adding postgres detector (#2108)

* adding postgres detector

---------

Co-authored-by: Chair <chair@Chairs-MacBook-Pro.local>
Co-authored-by: ahmed <ahmed.zahran@trufflesec.com>

pkg/detectors/postgres/postgres.go

@@ -0,0 +1,254 @@
+package postgres
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"database/sql"
+	"fmt"
+	"net/url"
+	"regexp"
+	"strings"
+	"time"
+
+	_ "github.com/lib/pq" // PostgreSQL driver
+	"github.com/trufflesecurity/trufflehog/v3/pkg/detectors"
+	"github.com/trufflesecurity/trufflehog/v3/pkg/pb/detectorspb"
+)
+
+const (
+	defaultPort = "5432"
+	defaultHost = "localhost"
+)
+
+var (
+	_               detectors.Detector = (*Scanner)(nil)
+	uriPattern                         = regexp.MustCompile(`\b(?i)postgresql://[\S]+\b`)
+	hostnamePattern                    = regexp.MustCompile(`(?i)(?:host|server|address).{0,40}?(\b[a-zA-Z0-9](?:[a-zA-Z0-9-]{0,61}[a-zA-Z0-9])?(?:\.[a-zA-Z0-9](?:[a-zA-Z0-9-]{0,61}[a-zA-Z0-9])?)*\b)`)
+	portPattern                        = regexp.MustCompile(`(?i)(?:port|p).{0,40}?(\b[0-9]{1,5}\b)`)
+	usernamePattern                    = regexp.MustCompile(`(?im)(?:user|usr)\S{0,40}?[:=\s]{1,3}[ '"=]{0,1}([^:'"\s]{4,40})`)
+	passwordPattern                    = regexp.MustCompile(`(?im)(?:pass)\S{0,40}?[:=\s]{1,3}[ '"=]{0,1}([^:'"\s]{4,40})`)
+)
+
+type Scanner struct{}
+
+func (s Scanner) Keywords() []string {
+	return []string{"postgres", "psql", "pghost"}
+}
+
+func (s Scanner) FromData(ctx context.Context, verify bool, data []byte) ([]detectors.Result, error) {
+	var results []detectors.Result
+	var pgURLs []url.URL
+	pgURLs = append(pgURLs, findUriMatches(string(data)))
+	pgURLs = append(pgURLs, findComponentMatches(verify, string(data))...)
+
+	for _, pgURL := range pgURLs {
+		if pgURL.User == nil {
+			continue
+		}
+		username := pgURL.User.Username()
+		password, _ := pgURL.User.Password()
+		hostport := pgURL.Host
+		result := detectors.Result{
+			DetectorType: detectorspb.DetectorType_Postgres,
+			Raw:          []byte(hostport + username + password),
+			RawV2:        []byte(hostport + username + password),
+		}
+
+		if verify {
+			timeoutInSeconds := getDeadlineInSeconds(ctx)
+			isVerified, verificationErr := verifyPostgres(&pgURL, timeoutInSeconds)
+			result.Verified = isVerified
+			result.SetVerificationError(verificationErr, password)
+		}
+
+		if !result.Verified && detectors.IsKnownFalsePositive(password, detectors.DefaultFalsePositives, true) {
+			continue
+		}
+		results = append(results, result)
+	}
+
+	return results, nil
+}
+
+func getDeadlineInSeconds(ctx context.Context) int {
+	deadline, ok := ctx.Deadline()
+	if !ok {
+		// Context does not have a deadline
+		return 0
+	}
+
+	duration := time.Until(deadline)
+	return int(duration.Seconds())
+}
+
+func findUriMatches(dataStr string) url.URL {
+	var pgURL url.URL
+	for _, uri := range uriPattern.FindAllString(dataStr, -1) {
+		pgURL, err := url.Parse(uri)
+		if err != nil {
+			continue
+		}
+		if pgURL.User != nil {
+			return *pgURL
+		}
+	}
+	return pgURL
+}
+
+// check if postgres is running
+func postgresRunning(hostname, port string) bool {
+	connStr := fmt.Sprintf("host=%s port=%s sslmode=disable", hostname, port)
+	db, err := sql.Open("postgres", connStr)
+	if err != nil {
+		return false
+	}
+	defer db.Close()
+	return true
+}
+
+func findComponentMatches(verify bool, dataStr string) []url.URL {
+	usernameMatches := usernamePattern.FindAllStringSubmatch(dataStr, -1)
+	passwordMatches := passwordPattern.FindAllStringSubmatch(dataStr, -1)
+	hostnameMatches := hostnamePattern.FindAllStringSubmatch(dataStr, -1)
+	portMatches := portPattern.FindAllStringSubmatch(dataStr, -1)
+
+	var pgURLs []url.URL
+
+	hosts := findHosts(verify, hostnameMatches, portMatches)
+
+	for _, username := range dedupMatches(usernameMatches) {
+		for _, password := range dedupMatches(passwordMatches) {
+			for _, host := range hosts {
