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af_rules
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//maintainer: Willem van der Walt
// email: wvdwalt@csir.co.za
// tel: +27 12 8413996
// Meraka Institute, CSIR
//With contributions by Christo de Klerk
// 2-letter groups for:
// aa, an, ba, be, de, ee, en, ge, in, ka, ko, ma, me, mi, mo, on, oo, op, pa, pe, pr, re, se, st, te, tr, ui, ve, vo, we
.group a
_C) a (Cie_ 'A:
ack (_ _^_EN //Jack and others.
@) a (Cisasie %a // fix a sound: akklimatisasie/meganisasie/penalisasie/polarisasie and many similar
@) a (Ciseer %a // fix a sound: akklimatiseer and many similar
@) a (Cisering %a // fix a sound: akklimatisering and many similar
a A:
AC) a (_ %a // short final a in words like: Eva/Pieta/(su)sara
%C) a (_ %a // short final a in words like: Bella/Betta/gogga
&k) a (_ a // short final a in words like: Kafka/wodka
s) ate (l %at@ //satelliet and compounds
C) a (rina %a //unstressed short a in carina tarina etc.
&b) a (_ %a // short final a: mamba and compounds/marimba/hamba
&d) a (_ %a // short, unstressed a after d at end of word: soda/padda... and compounds
i) a (_ %a // a short and unstressed in words ending in ia: laboratoria/millennia
&rm) a (_ %a // shorten a sound: Irma/karma/firma and compounds
&r) a (_ %a // short final a in words ending in -ra: infra/mantra/sentra, etc.
Cbr) a (_ A: // long a: blommetjies-/kantbra
&dr) a (_ A: // exceptwrds ending in -dra: ingedra/oorgedra, etc.
_) a (lA %a //short unstressed a for words starting with Al
i) a (tieC %a //words containing iatief/w short unstressed a
i) a (ties 'A: //words containing iaties has stressed long a
&vr) a (_ A: // and wrds ending in -vra: oorgevra/uitgevra/vasvra, etc.
&t) a (_N %a // short final a: basta/delta/junta/pasta/many names
a (C a
C) a (Csier %a // (ge)finansier/kassier
j) a (pan %a //japan first a sound and stress
C) abie 'A:bi
_) abo (C %abO // move default stress and fix a and o sounds: abominasie/abonnement/aborsie
_) a (bC %a // abdy/ablatief/ablusie/abstrak, etc.
_) a (bba a // restore default stress: (ge)abba/abbamandjie, etc.
abse (s %apsE // fix stress and e sound: abses/-se
abso (lu %aps%u // fix stress, b and o sounds: absolusie/absolute
_) adem A:d@m // fix e sound: ademhaling/ademloos/ademteug
@) adig 'A:d@x2 // misdadiger/gewelddadigheid/kragdadigheid
C) adiu (K A:diW // compounds of stadium/radium/radius
C) a (Cia_ A: // stadia and compounds/Nadia and similar
admi (r %atm%i // move default stress: admiraal and compounds
admi (ssie %atmi // fix stress and i sound: admissie and compounds
adolessen %ad%o@l@sEn // fix stress and vowel sounds: adolessent/-e/-agtig/adolessensie
ad (vies %at // move default stress: advies/-brief/-komitee and many similar
af (gunstig %af // move default stress: afgunstig/-e
aga (pant %ag%a // fix g sound and stress: agapant/-e and compounds
C) agie A:x2i
a (gitA %a // fix a sound: agitasie/(ge)agiteer
agte (losig %ax2t@ // move default stress: agtelosig/-e/-heid
agter (dogt %ax2t@r // move default stress: agterdogtig and derivatives
agtereen (volg %ax2t@r_%e@n // move default stress: agtereenvolgend/-e/-ens
agter (losig %ax2t@r // move default stress: agterlosig/-e/-heid
agter (oor %ax2t@r_ // move default stress: agteroor/-buig/-druk/-val, etc.
&) agtig 'ax2t@x2 // this string almost always carries stress on a
a (gurkie %a // fix stress and a sound: agurkie/-s and compounds
_C) ali (forni %al@ // stress and vowel sounds: (C/K)alifornië/-niese
ara (bi %arA: // fix 1st a sound and stress: Arabië/Arabies/-e
ara (bier %ar%a // Stress and a sounds: Arabier/-e
C) are (CA A:r@ // e sound: amptenaredom/blaredak/garebiltong/haredos/jarelange
K) ar (puis %ar // fix stress: (h)arpuis and compounds
Cel) ary ar'eI // move default stress: bedelary/bottelary/dobbelary/huigelary/smokkelary...
@@@smokkel) ary %ar%eI // default stress: diamant-/drank-/dwelm-/goud-/kokaïensmokkelary, etc.
amarula %am%arul%a // fix stress and a sounds: amarula and compounds
a (ment %a // shorten a sound: perkament/testament and compounds
arends A:r@nts_ // fix e sound: arendsoog/-kloue/-nes
argen (tA %arx2@n // move default stress: Argentinië/Argentyns/-e
a (riA 'A: // akwarium/barium/estuarium/herbarium/seminaria
a (ristokr %a // shorten 1st a: aristokrasie/-kraat/-krate/-kraties
arm (last %ar@-m // move default stress: armlastig/-e
C) asie 'A:si
@@@@) asie A:s%i
C%C) asie A:si // restore default stress: bok-/dikmelkkasie and similar
oub) asie A:si // restore default stress: oubasie/-s
@form) asie A:si // restore default stress to compounds ending in -formasie: graniet-/grond-/rotsformasie, etc.
gl) asie A:si // restore default stress: wyn-/sjampanjeglasie, etc.
pl) asie A:s%i // restore default stress: gemeenplasies/gemeenskapsplasies and similar
@sp) asie A:s%i // restore default stress: vloer/kantoorspasie/weggooispasie, etc.
Cst) asie A:si // restore default stress: brandweer/spoorwegstasie and similar
AAst) asie A:si // default stress: polisie/radio/televisie/uitsaaistasie, etc.
aspek %aspEk // fix stress and e sound: aspek/-te/-tief and compounds
assosi (A %as%o@S%i // fix stress and s sound: assosiasie/assosieer
a (CAA %a
d) a (goggen %a //saterdagoggend and friends
ah (C A: // lengthen a and drop h: Ahmed/Dahl/Mahler, etc.
a (hle_ A: // Nguni names and words: kahle/pahle
a (Cie A: // apies/middagslapie
a (Cy %a
a (CA A:
aka (de@ %ak@ // (sport-/leierskaps)akademie/akademies/akadeem/akademe
akkedi %ak@dI //akkedis and compounds
akkommo (d %ak%Om@ // fix stress and vowel sounds: akkommodasie/akkommodeer/-derend
a (kkoord %a // move default stress: akkoord/-e and compounds
akku (ra %ak%y // move default stress: akkuraat/akkurate
ako (Ciet %ak%u // fix stress and vowel sounds: akoliet/akoniet and compounds
akro (ba %akr%u // move default: akrobaat/-bate/-baties
ak (syn %ak // move default stress: aksyns and compounds
aktuari (A %akt%y%ar%i // fix stress and vowel sounds: aktuarieel/-ële
akwama (ryn %akw%am%a // move default stress: akwamaryn and compounds
_) a (kwat %a // move default stress: akwaties/-e
akware (l %akw%ar& // fix stress and e sound: akwarel/-le
ae A: //should be A:@ but sounds wrong
t) abel %ab&l //tabelopskrif temperatuurtabel etc.
spekt) abel 'A:b@l // respektabel/-e/-heid/-ste
t) abell %ab&l //tabelle fix double l
w) a (tering A: //watering exception to the rest
C) a (tering %a //short unstressed a before tering formatering etc. except watering
@C) a (tief %a // fix a sound: akkumulatief/negatief and many similar
@m) a (tiek %a // shorten a sound: diplomatiek/dogmatiek/problematiek/sistematiek/-e
tam) a (tiek A: // but fix stress and a sound: tamatiekelkie/-konfyt/-kultivar
@C) a (tiewe %a // fix a sound: konserwatiewe/putatiewe and many similar
_arC) ad (A 'A:d // Arcadia/arkadia/arkade/armada
ai aI
aine (_ _^_FR // words ending in aine are French: Verlainee/migraine, etc.
