[cli] Refactor src/index to TypeScript

[TooTallNate]

Refactors the CLI entrypoint src/index.js to TypeScript.

[kodiakhq]

This PR currently has a merge conflict. Please resolve this and then re-add the ['semver-major', 'semver-minor', 'semver-patch'] label.

[codecov]

Codecov Report

Merging #6602 (29c5ac9) into main (f221f04) will decrease coverage by 0.00%.
The diff coverage is n/a.

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##             main    #6602      +/-   ##
==========================================
- Coverage   12.53%   12.52%   -0.01%     
==========================================
  Files         265      265              
  Lines        9636     9642       +6     
  Branches     1725     1791      +66     
==========================================
  Hits         1208     1208              
- Misses       8330     8336       +6     
  Partials       98       98              

Impacted Files	Coverage Δ
src/commands/alias/set.ts	0.00% <0.00%> (ø)
src/commands/deploy/index.ts	0.00% <0.00%> (ø)
src/util/link/setup-and-link.ts	0.00% <0.00%> (ø)
src/index.js
src/index.ts	0.00% <0.00%> (ø)

---

Continue to review full report at Codecov.

Legend - Click here to learn more
Δ = absolute <relative> (impact), ø = not affected, ? = missing data
Powered by Codecov. Last update f221f04...29c5ac9. Read the comment docs.