• problems() now reports column names rather than column numbers (#143). Whenever there is a problem, the first five problems are printing out in a warning message, so you can more easily see what's wrong.

• read_*() throws a warning instead of an error is col_types specifies a non-existent column (#145, @alyst).

• read_*() can read from a remote gz compressed file (#163).

• read_delim() defaults to escape_backslash = FALSE and escape_double = TRUE for consistency. n_max also affects the number of rows read to guess the column types (#224).

• read_lines() gains a progress bar. It now also correctly checks for interrupts every 500,000 lines so you can interrupt long running jobs. It also correctly estimates the number of lines in the file, considerably speeding up the reading of large files (60s -> 15s for a 1.5 Gb file).

• read_lines_raw() allows you to read a file into a list of raw vectors, one element for each line.

• type_convert() gains NA and trim_ws arguments, and removes missing values before determining column types.

• write_csv(), write_delim(), and write_rds() all invisably return their input so you can use them in a pipe (#290).

• write_delim() generalises write_csv() to write any delimited format (#135). write_tsv() is a helpful wrapper for tab separated files.

  • Quotes are only used when they're needed (#116): when the string contains a quote, the delimiter, a new line or NA.

  • Double vectors are saved using same amount of precision as as.character() (#117).

  • New na argument that specifies how missing values should be written (#187)

  • POSIXt vectors are saved in a ISO8601 compatible format (#134).

  • No longer fails silently if it can't open the target for writing (#193, #172).

• write_rds() and read_rds() wrap around readRDS() and saveRDS(), defaulting to no compression (#140, @nicolasCoutin).