@) aire (_ _^_FR
adre (K %adrE // fix last e sound of adres as last part of compounds
adrena (li %adr@n%a // fix stress and vowel sounds: adrenalien and compounds
al (baster %al // move default stress: albaster and compounds
al (bino %al // move default stress: albino
alche (mi %alx2%e@ // move default stress: alchemis and derivatives/alchemie
aleksand (ry %al%Eks%and // fix stress and a and d sounds: aleksandryn/-e/-s
alex (a %al%Ekz // Alexander/Alexandra/Alexandria
alfabe (tK alfabE // fix stress and e sound: (vinger)alfabet/-te
alfabe (tA %alf%abe@ // fix stress and e sound: alfabeties/-e/alfabetiseer
alge (ryn %alx2@ // move default stress: Algeryn/-e/-s
alia A:l%i%a // fix stress and a sound: alias/-se/(inter )alia
_) ali (krA al%i // fix vowel sounds: alikreukel/alikruik/alikruk
al (jander %al // move default stress: aljander and compounds
alkohol alk%u%Ol // fix o sounds and drop h: alkohol/-is/-iste/-isme
alkohol (ieK %alk%uho@l // fix stress and 2nd o sound: alkoholies/-e
_) alle (C al@ // alledaags/e/allerhande
alle (mint %al@ // move default stress: allemintig/-e
_) a (llooi %a // move default stress: allooi(metaal/-silwer, etc.)
alma (nak %alm%a // move default stress: almanak/-ke and compounds
alogie alux2'i // genealogie/mineralogie and similar
alogies al'o@x2is // genealogies/mineralogies and similar
aloog al'o@x2 // genealoog/mineraloog and similar
aloë al'u@ // genealoë/mineraloë and similar
_) alom (@ al?Om // shorten a sound: alombekend, etc.
alu (minium %al%u // move stress: aluminium and compounds
_) al (we %al // stress: alweer/alwetend/-heid
amasone %am%aso@n@ // fix stress and vowel sounds: amasone/-rivier/-steen
ammo (niA %amo@ // fix stress and o sound: ammoniak and compounds/ammonium and compounds
_k) a (nA %a //kanon and others
apart %apart // fix stress: (bus-/klein)apartheid
aphro (dit %afr%u // fix stress and ph and o sounds: Aphrodite/-dities
_) a (po %a // apollo/apostel
apo (krieC %ap%u // fix stress and vowel sounds: apokrief/-iewe
a (politi %A: // lengthen a sound: apolitiek/apolities/-e
apolog (A %ap%Ol%ux2 // fix stress and vowel sounds: apologie/apologeer/-gering/-geties/-getika/-geet/-gete
C) ap (oor ap_ // fix stress and a sound: flap-/lap-/pap-/slapoor(hond)
C) ap (ore_ ap_ // fix a sound: flap-/lapore
aposto (lie %ap@sto@ // fix stress and vowel sounds: apostolies/-e
apoka (l %ap%Ok%a // fix stress and vowel sounds: apokalips/apokalipties/-e
appar (A %ap@r // apparaat/apparate and compounds
appli (kant %apl%i // fix stress: applikant/-e
appropri (A %apr%o@pr%i // fix stress and o sound: appropriasie/approprieer/appropriëring
appèl ap'&l
appen (diC %apEn // appendiks/-e/appendix
_) a (pC %a // april/apteek/apteker and compounds
_) app (A ap // restore default stress: appel and compounds
_) appel (ko@ %ap@l // move default stress: appelkoos/-konfyt/appelkose
appe (llA %ap@ // move default stress: appelliefie/-konfyt, etc./appellant/appelleer
arabe (sk %ar%abE // fix stress and vowel sounds: arabesk/-e
area A:ria // are0+a/kiesareas
arena (K+ %are@n%a // fix stress and vowel sounds: arena/-s and any compounds
are (olA %ar%i // fix and e sound: areola/-s
ar (gaï %ar // move default stress: argaïes/-e
arge (tip %arx2@ // move default stress: argetipe/argetipies/-e
arg (list %arx2 // move default stress: arglistig/-e/-heid
ar (moedig %ar // move default stress: armoedig/-e/-heid
arm (salig %ar@-m // move default stress: armsalig/-e/-heid/-ste
_) arte (ri %arte@ // fix stress and e sound: arterie/-ë/-s
_) asbes %asbEs // fix stress and e sound: asbes and many compounds
a (siel %a // shorten a sound and move default stress: asiel and compounds
asse (gaai %as@ // move default stress: assegaai/-e
assu (ran %as%W // move stress: assuransie and compounds
au aU // ??
atten (d at@n // compounds ending in bevattend etc.
attest (A %at%Est // fix stress: attesterend/-e
at (le %at // atleet and compounds
atle (tiek %atl@ // atletiek and compounds
_p) ad (A at //words starting with pad
austra %o@strA:
antering %ante@r@N //hantering in compounds
avon (t ,avOn //avontuur and friends
avontu (rier %av%Ont%y // fix stress: avonturier/-s and compounds
_) af (@P2 'af // afbreek/afdwaal/afdwing
C) afel (@ A:f@l // compounds starting with tafel/ontrafeling/uitrafeling
_) a (ffA %a // move default stress: affêre and compounds/affekteer
a (fflik %a // move default stress: affliksie/-s
affo (dil %af%u // fix stress and o sound: affodil/-le
affro (nt %afr%O // fix stress: affronteer/-tasie
afgee (+ 'afx2e@ // see rule: _) afge (@P4 afx2@
_) afge (@P4 'afx2@ // stress on 1st slb
afgryslik %afx2reIsl@k // move default stress: afgryslik and derivatives vs. afgrys/-e
af (hank %af // move default stress: afhanklik/-e/-heid, etc.
_) af (kerig %af // move stress: afkerig/-e/-heid
_) af (komstig %af // move default stress: afkomstig
afrik (aan %afr%ik // exception to af prefix and move stress to end
afrikane (K %afr%ikA:n@ // move stress to end: Afrikaner and compounds
afrika A:frika //Stress and 1st a sound: Afrika and compounds: Afrikatale/-state...
afro (dit %afr%u // alternate spelling: Afrodite/-dities
af (sigte %af // move default stress: afsigtelik/-e/-heid
af (skuw %af // move default stress: afskuwelik and derivatives vs afsku
afsonderl %afsOn@rl // stress, avoid af_ prefix and -lik suffix: afsonderlik/-e/-heid
afstootl %afsto@tl // move default stress: afstootlik/-e/-heid/-ste
af (sydig %af // fix stress: afsydig/-e/-heid
af (vallig %a // move default stress: afvallig/-e/-es/-heid
afwesig %afve@s@x2 // to steer clear of pre- and suffixes
af (wagten %af // move default stress: afwagtend/-e
agenda %ax2End%a // fix stress and 1st a sound: agenda/-s/-punt, etc.
age (rend %ax2e@ // fix stress and vowel sounds: agerend/-e
a (gonie %a // fix 1st a sound and move default stress: agonies/-e
agonie (_N %ax2%uni // move stress to end: agonie
agter (bak %ax2t@r // fix stress: agterbaks/-e/-heid
_) agter (en ''ax2t@r_ // force stress to 1st slb, insert short pause: agterent/-e
_) agterge (@P7 'ax2t@rx2@
agter (midda %ax2t@r // fix stress: agtermiddag/-s/agtermiddae
agterna ax2t@rn'A: // agterna/-kyk/-loop/-sit/-staar
agter (stall %ax2t@r // move default stress: agterstallig/-e/-heid
agter (uit %ax2t@r? // move default stress: agteruit/-boer/-gang/-ry...
agter (volg %ax2t@r // move default stress: agtervolg/-ers/-ing
_) agt (uur ax2t // restore default stress; exception to "tuur" rule: agtuur and compounds
a (djie aI
aen (tjie AIN
adjie AIci
atjie aIci
st) a (tist a //statistiek and friends
AC) adies 'A:dis // move default stress: nomadies/sporadiese
adjunk adj'WNk
a (dres a' // stress adres/se
// adresseer adrEs'e@r // stress
admini %atm@n@ // administrasie/administratief/administratiewe
agent %ax2Ent
aka (sia %akA: // fix stress and 2nd a sound: akasia/-s and compounds
_) a (ku %a // shorten a sound and move default stress: akute/-r
a (larm %a // shorten 1st a sound and fix stress: alarm and compounds
_) al (ewig %al; // shorten 1st a sound and move default stress: alewig/-e
algemeen 'alx2@m,e@n
a (lisme %a // short unstressed a: kannibalisme and similar
a (liteit %a // short unstressed a before liteit: munisipaliteit and many similar
alleen %ale@n // to handel stress in compounds with alleen
alle (nA %ale@ // fix stress and e sound: allenig and derivatives, eg. allenigheid/allener
aller (gie %al&r // fix stress: allergies/-e
aller (gie_N %al@r // fix stress and 1st e sound: allergie and compounds
_) a (llu %a // move default stress and shorten 1st a sound: allure/-s/alluin
alme (le alm@ // fix 1st e sound: almelee/almelewe
amandel am'and@l // amandel/s/-poeding/-tert...
ambu (l %amb%y // fix stress: ambulans and compounds/ambulant, etc.
