Math::Bacovia is a symbolic math library, with support for numerical evaluation (including support for complex numbers).
use 5.014;
use Math::Bacovia qw(:all);
my $x = Symbol('x');
my $y = Symbol('y');
say $x+$y; #=> Sum(Symbol("x"), Symbol("y"))
say $x-$y; #=> Difference(Symbol("x"), Symbol("y"))
say $x*$y; #=> Product(Symbol("x"), Symbol("y"))
say $x/$y; #=> Fraction(Symbol("x"), Symbol("y"))
say $x**$y; #=> Power(Symbol("x"), Symbol("y"))
say Log($x); #=> Log(Symbol("x"))
say Log($x)+Log($y); #=> Log(Product(Symbol("x"), Symbol("y")))
say Exp($x); #=> Exp(Symbol("x"))
say Exp($x)*Exp($y); #=> Exp(Sum(Symbol("x"), Symbol("y")))
say "\n=> Sum:";
my $sum = Fraction(0, 1);
for my $n (1..10) {
$sum += Fraction(1, $n);
}
say $sum; #=> Fraction(10628640, 3628800)
say $sum->numeric; #=> 7381/2520
say "\n=> Product:";
my $prod = Product();
for my $n (1..3) {
$prod *= Exp(Fraction(1, $n));
}
say $prod->pretty; #=> (exp(1) * exp(1/2) * exp(1/3))
say $prod->simple->pretty; #=> exp(11/6)
say $prod->numeric; #=> 6.25470095193632871640207...
say "\n=> Alternative representations:";
say join ', ', Power(3, 5)->alternatives(full => 1); #=> Power(3, 5), Exp(Product(Log(3), 5)), 243The types supported by this library are described bellow:
Represents a symbolic value. Optionally, it can have a numerical value (or any other value).
Represents a numerical value.
Represents a symbolic fraction.
Represents a symbolic subtraction.
Represents a symbolic exponentiation in a symbolic base.
Represents the natural logarithm of a symbolic value.
Represents the natural exponentiation of a symbolic value.
Represents a summation of an arbitrary (finite) number of symbolic values.
Represents a product of an arbitrary (finite) number of symbolic values.
An interesting feature is the support for alternative representations (provided by the method alternatives()),
which uses common mathematical identities to create symbolically equivalent expressions from the self-expression.
Bellow we describe the special methods provided by this library:
Returns a list with alternative representations from the self-expression.
Example:
say for Exp(Log(Fraction(1,3)) * 2)->alternatives;Output:
Exp(Product(2, Log(Fraction(1, 3))))
Power(Fraction(1, 3), 2)
Exp(Product(2, Log(1/3)))
Power(1/3, 2)The options supported by this method are:
log => 1, # will try to generate logarithmic alternatives
full => 1, # will try to generate more alternatives (it may be slow)The options can be provided as:
$obj->alternatives(
full => 1,
log => 1,
);Example:
say for Power(3, 5)->alternatives(full => 1);Output:
Power(3, 5)
Exp(Product(Log(3), 5))
243WARNING: The number of alternative representations grows exponentially! For non-trivial expressions, this process may take a very long time and use lots of memory. In combination with the B option (set to a true value), the returned list may contain hundreds of even thousands of alternative representations.
Returns a simplification of the self-expression.
say Exp(Log(Log(Exp(Exp(Log(Symbol('x')))))))->simple;Output:
Symbol("x")Accepts the same options as the alternatives() method.
Returns an expanded version of the self-expression.
say Power(Fraction(5, 7), Fraction(1, 3))->expand(full => 1);Output:
Exp(Product(Log(Fraction(5, 7)), Fraction(1, 3)))Accepts the same options as the alternatives() method.
Returns a human-readable stringification of the self-expression.
say Power(3, Log(Fraction(1, 2)))->pretty;Output:
3^log(1/2)Evaluates the self-expression numerically and returns the result as a Math::AnyNum object.
my $x = Symbol('x', 13);
my $expr = ($x**2 - $x + 41);
say $expr->numeric; #=> 197Math::Bacovia requires the following modules:
To install this module, run the following commands:
perl Build.PL
./Build
./Build test
./Build install
After installing, you can find documentation for this module with the perldoc command.
perldoc Math::Bacovia
You can also look for information at:
Copyright (C) 2017-2019 Daniel Șuteu
This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the the Artistic License (2.0). You may obtain a copy of the full license at:
http://www.perlfoundation.org/artistic_license_2_0
Any use, modification, and distribution of the Standard or Modified Versions is governed by this Artistic License. By using, modifying or distributing the Package, you accept this license. Do not use, modify, or distribute the Package, if you do not accept this license.
If your Modified Version has been derived from a Modified Version made by someone other than you, you are nevertheless required to ensure that your Modified Version complies with the requirements of this license.
This license does not grant you the right to use any trademark, service mark, tradename, or logo of the Copyright Holder.
This license includes the non-exclusive, worldwide, free-of-charge patent license to make, have made, use, offer to sell, sell, import and otherwise transfer the Package with respect to any patent claims licensable by the Copyright Holder that are necessarily infringed by the Package. If you institute patent litigation (including a cross-claim or counterclaim) against any party alleging that the Package constitutes direct or contributory patent infringement, then this Artistic License to you shall terminate on the date that such litigation is filed.
Disclaimer of Warranty: THE PACKAGE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDER AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS' AND WITHOUT ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES. THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, OR NON-INFRINGEMENT ARE DISCLAIMED TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY YOUR LOCAL LAW. UNLESS REQUIRED BY LAW, NO COPYRIGHT HOLDER OR CONTRIBUTOR WILL BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THE PACKAGE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.