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read_excel.html
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<title>Read xls and xlsx files. — read_excel • readxl</title>
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<h1>Read xls and xlsx files.</h1>
</div>
<p>Read xls and xlsx files.</p>
<p>While <code>read_excel()</code> auto detects the format from the file
extension, <code>read_xls()</code> and <code>read_xlsx()</code> can be used to
read files without extension.</p>
<pre><span class='fu'>read_excel</span>(<span class='no'>path</span>, <span class='kw'>sheet</span> <span class='kw'>=</span> <span class='kw'>NULL</span>, <span class='kw'>range</span> <span class='kw'>=</span> <span class='kw'>NULL</span>, <span class='kw'>col_names</span> <span class='kw'>=</span> <span class='fl'>TRUE</span>,
<span class='kw'>col_types</span> <span class='kw'>=</span> <span class='kw'>NULL</span>, <span class='kw'>na</span> <span class='kw'>=</span> <span class='st'>""</span>, <span class='kw'>trim_ws</span> <span class='kw'>=</span> <span class='fl'>TRUE</span>, <span class='kw'>skip</span> <span class='kw'>=</span> <span class='fl'>0</span>, <span class='kw'>n_max</span> <span class='kw'>=</span> <span class='fl'>Inf</span>,
<span class='kw'>guess_max</span> <span class='kw'>=</span> <span class='fu'>min</span>(<span class='fl'>1000</span>, <span class='no'>n_max</span>))
<span class='fu'>read_xls</span>(<span class='no'>path</span>, <span class='kw'>sheet</span> <span class='kw'>=</span> <span class='kw'>NULL</span>, <span class='kw'>range</span> <span class='kw'>=</span> <span class='kw'>NULL</span>, <span class='kw'>col_names</span> <span class='kw'>=</span> <span class='fl'>TRUE</span>,
<span class='kw'>col_types</span> <span class='kw'>=</span> <span class='kw'>NULL</span>, <span class='kw'>na</span> <span class='kw'>=</span> <span class='st'>""</span>, <span class='kw'>trim_ws</span> <span class='kw'>=</span> <span class='fl'>TRUE</span>, <span class='kw'>skip</span> <span class='kw'>=</span> <span class='fl'>0</span>, <span class='kw'>n_max</span> <span class='kw'>=</span> <span class='fl'>Inf</span>,
<span class='kw'>guess_max</span> <span class='kw'>=</span> <span class='fu'>min</span>(<span class='fl'>1000</span>, <span class='no'>n_max</span>))
<span class='fu'>read_xlsx</span>(<span class='no'>path</span>, <span class='kw'>sheet</span> <span class='kw'>=</span> <span class='kw'>NULL</span>, <span class='kw'>range</span> <span class='kw'>=</span> <span class='kw'>NULL</span>, <span class='kw'>col_names</span> <span class='kw'>=</span> <span class='fl'>TRUE</span>,
<span class='kw'>col_types</span> <span class='kw'>=</span> <span class='kw'>NULL</span>, <span class='kw'>na</span> <span class='kw'>=</span> <span class='st'>""</span>, <span class='kw'>trim_ws</span> <span class='kw'>=</span> <span class='fl'>TRUE</span>, <span class='kw'>skip</span> <span class='kw'>=</span> <span class='fl'>0</span>, <span class='kw'>n_max</span> <span class='kw'>=</span> <span class='fl'>Inf</span>,
<span class='kw'>guess_max</span> <span class='kw'>=</span> <span class='fu'>min</span>(<span class='fl'>1000</span>, <span class='no'>n_max</span>))</pre>
<h2 class="hasAnchor" id="arguments"><a class="anchor" href="#arguments"></a> Arguments</h2>
<table class="ref-arguments">
<colgroup><col class="name" /><col class="desc" /></colgroup>
<tr>
<th>path</th>
<td><p>Path to the xls/xlsx file</p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th>sheet</th>
<td><p>Sheet to read. Either a string (the name of a sheet), or an
integer (the position of the sheet). Ignored if the sheet is specified via
<code>range</code>. If neither argument specifies the sheet, defaults to the first
sheet.</p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th>range</th>
<td><p>A cell range to read from, as described in <a href='cell-specification.html'>cell-specification</a>.