_) am (A %am // amorfe/amok/amortisasie/amalgamasie
ambass (ade %amb%as // move default stress: ambassade and compounds
ambassa (deu %amb%as%a // move default stress: ambassadeur and compounds
amer (ik %ame@r // Amerika/Amerikaner
_) am (nA %am // amnestie/amnesie
_) amper amp@r // fix e sound in words like: amperbroekie/amperse/ampertjies
ampi (oen %amp%i // kampioen/sampioen and compounds
amu (CA %am%y // shorten a and move stress: amusant/amuseer/amulet/-te
ano (ni@ %an%u // fix stress and a sound: anoniem/-e/anonimiteit
_) ar (gi %ar // argief and compounds/argiewe
argitek %arx2%itEk // argitek and compounds/argitektuur
_) armes ar?m@s // fix e sound: armes/armesorg
_) ar (om %ar // aroma/aromaties
arres (_ %arEs // arres/huisarres
arre (stA %ar@ // arrestasie/arresteer
arro (g %ar%u // arrogant/-e/arrogansie
ar (seen %ar
arse (na %ars@ // move default stress: arsenaal/arsenale and compounds
arte (fak %art@ // move default stress: artefak/-te
ar (tikel %ar // stress: artikel and compounds
artiku %art%ik%y // stress and vowel sounds: artikulasie/artikuleer
@C) as (_ as // shorten final a of words ending in -as: rigtingvas/jonkmanskas, etc.
_) a (sië A: // fix stress and a sound: Asië/-r/-rs
_) a (strA %a // astrant/astrale/astraal
artille (rie %art@l@ // stress and vowel sounds: artillerie and compounds
asem A:s@m // asemgehaal/asemhaling/asemteug/ontwaseming
askari %askA:r%i // move default stress: askari/-'s
_) as (ke %as // move default stress: askeet/askete/asketies/askese
_) askite %askit@ // fix stress: askites(-punksie/-vog)
a (spersie %a // move default stress: aspersie and compounds
_) aspi (rA %asp%i // move default stress: aspirant/-e and compounds
asse (ssor %asE // fix stress and e sound: assessor/-lid/-lede/-skap
assist %as@st // assistent/e/assisteer
r) assis (K %asIs // rassis/-te/-ties/-me
atel (jee %at@L // fix vowel sounds and stress: ateljee and compounds
C) athe (rina %at@ // Catherina/Katherina
at (lant %at // move default stress: Atlanties/-e/Atlantis
atmo (sfe %atm%O // move default stress: atmosfeer/-feries/-e/atmosfere
atten (C at'En // attent/heid/onattent/attensies
a (tomA %a // fix stress and a sound: atome/(sub)atomies
@) ator (K 'A:tOr // katalisator/diktatorskap and many similar
@) atore (_ at'o@r@ // stress on penultimate: diktatore/kuratore, etc.
@) atories %at'o@ris // stress on -ories: diktatories/organisatories/resperatories, etc.
atrium A:triWm // fix a sound: atrium and compounds
atro (fie %atr%u // fix stress and o sound: (spier)atrofie
attaché _%at%aSe@ // correct pronunciation: (handels-/inligtings-)attaché
attrib (u %atr@b // move default stress: attribuut/bute/attributêr
K) au @U // trauma/-ties/Aucamp/Paul/-a/-us
auer aU@r //Sauer etc. fixed au and e sounds in compounds.
augustus %Ox2WstWs
avokado %af%ukA:du // stress and o sounds
avokade %af%ukA:d@ // variant form of avokado
C) a (xA+ a // shorten a before x: taxi and compounds/praxi/saxofoon
ay (_ _^_EN // words ending in ay are English
ays (_ _^_EN // words ending in ays are English
aë (robi %aI // move default stress: aërobies/-e
.group aa
aa A:
aai AI
aam (bors %A:m // move default stress: aamborstig/-e/-heid
aan (bid %A:n // move default stress: aanbid/-ding
aangee (+ 'A:nx2e@ // see rule: _) aange (@P5 A:nx@
_) aange (@P5 'A:nx2@ // added stress mark to ensure stress on aan
aandele A:nde@l@_ // fix e sound: aandeleaansoek/-belegging/-beurs/-mark/-oordrag, etc.
aandoenlik %A:ndunl@k // move default stress: aandoenlik and derivatives, vs. aandoen
aand (rok A:nt_ // fix d sound: aandrok/-ke/-kie
aand (rus A:nt_ // fix d sound: aandrus and compounds
aan (een %A:n? // stress and short break between slbs.: aaneen/-gestrengel
aan (g A:n // aangaan/aangaap/aangroei/aangryp
aan (grensen %A:n // move default stress: aangrensend/-e
aan (grypend %A:n // fix stress: aangrypend/-e
aan (hangig %A:n // move default stress: aanhangig vs. aanhang
aan (hank %A:n // move default stress: aanhanklik/-e/-heid
aan (houden %A:n // move default stress: aanhoudend/-e
aan (lok %A:n // move default stress: aanloklik/-heid
aan (lok_N A:n // restore default stress: aanlok
aan (meldba %A:n // move default stress: aanmeldbaar/-bare/-baarheid
aanneemlik %A:ne@ml@k // move default stress: aanneemlik/-e/-er/-heid/-ste
aannem (A A:ne@m // fix e sound: aanneming/aannemer/aannemeling and compounds
aan (pasba %A:n // move default stress: aanpasbaar/aanpasbare, etc.
aan (sien %A:n // stress on 2nd slb
aan (sien_N 'A:n // stress on 1st slb
aan (skou A:n' // stress aanskou/lik
aan (spreek %A:n // stress on 2nd slb.: aanspreeklik
aan (spreek_N A:n // stress on 1st slb.: aanspreek
aanste (llerig A:nst'& // aanstellerig/-e|-heid
aansterk 'A:nst&rk // aansterk/ing
aan (stAAC %A:n // stress on 2nd slb.: aanstootlik/aansteeklik
aan (stAAC_N A:n // stress on 1st slb.: aanstoot/aansteek
aan (tasb %A:n // stress: (on)aantasbaar/-bare
_) aantel A:nt&l // fix e sound: aantel/-lery
aantreklik %A:ntr&kl@k // move default stress: aantreklik/-heid
aan (trek_N A:n // restore default stress: aantrek
aan (vaar %A:n // aanvaar/de/baar
aan (vallAC %A:n // move default stress: aanvallend/aanvallig/-e
aan (valler A:n // but restore default stress: aanvaller/-s
aan (vank A:n' // stress aanvanklik/e
aan (vullend %A:n // move default stress: aanvullend/-e
aan (vegba %A:n // move default stress: aanvegbaar/-bare/-baarheid
aanwen (d 'A:nvEn // to correct pronunciation of e
aanwen (_ 'A:nvEn // to correct pronunciation of e in aanwen/aanwending
aan (wesig %A:n // move default stress: aanwesig/-e/-es/-heid
aan (djie AIN
aan (tjie AIN
aan (wysende_voorn %A:n // move default stress only in case of aanwysende voornaamwoord/-e
_) aard (o A:rt_ // fix d sound, insert short pause: aardolie/-oppervlak/-te
_) aard (r A:rt // fix d sound: aardroos/aardryk/-skunde
aadjie AIci
aatjie AIci
// The following are experimental nasalisation of aans:
aans (_ 'A~ns
aanse (_ 'A~ns@
.group an
anato (mie %an%at%u // move default stress: anatomie and compounds
anatomies %an%ato@m%is // fix stress: anatomies/-e
an (djie+ aIN
anek (dot %an%Ek // fix stress and vowel sounds: anekdote/-doties
ane (mo %an@ // fix stress and vowel sounds: anemoon/anemone
_) an (A %an //short a at word start
ange (lier %aN@ // angelier/-e and compounds
an (gina %aN // move default stress, fix n/g sounds: angina
_) angl (A %A~Nx2l% // anglikaans/anglisisme/anglofiel
angleer aNle@r // hangleer/slangleer and compounds
angola A~Nx2'o@la //Angola, Angolabos etc.
angol (e %A~Nx2%ul //Angolese etc.
angora %aNgO:r%a // angora(trui-/wol, etc.)
