✨ Implement first Katas (#237)

* 🚚 Move existing files to katas folder

* 🚚 Move TestingArrays to drafts and rename

* 🚚 Rename the stock challenge file

* ✨ Add restriction to stock challenge kata

* 🔥 Remove empty file

* ♻️ Restructure stock challenge file

* ✨ 🚧 WIP - sorting chars koan

* 🚧 Add some more test cases

* 🎨 Tidy testcases for sorting kata

PSKoans/Koans/Katas/SortingCharacters.Koans.ps1

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+using module PSKoans
+[Koan(Position = 115)]
+param()
+
+<#
+    Kata: Sorting Characters
+
+    Sorting is a fairly common task in programming. In PowerShell, the Sort-Object cmdlet will typically
+    be used to sort items.
+
+    For the purposes of this kata, cmdlets will be removed from your toolkit.
+
+    Using only native PowerShell expressions (values, operators, and keywords), implement a function that
+    sorts all characters in a string alphabetically. Punctuation and spaces should be ignored entirely.
+#>
+Describe 'Kata - Sorting Characters' {
+    BeforeAll {
+        $Verification = {
+            [string[]]$AllowedCommands = @()
+            [string[]]$AllowedVariables = @("*")
+            $Function = Get-Item -Path 'Function:Get-SortedString'
+            $Function.ScriptBlock.CheckRestrictedLanguage($AllowedCommands, $AllowedVariables, $false)
+        }
+
+        function Get-SortedString {
+            param($String)
+
+            # Add your solution code here!
+
+        }
+    }
+
+    <#
+        Feel free to add extra It/Should tests here to write additional tests for yourself and
+        experiment along the way!
+    #>
+
+    It 'should not use any cmdlets or external commands' {
+        $Verification | Should -Not -Throw -Because 'You must rely on your own knowledge here.'
+    }
+
+    It 'should give the right result when inputting: <String>' {
+        param( $String, $Result )
+
+        Get-SortedString $String | Should -BeExactly $Result
+    } -TestCases @(
+        @{
+            String = 'Mountains are merely mountains.'
+            Result = 'aaaeeeiilMmmnnnnoorrssttuuy'
+        }
+        @{
+            String = 'What do you call the world?'
+            Result = 'aacddehhlllooorttuwWy'
+        }
+        @{
+            String = 'Out of nowhere, the mind comes forth.'
+            Result = 'cdeeeeffhhhimmnnooOoorrstttuw'
+        }
+        @{
+            String = 'Because it is so very clear, it takes longer to come to the realization.'
+            Result = 'aaaaaBccceeeeeeeeeghiiiiiklllmnnoooooorrrrsssstttttttuvyz'
+        }
+        @{
+            String = 'The hands of the world are open.'
+            Result = 'aaddeeeefhhhlnnoooprrstTw'
+        }
+        @{
+            String = 'You are those huge waves sweeping everything before them, swallowing all in their path.'
+            Result = 'aaaaabeeeeeeeeeeeefgggghhhhhhiiiiillllmnnnnoooopprrrrsssstttttuuvvwwwwyY'
+        }
+    )
+}

PSKoans/Koans/Katas/TheStockChallenge.Koans.ps1

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+using module PSKoans
+[Koan(Position = 114)]
+param()
+<#
+    Apply Your Knowledge!
+
+    Below is a list containing comma separated data about Microsoft's stock prices
+    during March of 2012. Without modifying the list, programatically find the day
+    with the greatest variance between the opening and closing price.
+
+    The following operations may be of use:
+
+    [double] $value           # Casts (converts) the value into numerical data
+    $String -split ','        # Creates an array by splitting the string
+
+    Be sure to review AboutStrings and AboutArrays if you need to!
+#>
+Describe "The Stock Challenge" {
+    BeforeAll {
+        $StockData = @(
+            "Date,Open,High,Low,Close,Volume,Adj Close"
+            "2012-03-30,32.40,32.41,32.04,32.26,31749400,32.26"
+            "2012-03-29,32.06,32.19,31.81,32.12,37038500,32.12"
+            "2012-03-28,32.52,32.70,32.04,32.19,41344800,32.19"
+            "2012-03-27,32.65,32.70,32.40,32.52,36274900,32.52"
+            "2012-03-26,32.19,32.61,32.15,32.59,36758300,32.59"
+            "2012-03-23,32.10,32.11,31.72,32.01,35912200,32.01"
+            "2012-03-22,31.81,32.09,31.79,32.00,31749500,32.00"
+            "2012-03-21,31.96,32.15,31.82,31.91,37928600,31.91"
+            "2012-03-20,32.10,32.15,31.74,31.99,41566800,31.99"
+            "2012-03-19,32.54,32.61,32.15,32.20,44789200,32.20"
+            "2012-03-16,32.91,32.95,32.50,32.60,65626400,32.60"
+            "2012-03-15,32.79,32.94,32.58,32.85,49068300,32.85"
+            "2012-03-14,32.53,32.88,32.49,32.77,41986900,32.77"
+            "2012-03-13,32.24,32.69,32.15,32.67,48951700,32.67"
+            "2012-03-12,31.97,32.20,31.82,32.04,34073600,32.04"
+            "2012-03-09,32.10,32.16,31.92,31.99,34628400,31.99"
+            "2012-03-08,32.04,32.21,31.90,32.01,36747400,32.01"
+            "2012-03-07,31.67,31.92,31.53,31.84,34340400,31.84"
+            "2012-03-06,31.54,31.98,31.49,31.56,51932900,31.56"
+            "2012-03-05,32.01,32.05,31.62,31.80,45240000,31.80"
+            "2012-03-02,32.31,32.44,32.00,32.08,47314200,32.08"
+            "2012-03-01,31.93,32.39,31.85,32.29,77344100,32.29"
+            "2012-02-29,31.89,32.00,31.61,31.74,59323600,31.74"
+        )
+
+        <#
+            For the purposes of the exercise, use of cmdlets will be disabled for the solving function.
+            You're on your own here, use your knowledge of arrays and string operators to get you to
+            the finish line!
+        #>
+
+        $Verification = {
+            [string[]]$AllowedCommands = @()
+            [string[]]$AllowedVariables = @("*")
+            $Function = Get-Item -Path 'Function:Get-GreatestVarianceDate'
+            $Function.ScriptBlock.CheckRestrictedLanguage($AllowedCommands, $AllowedVariables, $false)
+        }
+
+        function Get-GreatestVarianceDate {
+            param([string[]]$Data)
+
+            # Add the solution code here!
+
+        }
+    }
+
+    <#
+        Feel free to add extra It/Should tests here to write tests for yourself and
+        experiment along the way!
+    #>
+
+    It 'should not use any cmdlets or external commands' {
+        $Verification | Should -Not -Throw -Because "You must not rely on the power of others here."
+    }
+
+    It 'should determine the correct answer' {
+        Get-GreatestVarianceDate -Data $StockData | Should -Be "2012-03-13"
+    }
+}