+				hostname, port := strings.Split(host, ":")[0], strings.Split(host, ":")[1]
+				if combinedLength := len(username) + len(password) + len(hostname); combinedLength > 255 {
+					continue
+				}
+				postgresURL := url.URL{
+					Scheme: "postgresql",
+					User:   url.UserPassword(username, password),
+					Host:   fmt.Sprintf("%s:%s", hostname, port),
+				}
+				pgURLs = append(pgURLs, postgresURL)
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	return pgURLs
+}
+
+// if verification is turned on, and we can confirm that postgres is running on at least one host,
+// return only hosts where it's running. otherwise return all hosts.
+func findHosts(verify bool, hostnameMatches, portMatches [][]string) []string {
+	hostnames := dedupMatches(hostnameMatches)
+	ports := dedupMatches(portMatches)
+	var hosts []string
+
+	if len(hostnames) < 1 {
+		hostnames = append(hostnames, defaultHost)
+	}
+
+	if len(ports) < 1 {
+		ports = append(ports, defaultPort)
+	}
+
+	for _, hostname := range hostnames {
+		for _, port := range ports {
+			hosts = append(hosts, fmt.Sprintf("%s:%s", hostname, port))
+		}
+	}
+
+	if verify {
+		var verifiedHosts []string
+		for _, host := range hosts {
+			parts := strings.Split(host, ":")
+			hostname, port := parts[0], parts[1]
+			if postgresRunning(hostname, port) {
+				verifiedHosts = append(verifiedHosts, host)
+			}
+		}
+		if len(verifiedHosts) > 0 {
+			return verifiedHosts
+		}
+	}
+
+	return hosts
+}
+
+// deduplicate matches in order to reduce the number of verification requests
+func dedupMatches(matches [][]string) []string {
+	setOfMatches := make(map[string]struct{})
+	for _, match := range matches {
+		if len(match) > 1 {
+			setOfMatches[match[1]] = struct{}{}
+		}
+	}
+	var results []string
+	for match := range setOfMatches {
+		results = append(results, match)
+	}
+	return results
+}
+
+func verifyPostgres(pgURL *url.URL, timeoutInSeconds int) (bool, error) {
+	if pgURL.User == nil {
+		return false, nil
+	}
+	username := pgURL.User.Username()
+	password, _ := pgURL.User.Password()
+
+	hostname, port := pgURL.Hostname(), pgURL.Port()
+	if hostname == "" {
+		hostname = defaultHost
+	}
+	if port == "" {
+		port = defaultPort
+	}
+
+	sslmode := determineSSLMode(pgURL)
+
+	connStr := fmt.Sprintf("user=%s password=%s host=%s port=%s sslmode=%s", username, password, hostname, port, sslmode)
+	if timeoutInSeconds > 0 {
+		connStr = fmt.Sprintf("%s connect_timeout=%d", connStr, timeoutInSeconds)
+	}
+
+	db, err := sql.Open("postgres", connStr)
+	if err != nil {
+		if strings.Contains(err.Error(), "connection refused") {
+			// inactive host
+			return false, nil
+		}
+		return false, err
+	}
+	defer db.Close()
+
+	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), 1*time.Second)
+	defer cancel()
+
+	err = db.PingContext(ctx)
+	if err == nil {
+		return true, nil
+	} else if strings.Contains(err.Error(), "password authentication failed") || // incorrect username or password
+		strings.Contains(err.Error(), "connection refused") { // inactive host
+		return false, nil
+	}
+
+	// if ssl is not enabled, manually fall-back to sslmode=disable
+	if strings.Contains(err.Error(), "SSL is not enabled on the server") {
+		pgURL.RawQuery = fmt.Sprintf("sslmode=%s", "disable")
+		return verifyPostgres(pgURL, timeoutInSeconds)
+	}
+	return false, err
+}
+
+func determineSSLMode(pgURL *url.URL) string {
+	// default ssl mode is "prefer" per https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/libpq-ssl.html
+	// but is currently not implemented in the driver per https://github.com/lib/pq/issues/1006
+	// default for the driver is "require". ideally we would use "allow" but that is also not supported by the driver.
+	sslmode := "require"
+	if sslQuery, ok := pgURL.Query()["sslmode"]; ok && len(sslQuery) > 0 {
+		sslmode = sslQuery[0]
+	}
+	return sslmode
+}
+
+func (s Scanner) Type() detectorspb.DetectorType {
+	return detectorspb.DetectorType_Postgres
+}