_) ann (a@ %an // move default stress: annaal/annale
g) an (_ _^_EN //if it ends in gan it is English
C) anette (_ %anEt // Janette/Sanette
ano (rak an%u // fix stress and vowel sounds: anorak/-ke
ano (rekC %an%u // fix stress and o sound: anoreksie(leier...)/anorekties/-e
anoma (lie %an%um%a // fix stress and vowel sounds: anomalie/-ë
anomalies %an%umA:lis // fix stress and vowel sounds: anomalies/-e
ansjovi anS''o@f@ // fix stress and o sound: ansjovis/-se/-smeer
an (tjie aIN
_) ana (C ,ana // words starting with ana starts destressed
_) an (emie %an // fix stress and a sound: anemies/-e
C) an (keer %an // move default stress: flankeer/frankeer and derivatives and compounds
ante (nnA %antE // fix stress and e sound: antenna/antenne
_) anti (CP4 %ant%i // anti- prefix: antisepties, etc.
antra (siet %antr%a // move default stress: antrasiet and compounds
@) antrope (_ antr'o@p@ // fix stress: (mis/fil)antrope, etc.
@) antropie (_N antrup'i // fix stress: (mis/fil)antropie, etc.
@) antropie antr'o@pi // fix stress: (mis/fil)antropies/-e
@) antroop antr'o@p // fix stress: (mis/fil)antroop, etc.
// The following are experimental nasalisation of ans
d) ans A~ns
fr) ans A~ns
h) ans A~ns
k) ans A~ns
l) ans A~ns
kr) ans A~ns
.group b
b b
b (b
b (_N p
b (eentjie++ b // exception to "bee" rule: beentjie/-s and compounds
bbe (rr b@ // fix e sound: rubberrand/-ranke/-ring/-roller, etc.
bobbe (j b%Ob@ //fix stress for bobbejaan and friends
boe (ddhi b%u // move default stress: Boedis/-te
bo (grond bo@ // fix 1st o sound: bogronds/-e
_) bo (kle bo@ // fix o sound: bokleed/boklere
bokma (kier b%Okm%a // fix stress and a sound: bokmakierie/-s/-tjie
bom (AA bOm_ // fix a sound, pause: bomaanval/-aanslag/-aard/-eenheid and compounds
bomaans bo@mA:ns // but fix O sound: bomaans/-e
bonde (C bOnd@ // verbondenheid/bondeldraer/gebondene/saambondelend
boos (aardig b%o@s_ // move default stress: boosaardig/-e/-heid
_) bor (dA@ b%Or // geborduur/bordeel/bordele
borde (r bOrd@ // fix stress and e sound: borderak/-ke
bos (A@ bOs? // bosaap/bosoorlog/bosuil
bo (skrif bo@ // fix o sound: boskrif/-te and compounds
bo (v bo@ // fix o sound: bovlak/-e and similar
bowen bo@v@n' // bowenal/bowendien
braille breI:l_ // braille/-boek/-drukker/-masjien...
brand (a brant_ // fix d sound: brandaltaar/brandarm, etc.
brand (o brant? // brandoefening/brandoffer/sonbrandolie
brand (r brant // fix d sound: sonbrandroom/brandroos, etc.
brasi (li br%asI // BrasiliëBrisiliaan/-s/-e
brav (A br%av // stress and v sound: bravade/bravo
bron (A@ brOn_ // fix o sound, pause: bronaar/-adres/-olie/hulp-/waterbronontwikkeling
bro (sju br%O // move default stress: brosjure/-s and compounds
_) byge (@P4 b'eIx2@
by (kom@ b%eI // bykomende/bykomstige
bibli (oC b@bl%i:% // biblioteek and compounds/biblioteke/bibliofiel/bibliografie...
bidd bId // biddag/aanbidding
_) bid bIt_ // biduur
_) bi (ga b%i // bigamie/-s/-e
bikini b@kini // move default stress: bikini and compounds
bil (j b@l // move default stress: biljet/-te/biljart/biljoen and compounds
billi (k bIl@ // prevent ll: (on)billik/-e/-heid
binne bIn@ // binnekom/binnelandse
bisan (tyn b%is%an // move default stress: Bisantyns/-e
bi (sar b%i // move default stress: bisar/-re
bi (za b%i // move default stress: bizar/-re
blad (A blat_ // fix d sound: blad(aar/-afdruk/-artikel/-ontwerp/-uitleg)
_) bla (me bl%a // fix e sound: blamerend/-e/blamering
bla (tant bl%a // shorten 1st a and move default stress: blatant/-e/-heid
_) blik (A blIk_ // fix i sound: blikaspaai/blikemmer/-s/blikoopmaker/-s/blikoor/blikore
bloe (ddors@ bl%u // bloeddorstig and derivatives, but bloeddors
bloed (skendig bl%ut // move default stress: bloedskendig/-e
bloed (stol bl%ut // move default stress: bloedstollend/-e
_) blo (kka bl%O // move default stress: blokkade/-s and compounds
_) blo (kkeer bl%O // move default stress: (ge)blokkeer/-der, etc.
blom (akker blOm_ // fix O sound, pause: blomakker/-s and compounds
blon (dine bl%On // move default stress: blondine/-s
bly (moed bl%eI // move default stress: blymoedig/-e/-heid
bo (botie b%u // fix stress and 1st o sound: bobotie and compounds
boeke (tK b%ukE //move default stress and fix 2nd e sound: boeket and compounds
boepens b''upe~ns // fix stress, nasal e: boepens and compounds
boere bu:r@ // many compounds with boere
boer (gond b%ur // fix stress: Boergondië/-gondies/-e
boer (in b%ur // move default stress: boerin/-ne
boe (tseer b%u // move default stress: boetseer and compounds
bo (haai b%u // fix stress and o sound: bohaai and compounds
bo (he b%u // fix stress: boheems/boheme
bok (ooi bOk_ // bokooi/e/ribbokooi/boerbokooi
_) bongo bONgu // fix g and o sounds: bongo and compounds: bongotromme
bonsmara b%OnsmA:r%a // move default stress: bonsmarabees/-bul/-koei
bosch (_ bOs // Rondebosch/Stellenbosch
bo (tanie b%o@ // stress on 2nd slb.: botanies/-e
bota (nie_N b%o@t%a // stress on 3rd slb.: botanie
_) bota (niCA bo@t''A: // fix stress: botanikus/botanici
boulevard bul@vard // boulevard/-s
_) bowe b''o@v@ // fix e sound in compounds: boweaards/bowemaans/bowetoon
_) breda br@dA: // move default stress: (van )Breda/Bredasdorp
breidel breId@l // fix e sound: (on)gebreidelde
_) briewe (C br''iv@ // fix stress and e sound: briewekolom/-literatuur/-redakteur/-tas
bril (jant br@l // move default stress: briljant/-e/-heid/-ste
bro (mi br%o@ // fix stress: bromide/bromied(papier)/silwerbromide/ied
bru (ta br%y // move default stress: brutaal/brutale/brutaliteit
buffe (t b%WfE // fix stress and e sound: buffet/-te/buffetete, etc.
buiten (ge b'Yyt@n // buitengewoon/s/buitengewone/buitengemeen
buiten (ste bYyt@n // restore default stress: buitenste/-s
buiten (t bYyt@n // restore default stress: buitentoe/buitentyds
buiten bYyt@n' // buitendien/buitensporig
buite bYyt@ // buitelandse/buitestander/buitewêreld/trekkerbuiteband
bul (ga b%ul // fix stress and u sound: Bulgaarse/Bulgare
bulle (tin b%ul@ // fix stress and u sound: bulletin and compounds
bur (lesk b%Wr // move default stress: burlesk/-e
buro b%yro@ // fix stress and o sound: burohoof and similar
bur (okra b%yr // fix stress for burokraat/-krate/-krasie/-kraties
@) bury (_ _^_EN // words ending in -bury are English: Canterbury/Salisbury/Bradbury...