Includes typical Excel ranges like "B3:D87", possibly including the sheet
name like "Budget!B2:G14", and more. Interpreted strictly, even if the
range forces the inclusion of leading or trailing empty rows or columns.
Takes precedence over <code>skip</code>, <code>n_max</code> and <code>sheet</code>.</p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th>col_names</th>
<td><p><code>TRUE</code> to use the first row as column names, <code>FALSE</code> to get
default names, or a character vector giving a name for each column. If user
provides <code>col_types</code> as a vector, <code>col_names</code> can have one entry per
column, i.e. have the same length as <code>col_types</code>, or one entry per
unskipped column.</p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th>col_types</th>
<td><p>Either <code>NULL</code> to guess all from the spreadsheet or a
character vector containing one entry per column from these options:
"skip", "guess", "logical", "numeric", "date", "text" or "list". If exactly
one <code>col_type</code> is specified, it will be recycled. The content of a cell in
a skipped column is never read and that column will not appear in the data
frame output. A list cell loads a column as a list of length 1 vectors,
which are typed using the type guessing logic from <code>col_types = NULL</code>, but
on a cell-by-cell basis.</p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th>na</th>
<td><p>Character vector of strings to use for missing values. By default,
readxl treats blank cells as missing data.</p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th>trim_ws</th>
<td><p>Should leading and trailing whitespace be trimmed?</p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th>skip</th>
<td><p>Minimum number of rows to skip before reading anything, be it
column names or data. Leading empty rows are automatically skipped, so this
is a lower bound. Ignored if <code>range</code> is given.</p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th>n_max</th>
<td><p>Maximum number of data rows to read. Trailing empty rows are
automatically skipped, so this is an upper bound on the number of rows in
the returned tibble. Ignored if <code>range</code> is given.</p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th>guess_max</th>
<td><p>Maximum number of data rows to use for guessing column
types.</p></td>
</tr>
</table>
<h2 class="hasAnchor" id="value"><a class="anchor" href="#value"></a>Value</h2>
<p>A <a href='http://www.rdocumentation.org/packages/tibble/topics/tibble-package'>tibble</a></p>
<h2 class="hasAnchor" id="see-also"><a class="anchor" href="#see-also"></a>See also</h2>
<p><a href='cell-specification.html'>cell-specification</a> for more details on targetting cells with the
<code>range</code> argument</p>
<h2 class="hasAnchor" id="examples"><a class="anchor" href="#examples"></a>Examples</h2>
<pre class="examples"><div class='input'><span class='no'>datasets</span> <span class='kw'><-</span> <span class='fu'><a href='readxl_example.html'>readxl_example</a></span>(<span class='st'>"datasets.xlsx"</span>)
