docs(website): add version to header, and documented branch flow

[JoshuaKGoldberg]

PR Checklist

• Addresses an existing open issue: fixes Rule docs on website should show the latest version, not what's in the main branch #5939
• That issue was marked as accepting prs
• Steps in CONTRIBUTING.md were taken

Overview

Adds two pieces of info to help with versioning confusion:

• Adds the current package version to the header
• Documents the release flow in packages/website/README.md

Note that we actually already resolved #5939 internally with our branch deployment strategy. But that's in private repos and not explained publicly.

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✅ Successfully ran 47 targets

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[typescript-eslint]

Thanks for the PR, @JoshuaKGoldberg!

typescript-eslint is a 100% community driven project, and we are incredibly grateful that you are contributing to that community.

The core maintainers work on this in their personal time, so please understand that it may not be possible for them to review your work immediately.

Thanks again!

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