bybel beIb@l // to correct pronunc. of e in compounds
byder (C@ b%eId@r // byderhand/-s/byderwets
by (een b%eI_ // move default stress: byeen/byeenkoms/-te, etc.
byge (lowi b%eIx2@ // move default stress: bygelowig/-e/-heid
_) by (telP2 b'eI // fix e sound: bytel/-ling/-lery
by (voorb b%eI// move default stress
bywoordeli b%eIvo@rd@l@ // move default stressa: bywoordelik/-e
.group ba
bagasie b@x2A:si // shorten 1st a: bagasie and compounds
@) baarlik b'A:rl@k // move default stress: wonderbaarlik/-e/-heid/-ste
bajone (t b%aj%unE // fix stress and vowel sounds: bajonet/-te and compounds
bakate (l b%ak@t& // fix stress and vowel sounds: bakatel/-le/-letjie
baken bA:k@n // fix e sound: afbakening and compounds
bakte (ri b%akte@ // fix stress and e sound: bakterie/-ë
_) bam (boes b%am // move default stress: bamboes/-e/bamboesfluit...
ba (nalA b%a // fix stress and 1st a sound: banale/banaliteit
band (Alier b,and // fix stress and d sound: band(e/o)lier/-e
band (A bant // fix t sound: bandomslag/-ontwerp/-opname
band (e band // fix d sound: bandeverkoper moterbande etc.
band (iet b%and // fix stress and d sound: bandiet/-e and compounds
ba (nier b%a // move default stress: banier/-e and compounds
ban (ket b%aN // move default stress: banket/-te/-saal, etc.
ban (kier b%aN // move default stress: bankier/-s and compounds
ban (krot b%aN // move default stress: bankrot and derivatives
barberton bA:b@rt%On // fix stress and a sound: Barberton/-lelies/-pad
@) ba (ren b'A: // onrusbarend/opsienbarend and derivatives
ba (retK b%a // move default stress and shorten a sound: baret/-te
ba (riton ba // shorten a sound: bariton and compounds
barok bar''Ok_ // fix stress and a sound: barok/-instrumente/-agtig
baro (meter bar%u // fix a and o sounds: barometer and compounds
ba (ron b%a // fix stress and a sound: baron/-ne and compounds
_) ba (sa b%a fix stress and 1st a sound: basalt and compounds
ba (sieli b%a // fix stress and 1st a sound: basielie/-kruit, etc.
basotho b%asut%u // fix stress and vowel sounds: Basotho/-0ponie and similar
basi (s bA:s@ // basis and compounds
bastille b%asti:l // Bastille and compounds like Bastilledag
batal (jon b%at%al // shorten 1st a sound, moved stress: bataljon and compounds
ba (tik b%a // fix stress and a sound: batik/-doek/-kuns/-werk
badjie baIci
baba bA:ba
baba (tjie bA:baI // fix 2nd a sound: babatjie/-s
_) bad (A bat_ // shorten a sound, pause: bad-/afloop/artikel/olie/oord/uitloop
bad (r bat // fix d sound: (swem)badrand/badroom
bahama b%ahA:m%a // fix 1st a sound and stress: Bahama/-s and compounds
baklei b@kleI // baklei/er
_) bak (o bak_ // fix a sound and stress: bakoor/bakore
balaklava b%al%aklA:v%a // fix stress, a and v sounds: balaklava and compounds
balaklawa b%al%aklA:v%a // fix stress and a sounds: balaklawa and compounds
ba (lans b%a // move default stress
balan (seer b%al%an // move stress to -eer
ba (ldadig b%a // move default stress: baldadig and derivatives
balhor b%alho@r // move default stress: balhorig and derivatives
ba (ljaar b%a // move default stress: baljaar and derivatives
balju b%aljy // move default stress: balju and compounds
ba (lkon b%a // move default stress: balkon and compounds
ballade b%alA:d@ // move default stress: ballade and compounds
baller (inA b%al@r // move default stress: ballerina/-o and compounds
balle (t b%alE // move default stress: ballet and compounds
ball (etjie+ bal // restore default stress: balletjie/-s
ba (llon b%a // move default stress: ballon and compounds
ballo (t b,alO // move default stress: ballotasie/balloteer
balsem bals@m // correct e sound in derivatives like balseming
bara (k bar'a
bar (bA b%ar // barbaar/barbare and derivatives/barbier and compounds
basi (lisk b%as@ // fix vowel sounds: basilisk/-e and compounds
bastion bastiOn // -tion not English: bastion/-s and compounds
_) bate b''A:t@ // fix stress and e sound: batefinansiering/-portefeulje and many others
batte (ry b%at@ // move default stress: battery/-e and compounds: batterysuur...
.group be
_) be (_ b@ // words broken at end of line: be-
be (amp b@? // fix e sound in compounds ending in beampte
beau b@U //Beaufortwes and others
@) beeldig b'e@ld@x2 // denkbeeldig/voorbeeldig
bei (+ beI // beier/beitel
_) be (@P2 b@
@) be (C b@
beige beI:Z // beige(kleurige)
_) beker (C@ b''e@k@r // fix stress and e sounds: bekerhouer/-kompetisie/-tjie/-vormig/-wedstryd/-wenner
beker (C@ be@k@r // fix e sound: Curriebekerwedstryd/-span
beker (AA be@k@r_ // fix stress and e sound: (wêreld)bekereindwedstryd
bene (dy b%e@n@ // fix stress and e sounds: gebenedy/-de
_) ben (ga b%EN // fix stress and n/g sounds: Bengaalse/Bengale
beni (g be@n@ // fix stress and e sound: (swaar/twee/vier)benig, etc.
_) ben (Cien b%En // fix 1st e sound: bensien/benzien and compounds
ber (lyn b%&r // move default stress: Berlyn/-er/-se
ber (serk b@r // fix stress and 1st e sound: berserk/-er
C) be (rsie b'&: //kombersie etc.
bene (r be@n@ //benerig/e
be (C%+ bE // beffie/bessie/bennie/bettie/blombeddings
bek (d b&k // fix e sound: eendbekdier/kortbekdolfyn/rooibekduifie/skinderbekdorp
re) be (lK+ b& // fix e sounds: rebel/-le/-lie
_) be (Cy b@ // bely/beny/betyds
bes (ie_ be@s //sonbesie duinebesie etc.
bes (ies_ be@s //sonbesies duinebesies etc.
son) be (sie be@ // fix e sound in compounds with sonbesie: sonbesiebos, etc.
beste (k b@st& // fix e sound: bestekopname and many compounds of bestek
bed (C bEt
bedjie bE:ici // (ge)bedjie/-s/bababedjie
bed (rand bEt // fix e and first d sounds
be (dr@ b@ // bedremmeld/bedrewe/bedrywig, etc.
bed (t bE // fix e and d sounds: bedtafeltjie/bedtyd
bedw (@ b@dw // bedwing and similar
bed (warm bEt // fix e, d and w sounds: bedwarmer/-s and compounds
bedw (ieg bEtv // fix e, d and w sounds: bedwieg/-ie/-s
bed (woord bEt // fix e, d and w sounds: sterfbedwoord/-e and similar
@) bed (_ bEt // bruidsbed/dubbelbed; many compounds ending in bed
be (de_ be@ // bede/gebede
bedes (_ be@d@s // bedes/seënbedes, etc.
bedel be@d@l // bedel/gebedel/bedelaar
bedeling b@de@l@N //bedeling and compounds
bede (str be@d@ // fix stress and e sounds: bedestring/-e and compounds
bedev be@d@f // bedevaart and compounds
beger (A b@x2e@r // begerig/begerend and compounds
behep b@hEp // fix e sound: mags-/seksbehepte/-heid and similar
bek (f b&k // fix stress and e sound: bekfluitjie/-s/-musiek, etc.
bek (m b&k // fix e sound: geelbekmalmot/langbekmaande/skeerbekmuis
bekk (+ b&k // exception to be (C%+ bE
bek (_ b&k // exception to be (C%+ bE
bek (h b&k // e sound: compounds of bek fld. by h: haasbekhond/skewebekhuisies
bek (s b&k // fix e sound in compounds like vuilbekspeurder/-s
beken b@kEn // 2nd e sound: oorbekend/welbekende
@) beker (_ be@k@r // compounds ending with -beker
@) beker (tjie be@k@r // compounds ending in -bekertjie
r) be (lK b&l // fix e sound: deurbel/oorbel
C) bel (_ b&l // fix e sound: inbel/rondbel/uitbel
CAb) be (l b@ // fix e sound: babbel/dobbel/dubbel/kabbel
bell (+ b&l // inbeller/oorbelle/seepbelle
ju) be (llA b@ // fix e sound: jubellied/-ere
_) bel (C b&l // Belgies/belhamel
bere (_ be@r@ //tediebere pandabere etc.