<span class='fu'>read_excel</span>(<span class='no'>datasets</span>)</div><div class='output co'>#> # A tibble: 150 × 5
#> Sepal.Length Sepal.Width Petal.Length Petal.Width Species
#> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <chr>
#> 1 5.1 3.5 1.4 0.2 setosa
#> 2 4.9 3.0 1.4 0.2 setosa
#> 3 4.7 3.2 1.3 0.2 setosa
#> 4 4.6 3.1 1.5 0.2 setosa
#> 5 5.0 3.6 1.4 0.2 setosa
#> 6 5.4 3.9 1.7 0.4 setosa
#> 7 4.6 3.4 1.4 0.3 setosa
#> 8 5.0 3.4 1.5 0.2 setosa
#> 9 4.4 2.9 1.4 0.2 setosa
#> 10 4.9 3.1 1.5 0.1 setosa
#> # ... with 140 more rows</div><div class='input'>
<span class='co'># Specify sheet either by position or by name</span>
<span class='fu'>read_excel</span>(<span class='no'>datasets</span>, <span class='fl'>2</span>)</div><div class='output co'>#> # A tibble: 32 × 11
#> mpg cyl disp hp drat wt qsec vs am gear carb
#> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl>
#> 1 21.0 6 160.0 110 3.90 2.620 16.46 0 1 4 4
#> 2 21.0 6 160.0 110 3.90 2.875 17.02 0 1 4 4
#> 3 22.8 4 108.0 93 3.85 2.320 18.61 1 1 4 1
#> 4 21.4 6 258.0 110 3.08 3.215 19.44 1 0 3 1
#> 5 18.7 8 360.0 175 3.15 3.440 17.02 0 0 3 2
#> 6 18.1 6 225.0 105 2.76 3.460 20.22 1 0 3 1
#> 7 14.3 8 360.0 245 3.21 3.570 15.84 0 0 3 4
#> 8 24.4 4 146.7 62 3.69 3.190 20.00 1 0 4 2
#> 9 22.8 4 140.8 95 3.92 3.150 22.90 1 0 4 2
#> 10 19.2 6 167.6 123 3.92 3.440 18.30 1 0 4 4
#> # ... with 22 more rows</div><div class='input'><span class='fu'>read_excel</span>(<span class='no'>datasets</span>, <span class='st'>"mtcars"</span>)</div><div class='output co'>#> # A tibble: 32 × 11
#> mpg cyl disp hp drat wt qsec vs am gear carb
#> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl>
#> 1 21.0 6 160.0 110 3.90 2.620 16.46 0 1 4 4
#> 2 21.0 6 160.0 110 3.90 2.875 17.02 0 1 4 4
#> 3 22.8 4 108.0 93 3.85 2.320 18.61 1 1 4 1
#> 4 21.4 6 258.0 110 3.08 3.215 19.44 1 0 3 1
#> 5 18.7 8 360.0 175 3.15 3.440 17.02 0 0 3 2
#> 6 18.1 6 225.0 105 2.76 3.460 20.22 1 0 3 1
#> 7 14.3 8 360.0 245 3.21 3.570 15.84 0 0 3 4
#> 8 24.4 4 146.7 62 3.69 3.190 20.00 1 0 4 2
#> 9 22.8 4 140.8 95 3.92 3.150 22.90 1 0 4 2
#> 10 19.2 6 167.6 123 3.92 3.440 18.30 1 0 4 4
#> # ... with 22 more rows</div><div class='input'>
<span class='co'># Skip rows and use default column names</span>
<span class='fu'>read_excel</span>(<span class='no'>datasets</span>, <span class='kw'>skip</span> <span class='kw'>=</span> <span class='fl'>148</span>, <span class='kw'>col_names</span> <span class='kw'>=</span> <span class='fl'>FALSE</span>)</div><div class='output co'>#> # A tibble: 3 × 5
#> X__1 X__2 X__3 X__4 X__5
#> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <chr>
#> 1 6.5 3.0 5.2 2.0 virginica
#> 2 6.2 3.4 5.4 2.3 virginica
#> 3 5.9 3.0 5.1 1.8 virginica</div><div class='input'>
<span class='co'># Recycle a single column type</span>
<span class='fu'>read_excel</span>(<span class='no'>datasets</span>, <span class='kw'>col_types</span> <span class='kw'>=</span> <span class='st'>"text"</span>)</div><div class='output co'>#> # A tibble: 150 × 5