_) ber (C b&r // fix e sound: Bert/Berta/Bertie/Bertus/berke/-boom
beste (_ bEst@ // fix e sound: beste/allerbeste/naasbeste/-s
be (weging b@ // draaibeweging/swaaibeweging
bewende be@v@nd@ // first e pronounced long
bewe (rig be@v@ // fix e sound and stress: bewerig/-e/-heid
bewing be@v@N // (aard)bewing/s
@) bewys b@veIs // "be" in rybewys/lisensiebewys/geboortebewys
bee (+ be@
@) beer (_ b'e@r // absorbeer/inhibeer, etc.
%Ca) beer be@r // restore default stress: pappa-/mammabeer
teddie) beer be@r // restore default stress
ys) beer be@r // restore default stress
bede (Cf b@d& // bederf/bedelf
bende bEnd@ // bende and its many compounds
&b) bende b@nd@ // fix e sound of compounds ending in -hebbende: bewind-/maghebbende
@) bene (_ be@n@
bengel bEN@l // fix stress and e sounds: bengel/-end
bering b'e@r@N // ontbering/inhibering/inkubering
o) bering b@r@N // versobering
C) bering b@r@N // verorbering/versombering
ont) bering be@r@N // fix e sound in compounds like slaapontbering
skrob) bering b'e@r@N // skrobbering
beu (C bY@ // beur/beuke/beul
beuel bY@@l // beuel/-s/-blaser/-tas, etc.
besig be@s@x2
besig (tig b@sIx2 // fix stress and e sound: besigtig/-ing
bessie bEsi
berg b&rx2
berge b&rg@
_) berke b&rk@ // fix 2nd e in compoundslike: berketonnel
besem be@s@m
besering =b@se@r@N // besering/s/kniebesering...
bete (_ be@t@ // fix stress and e sound: (af)gebete/diabete
dia) betes (@ be@t@s // fix stress and e sound: diabetisleier/-middel, etc.
beter b'e@t@r
beties be@tis // fix e sounds: diabeties/-e
betlehe (m bEtl%i%E // fix stress and vowel sounds: Betlehem/-mer
bewe (knie be@v@ // fix 1st e sound and stress: beweknie/-ë
bewe (lip be@v@ // fix 1st e sound and stress: bewelip/-pe
bewe (rasie be@v@ // fix e sounds: bewerasie/-siekte
.group c
c k
c (c
calamari k%al%amA:r%i // fix stress and a sounds: calamari and compounds
cal (vA k%al // move default stress: Calvinia/Calvyn/-se
c (e s
c (i s
c (y s
ce (_ _^_EN // words ending in ce are English
cen (taurA s%En // move default stress: Centauri/Centaurus
ch x2
_) ch x2
chalet S%aleI // chalet/-s/bergchalet
cha (risma k%a // fix stress and ch and 1st a sounds: charismaties/-e
chau (C S%@U // chauffeer/chauffeur/-s/chauvinis/-me/-ties
cheddar tSEd@r // fix ch and a sounds: cheddar(kaas)
chemika (li x2%e@m%ikA: // for compounds of chemikalieë
cholera ko@l@ra_ // fix e sound: cholera/-epidemie and similarcompounds
cholesterol k%OlEst@-r%Ol // cholesterol and many compounds
chore (ogra k%Or%i // fix stress and vowel sounds: choreografie and derivatives
ch (l k // chloor and compounds
ch (ro k
chat _^_EN
ck k // ck pronounced as single k sound
@) ci (_ s'i // plurals ending in -ci
@) cel (_ _^_EN // words ending in cel is English
@) cle (_ _^_EN // words ending in cle is English
cliché kl%iSe@ // cliché/-s
chirurg S@rWrx2
chirurg (ie_N S@r%Wrx2 // stress to end: chirurgie
_) ci (prA si // fix i sound: Ciprus/Ciprioties/-e
coke k@Uk // coke/cokebottel/cokeblikkie and similar
colombi (a@ k%Ol%Omb%i // fix stress and o sounds: Colombiaan/-ane/-aanse
corne (li kOrn''e@ // move default stress: Cornelia/Cornelis/Cornelius
cy (_ _^_EN // words ending in cy are English
cy (rillie s@ // fix y sound and stress: cyrillies/-e
chin (e S%in //chinees, chinese
.group d
d d
d (d
dd d // gladde/midde/kudde/opskudding
ddh d // Boeddha/boeddhisme
@) d (raam t // fix d sound: draad-/skilpad-/standaardraam and compounds
daad (werk d%A:t // move default stress: daadwerklik/-e
daaren (te d%A:r@n // fix stress and e sound: daarenteen/daarenteë
daarop (v d%A:r%Op // move default stress: daaropvolgend/-e
aan) dag (tig d'ax2 // accent on dag
A) d (agtig t_ // fix d sound in words like oerwoudagtig and similar
daniël dA:ni@l // fix stress: Daniël(skuil)
dani (gh d'A:n@ // -hoedanigheid/hoedanighede/onderdanigheid
@) dant d'ant // dant takes stress: kommandant/pruimedant
@) dderd (_ d@rt // ontredderd, se rule: dd d
@) d (eien t_ // fix d sound, pause: grond-/land-/landgoedeienaar/eiendom
@) d (einde_ t_ // fix d sound: maand-/noord-/suideinde
@) d (eis t_ // fix d sound, insert pause: skuldeiser/grondeise and many compounds
dge (_ _^_EN // words ending in -dge are English: Cambridge/Hambidge...
dia (C d%i%a // diabeet/diafragma/diagnose/dialek/dialoog/diamant
diaken d%iA:k@n // diaken and compounds
diako (nie d%i%ak%u // fix stress and o sound: diakonie/-ë
diens (willi d%ins // move default stress: dienswillig/-e/-heid
dieper (@ dip@r // fix e sound: diepere/dieperliggend/-e
digi (ta d%ix2%i // move default stress: digitaal/digitale
di (gK dI // force default stress: GEDIG/-TE/digbundel/digvorm, etc.
digtere (K d@x2t@rE // move default stress: digteres/-se
dik (vell d@k // move default stress: dikvellig/-e/-heid
dilemma d@lEma // dilemma and compounds
dimen (si d@mEn // fix stress and 1st i sound: (ontwikkelings)dimensie, etc./-dimensioneel/-ele
di (namie d%i // move default stress: dinamies/-e
dina (miek d%in%a // fix stress and a sound: dinamiek and compounds
dina (miet d%in%a // stress to 3rd slb.: dinamiet and compounds
dina (stie d%in%a // move default stress: dinastie/-ë
skan) dina d@n'A: //skandinawiese etc.
di (nee d@ // fix stress and i sound: dinee and compounds
dingaan d@NgA:n // fix stress and g sound: Dingaan(sdag)
@) d (inhou t_ // fix d sound: bloed-/goud-/saad-/standaard-/woordinhoud
dino (sou d%in%u // move default stress: dinosourus/-se and compounds
di (ploma d@ // move default stress: diploma/-s and compounds/diplomaat
diplo (mat d@pl%u // fix stress and o sound: (handels-/top)diplomate, etc./diplomaties
direk d%irEk // direk/-sie/-te/-theid/indirek...