#> Sepal.Length Sepal.Width Petal.Length Petal.Width Species
#> <chr> <chr> <chr> <chr> <chr>
#> 1 5.1 3.5 1.4 0.2 setosa
#> 2 4.9 3 1.4 0.2 setosa
#> 3 4.7 3.2 1.3 0.2 setosa
#> 4 4.6 3.1 1.5 0.2 setosa
#> 5 5 3.6 1.4 0.2 setosa
#> 6 5.4 3.9 1.7 0.4 setosa
#> 7 4.6 3.4 1.4 0.3 setosa
#> 8 5 3.4 1.5 0.2 setosa
#> 9 4.4 2.9 1.4 0.2 setosa
#> 10 4.9 3.1 1.5 0.1 setosa
#> # ... with 140 more rows</div><div class='input'>
<span class='co'># Specify some col_types and guess others</span>
<span class='fu'>read_excel</span>(<span class='no'>datasets</span>, <span class='kw'>col_types</span> <span class='kw'>=</span> <span class='fu'>c</span>(<span class='st'>"text"</span>, <span class='st'>"guess"</span>, <span class='st'>"numeric"</span>, <span class='st'>"guess"</span>, <span class='st'>"guess"</span>))</div><div class='output co'>#> # A tibble: 150 × 5
#> Sepal.Length Sepal.Width Petal.Length Petal.Width Species
#> <chr> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <chr>
#> 1 5.1 3.5 1.4 0.2 setosa
#> 2 4.9 3.0 1.4 0.2 setosa
#> 3 4.7 3.2 1.3 0.2 setosa
#> 4 4.6 3.1 1.5 0.2 setosa
#> 5 5 3.6 1.4 0.2 setosa
#> 6 5.4 3.9 1.7 0.4 setosa
#> 7 4.6 3.4 1.4 0.3 setosa
#> 8 5 3.4 1.5 0.2 setosa
#> 9 4.4 2.9 1.4 0.2 setosa
#> 10 4.9 3.1 1.5 0.1 setosa
#> # ... with 140 more rows</div><div class='input'>
<span class='co'># Accomodate a column with disparate types via col_type = "list"</span>
<span class='no'>df</span> <span class='kw'><-</span> <span class='fu'>read_excel</span>(<span class='fu'><a href='readxl_example.html'>readxl_example</a></span>(<span class='st'>"clippy.xlsx"</span>), <span class='kw'>col_types</span> <span class='kw'>=</span> <span class='fu'>c</span>(<span class='st'>"text"</span>, <span class='st'>"list"</span>))
<span class='no'>df</span></div><div class='output co'>#> # A tibble: 4 × 2
#> name value
#> <chr> <list>
#> 1 Name <chr [1]>
#> 2 Species <chr [1]>
#> 3 Approx date of death <dttm [1]>
#> 4 Weight in grams <dbl [1]></div><div class='input'><span class='no'>df</span>$<span class='no'>value</span></div><div class='output co'>#> [[1]]
#> [1] "Clippy"
#>
#> [[2]]
#> [1] "paperclip"
#>
#> [[3]]
#> [1] "2007-01-01 UTC"
#>
#> [[4]]
#> [1] 0.9
#> </div><div class='input'><span class='fu'>sapply</span>(<span class='no'>df</span>$<span class='no'>value</span>, <span class='no'>class</span>)</div><div class='output co'>#> [[1]]
#> [1] "character"
#>
#> [[2]]
#> [1] "character"
#>
#> [[3]]
#> [1] "POSIXct" "POSIXt"
#>
#> [[4]]
#> [1] "numeric"
#> </div><div class='input'>
<span class='co'># Limit the number of data rows read</span>
<span class='fu'>read_excel</span>(<span class='no'>datasets</span>, <span class='kw'>n_max</span> <span class='kw'>=</span> <span class='fl'>3</span>)</div><div class='output co'>#> # A tibble: 3 × 5
#> Sepal.Length Sepal.Width Petal.Length Petal.Width Species
#> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <chr>
#> 1 5.1 3.5 1.4 0.2 setosa
#> 2 4.9 3.0 1.4 0.2 setosa
#> 3 4.7 3.2 1.3 0.2 setosa</div><div class='input'>
<span class='co'># Read from an Excel range using A1 or R1C1 notation</span>