dirig (e d@r@x2 // fix stress and i sounds: dirigeer/dirigent and compounds
_) dis (inP3 d@s // disintegrasie/disinvestering and similar
dis (koers d@s // move default stress: diskoers/-e
diskre (s d@skrE // fix stress and e sound: diskresie/diskresionêre
_) dis (kre d@s // move default stress: diskreet/-heid/-ste/diskrete
_) dis (kussA d@s // move default stress: diskussie/-s/diskusseer
dis (loja d@s // move default stress: dislojaal/-lojale/-lojaliteit
_) dis (oP3 d@s // disorganisasie/disoriënteer
dis (pu d@s // move default stress: dispuut/dispute
distro (fie d@str%u // fix stress and o sound: (spier)distrofie, etc.
divide (nd d@v@dE //dividende etc.
d (_ t //
dj c // palatal stop
_) dj dZ // regional: djy/djou/djulle, etc.
d (_dN // next word starts with d, drop the d
@) dge (_ _^_EN //words ending in dge is English
_) dames d'A:m@s // numerous compounds with dames
kandi) date (C dA:t@ // fix e sound: kandidatelys/-te/-poel
digers d@x2@rs
di (ssi d@ // move default stress: dissipel/-s
dissipel (in d@s%ip@l // fix stress and e sound: dissipelin/-ne
dissipline (K d@s@plin@ // fix stress and e sound: dissipline/-s/dissiplinebeleid, etc.
distri (bu d@str@ // distribusie/distribueer and compounds
_) dis (t d@s // stress: distrik/-te and compounds/distansie/distinksie/distorsie/distraksie
distel dIst@l // restore default stress: distel and compounds
di (visie d@ // fix 1st i sound: divisie/-s and compounds
_) dode d'o@d@ //dodelik dodemars etc.
doel (tref d%ul // move default stress: doeltreffend/-e/-ste
doktor (K dOkt@r // make 2nd o schwa: doktor/doktorsgraad
doku dOky
dol (fyn d%Ol // move default stress: dolfyn/-e and compounds
dolo (miet d%Ol@ // fix stress and o sounds: dolomiet and compounds
dol (os dOl // fix 1st o sound: dolos/-se/dolosgooier
dominee (_ d'o@m@ni
domin (A d%Om%in // domineer/dominering/dominasie
domini (ka d%Om%in%i // fix stress and o sound: dominikaan/-s/-se/dominikane
_) dom (ACC dOm // fix o sound: domastrant/domonnosel and derivatives
donga dONga // fix g sound: donga/-s and compounds
dosi (s do@s@ // fix stress: (oor)dosis/-se; excep. to rule of stress on -is
@) d (C t // oudste/benoudste/goudstad/steeds/Sweeds
ge) dw dw// fix d sound: rondgedwaal/deurgedwarrel/deurgedwing, etc.
m) dw dw // fix d sound: omdwaal/omdwing/rymdwang/sisteemdwang
@) ds (_ ts // fix d sound of wrds ending in -ds: buitentyds, etc.
hon) d (C t // fix d sound: hondriem/-reuk/-ruik
oo) d (r t // fix d sound: broodrooster/doodryp/loodreg/noodroep
win) d (r t // fix d sound: windrigting/-s and compounds/windreën
@) d (ruim t // fix d sound: end-/pad-/voorraadruimte/tydruimtelik
p) d (C d // oopdwing/koopdwang
ver) d (C d // verdwyn; see rule: @) d (C t
@) dd d // beddens/bedding
@n) d (ete_ t // aandete/oggendete
@) d (eteC_ t // aand-/oggendetes/grondeter
djie ci // bokbaardjie/bordjie/boordjie/perdjie/tydjie
doeane d%uA:n@ // fix stress and e sound: doeane(-beampte/-gelde/-kantoor...)
dopa (mi d%o@p%a // fix stress and a sound: dopamien and compounds
do (ssier d%O // move default stress: dossier/-e and compounds
@) d (r d // but oordrewe/oordrom
san) d (r t // fix d sound: sandrif/-randjie/-rivier/-ruiter
han) d (r t // fix d sound: handreiking/-reling/-rug
oe) d (r t // bloedrooi/bloedryk/hoedrand/invloedryk
toe) d (r d // but: toedrag/toedraai
drama (turg dr%A:m%a // fix stress and 2nd a sound: dramaturg/-e
_) dra (st drA: // long a: drasterkte/-stoel/-stok/-stukke, etc.
dra (stie dra // short a: drasties/-e
d (riem_ t // fix t sound: gordriem/halsbandriem
dril (A drIl // fix i sound when vowel follows dril: driloefening/-opleiding
droef (gees dr%uf // move default stress: droefgeestig/-e/-er/-ste/-heid
@) d (roos t // fix d sound: draadrooster/maand-/strand-/veldroos
@) d (rose_ t // fix d sound: maand-/strand-/veldrose
@) d (rosie t // fix d sound: maand-/strand-/veldrosie/-s
_) drukke (ry dr%Wk@ // move default stress: drukkery and compounds
@) d (t // drop d: breedte/handtekening/rondte/rondtrek...
du (et d%u:w // fix stress and -ue-sound: (klavier)duet/-te, etc.
@n) d (uit t_ // fix d sound and insert short break: enduit/handuit and similar
verby) dw dw // fix d sound: verbydwarrel/-dwaal/-dwing
dwelm (_ dw&l@-m // fix d and e sounds in compounds like wonderdwelm
dw (erg dw // fix d sound: tuindwerg/-e/-ie
@) dwes tv'Es // noordwes/te/lik/e suidwes/te/lik/e
@) dwese tve@s@ // leedwese/vakbondwese
@) dwillig tv'Il@x2 // d sound and stress: kwaadwillig/bereidwillig
oo) d (A t? // fix d in compounds starting with brood/dood/lood/nood... followed by vowel
karoo) d d // but Karoodorp/Karoodoring/Karoodistrik, etc.
du (pliC du // duplikaat/dupliseer
duvet d%uveI: // duvet/-s/duvetoortreksel, etc.
@) d (yster t_ // fix d sound, pause: bind-/brand-/vuurherd-/smeedyster...
.group de
de (flasi d%e@ // fix e sound: deflasie(beleid)/deflasionêr/deflasionisties
de (gradA d,e@ // fix e sound: degradasie/degradeer/-ering
de (hidr d%e@ // fix stress and e sound: (ge)dehidreer/dehidrasie
de (kaan d@ // fix stress and e sound: dekaan/-skap
de (kane d@ // fix stress and 1st e sound: (universiteits)dekane
_) de (klass de@ // deklassifikasie/gedeklassifiseer
de (klinA d%E // fix 1st e sound: deklinasie/deklineer/-nering and compounds
@) de (kontrak d@ // fix e sound: huweliksvoorwaardekontrak/te
de (krimina d%e@ // fix e sound: (ge)dekriminaliseer/dekriminalisering, etc.
de (laan d@ // fix e sound: tweede-/derde-/vierdelaan...
kun) dele (K d@lE // fix e sounds: Aardryks-/wiskundeles/-se, etc.
onder) dele (@ de@l@_ // fix e sound: onderdelebedryf/-pakhuis, etc.
voor) dele (@ de@l@_ // fix e sound: voordelefonds and similar
_) dele (gA d@l@ // fix stress and e sounds: delegeer/delegasie
@) de (ment d@ // fix e sound: amendement/bombardement/rendement
de (moCr d%E // demokraat/demokrasie/-ë/demokraties/demografie
demone d%imo@n@ // fix stress and vowel sounds: demone and compounds, eg. demonegeloof
de (moon d%i // fix stress and e sound: demoon and compounds
dekade (n dEkad'E
dekade (s dEk'A:d@
dekant (_ d@kant //try fix suidekant
de (kre d@ // fix stress and 1st e sound: dekreet/dekrete
_) deli (ka d%El%i // delikaat/delikate
delika (tess d%El%ik%a // move default stress: delikatesse/-s
deli (rium d@lI // fix stress and vowel sounds: delirium and compounds
delphinium d%&lfini;Wm // fix stress and ph sound: delphinium and compounds
@) dend (er d@nd // beduidender/behoudender
_) den (dri d%En // dendriet/-e/dendrities/-e
@) dend (ste d@nt // beduidendste/behoudendste
&) de (ne_ d@ // fix penultimate e sound: af-/uitgetredenes/aangehoudenes and similar
_) denim d''En@m // fix e sound in denim and compounds
&) denis d@n@s // geskiedenisboek/kultuurgeskiedenis/belydenis/beduidenis
denk dENk // fix e sound: bronsgedenkbeeld/nadenke/teenbedenking/vrydenker
denken (d d''ENk@n // fix stress and e sound: anders-/edel-/na-/vry-/weldenkend
@) dente (@ dEnt@ // fix connecting e in compounds like studenteoptog/-opvoering
deodo (rant d%i%ud%u // fix vowel sounds and stress: deodorant/-e and compounds
de (press d%i // depressie/depressief/depressiewe
de (puta d%E // fix e sound: deputasie/-s and compounds
@) derd (_ d@rt // verouderd/afgesonderd/gevorderd
_) derde (K d&:rd@ // fix 2nd e sound: derdemag/derdepartyversekering and similar
twee) derde d&:rd@ // fix e sounds: tweederdemeerderheid/-deel
_) der (duiC d%&r // move default stress: derduisende/derduiwel
@C) derm (K d&r@-m // fix e sound of derm in compounds: nersdermklier/slukdermsiekte, etc.