<span class='fu'>read_excel</span>(<span class='no'>datasets</span>, <span class='kw'>range</span> <span class='kw'>=</span> <span class='st'>"C1:E7"</span>)</div><div class='output co'>#> # A tibble: 6 × 3
#> Petal.Length Petal.Width Species
#> <dbl> <dbl> <chr>
#> 1 1.4 0.2 setosa
#> 2 1.4 0.2 setosa
#> 3 1.3 0.2 setosa
#> 4 1.5 0.2 setosa
#> 5 1.4 0.2 setosa
#> 6 1.7 0.4 setosa</div><div class='input'><span class='fu'>read_excel</span>(<span class='no'>datasets</span>, <span class='kw'>range</span> <span class='kw'>=</span> <span class='st'>"R1C2:R2C5"</span>)</div><div class='output co'>#> # A tibble: 1 × 4
#> Sepal.Width Petal.Length Petal.Width Species
#> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <chr>
#> 1 3.5 1.4 0.2 setosa</div><div class='input'>
<span class='co'># Specify the sheet as part of the range</span>
<span class='fu'>read_excel</span>(<span class='no'>datasets</span>, <span class='kw'>range</span> <span class='kw'>=</span> <span class='st'>"mtcars!B1:D5"</span>)</div><div class='output co'>#> # A tibble: 4 × 3
#> cyl disp hp
#> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl>
#> 1 6 160 110
#> 2 6 160 110
#> 3 4 108 93
#> 4 6 258 110</div><div class='input'>
<span class='co'># Read only specific rows or columns</span>
<span class='fu'>read_excel</span>(<span class='no'>datasets</span>, <span class='kw'>range</span> <span class='kw'>=</span> <span class='fu'><a href='cell-specification.html'>cell_rows</a></span>(<span class='fl'>102</span>:<span class='fl'>151</span>), <span class='kw'>col_names</span> <span class='kw'>=</span> <span class='fl'>FALSE</span>)</div><div class='output co'>#> # A tibble: 50 × 5
#> X__1 X__2 X__3 X__4 X__5
#> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <chr>
#> 1 6.3 3.3 6.0 2.5 virginica
#> 2 5.8 2.7 5.1 1.9 virginica
#> 3 7.1 3.0 5.9 2.1 virginica
#> 4 6.3 2.9 5.6 1.8 virginica
#> 5 6.5 3.0 5.8 2.2 virginica
#> 6 7.6 3.0 6.6 2.1 virginica
#> 7 4.9 2.5 4.5 1.7 virginica
#> 8 7.3 2.9 6.3 1.8 virginica
#> 9 6.7 2.5 5.8 1.8 virginica
#> 10 7.2 3.6 6.1 2.5 virginica
#> # ... with 40 more rows</div><div class='input'><span class='fu'>read_excel</span>(<span class='no'>datasets</span>, <span class='kw'>range</span> <span class='kw'>=</span> <span class='fu'><a href='cell-specification.html'>cell_cols</a></span>(<span class='st'>"B:D"</span>))</div><div class='output co'>#> # A tibble: 150 × 3
#> Sepal.Width Petal.Length Petal.Width
#> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl>
#> 1 3.5 1.4 0.2
#> 2 3.0 1.4 0.2
#> 3 3.2 1.3 0.2
#> 4 3.1 1.5 0.2
#> 5 3.6 1.4 0.2
#> 6 3.9 1.7 0.4
#> 7 3.4 1.4 0.3
#> 8 3.4 1.5 0.2
#> 9 2.9 1.4 0.2
#> 10 3.1 1.5 0.1
#> # ... with 140 more rows</div></pre>
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<h2>Contents</h2>
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<li><a href="#arguments">Arguments</a></li>
<li><a href="#value">Value</a></li>
<li><a href="#see-also">See also</a></li>
<li><a href="#examples">Examples</a></li>
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