_) derge d&rx2@ // dergelik/-e
@) de (rosie t_%e@ // fix e sound, pause: winderosie/tyderosie and similar
desibel dEsib&l // fix vowel sounds: desibel/-s
de (skun d%E //deskundig/e in compounds
_) des (po d%Es // move default stress: despoot/despote
_) destabili (s d%e@st%ab%il%i // fix vowel sounds: destabilisasie/-seer/-sering
de (strukt d%e@ // fix e sound: destruktief/destruktiewe
deto (nA d%Et%u // fix e and o sounds and stress: detonasie/detoneer/detonering
deur (aar d%y@r_ // move default stress: deuraar/-de
deur (bo d%Y@r // move default stress: deurboor/deurborende
deur (dag d%Y@r // move default stress: (on)deurdag/-te/-theid
deur (drenk d%y@r // move default stress: deurdrenk/-te
deur (dring@ d%y@r // move default stress: deurdringend/-e
deur (grond d%y@r // move default stress: (on)deurgrond/-elik/-e/-heid
deur (leef d%y@r // move default stress: deurleef/-de
deur (lop@ d%y@r // move default stress: deurlopend/-e
deur (lugt d%y@r // move default stress: deurlugtig/-e/-heid
deur (priem d%Y@r // move default stress: deurpriem/-de
deur (reis d%Y@r // move default stress: deurreis
deur (sigt d%y@r // move default stress: deursigtig/-e
deur (skynA d%Y@r // move default stress: deurskynend/-e
deur (skynde d%Y@r // move default stress: deurskynde
deur (soek d%Y@r // move default stress: deursoek/-ing
deurspek d%y@rspEk // fix stress and 2nd e: deurspek/-te
deur (trapt d%y@r // move default stress: deurtrapte/-s
deur (waaid d%Y@r // move default stress: deurwaaid/-e
deur (weeC d%y@r // move default stress: deurweef/deurweek/-te
deur (winter d%y@r // move default stress: deurwinter/-de
dewe (tK d@vE // fix stress and vowel sounds: Groepsgebiedewet/Dewetsdorp/-hof
de (bA d@ // debat/-te/debakel/waardebepaling
deba (tteer d@b%a // move default stress to end: debatteer
debi (te d%Eb%i // fix stress and e sound: debiteer/debiteur/debitering
debu (ta d%Eb%y // fix stress and e sound: debutant/-e and compounds
debu (te@ d%Eb%y // fix stress and e sound: debuteer/debutering
debuut d@byt // debuut/-bundel/-vertoning
dee (moedig d%e@ // move default stress: deemoedig/-e/-er/-ste/-heid/-ing
desember d%e@sEmb@r
deloos d@lo@s
delos d@lo@s
// &C) dele (_ de@l@
departe (ment d@p%art@
deposito d@po@situ // stress and vowel sounds: deposito and compounds
depot (_ dEp%u // fix vowel sounds, drop t: (bus-/goedere)depot/-s, etc.
detail d'i:teIl
detai (lleer d%i:t%eI // fix stress: (ge)detailleer(d/-e)
.group e
e e@
e (C E
CAC) e (CC @ // fix e sound: nalatenskap/wapenstilstand
CAC) e (C% E // beesfilette/nougesette/onderbesette/voortgesette
blind) e (C@ @ // fix e sound in compounds like: blindekol/-mol/-wese
_eend) e (CA @ // fix e sound: eendedam/-dans/-kuil/-pastei...
_eend) e (lig e@ // but: eendelig/-e/-heid
@C) elys @leIs // fix e sound: beskuldigde-/debiteure-/dividende-/geskenkelys
_meid) e (C @ // fix e sound: meidekamer/-naaier/-praatjies
pous) e (C @ // fix e sound: pousebrood/-klok/-tyd, etc.
_siel) e (@ @ // fix e sound: sielesmart/-troos/-wroeging...
_siel) e (tjie %i // but: sieletjie/-s
vreugd) e (C @ // fix e sound: vreugdefees/-klokkies/-lied/-tyd...
vriend) e (C @ // fix e sound: vriendepaar/-woorde
juwel) e (C @ // fix e sound: juwelekissie and similar compounds
fontein) e (C @_ // fix e sound: Fonteinesirkel/-wisselaar, etc.
kening) e (@ @ // fix e sound: rekeningeklerk/-navraag and similar
narkos) e (C @ // fix e sound: narkosedood/-gas/-masker/-middel/-rekords, etc.
ooi) e (C @ // fix e sound: dooiepunt/ooievaar and similar
skew) e (C @ // fix e sound: skewekop/-mond
trol) e (C@ @ // fix e sound in compounds: kontrolebank/-doeleindes/-kamer/-lys/-maatreël/-rekening...
voorrad) e (C @ // fix e sound: voorradedepot/-konvooi and similar
@C) e (aCC @_ // fix e sound: doodseise-/manne-/ongevalle-/troepeafdeling/slakkeafval/handearbeid
C) e (marie @ //anemarie, lisemarie etc.
n) eke (_ @k@ //anneke Heineke etc.
eku (menie %Ek%y // fix stress and e sound: ekumenies/-e
@k) e (raad @ // fix e sound: lekeraadslid/praktykeraad
CACp) e (rl @ // fix e sound: werperligte/wimperloos
CAC) e (rr @ // fix e sound: koperring/-rooi/nederryn/somerreën/-rok/superrealis/syferrekenaar...
@C) e (reekK @ // fix e sound: duine-/rotsereeks
aai) e (C @ // fix e sound: baaierd/waaierstert/paaiement/compounds starting with baaiers-
lat) eres @r@s //lateres
fp) ers (_ &rs // fix e sound: dof-/gif-/olyf-/tydskrifpers, etc.
bloup) ers &:rs // fix e sound: bloupers
iew) ers (ter @rs // fix e sound: (l)iewerster
treil) e (rC @ // fix e sound: (vis)treilerkaptein/-wrak and similar compounds
dehands) e (C@ @ // fix e sound: tweedehandsemotorhandelaar/-winkel, etc.
goeder) e (@ @ // fix e sound: goederekapitaal/-kantoor/-loods/-mark/-omset/-reg
hond) e (@ @_ // fix e sound: hondebloed/-oor/-trou, etc.
kod) e (C @ // fix e sound: kodenommer/kodetaal/kodewoord, etc.
Cond) e (CA @ // blondekop/geskondenes/hondebelasting and many compounds/sondebok/sondelas
lop) er (A @r_ // fix e sounds in compounds of loper followed by vowel: loperaanval, etc.
mineral) e (C @ // fix e sound: mineraleregte/-ryk(dom)/-sake, etc.
naald) e (C @ // fix e sound: naaldekoker/-kussing/-werk, etc.
noord) e (C @ // fix e sound: noordewind and compounds
Colw) e (C @ // fix e sound: golweslag/wolwedans
bolw) e (rk_ & // exception to above: fix e sound: bolwerk and compounds
ros) e (CA @ // fix e sound: rosegeur/roseweg
slang) e (C @ // fix e sound: slangebesweerder/-diens/-draer/-gebroedsel/-kuil/-teelt
speld) e (C @ // fix e sound: speldekop/-kussing/-punt, etc.
spok) e (C @ // fix e sound: compounds beginning with spoke: spokebeeld/-lywe/-dans
styw) e (C @ // fix e sound: stywepas/stywesiek/-te