pybind11 2024-07-16 (43de8014)

Code extracted from:

    https://github.com/pybind/pybind11.git

at commit 43de8014f96ab8fc0028f11a26edbcf9b937cd91 (master).

Upstream Shortlog
-----------------

Aaron Gokaslan (49):
      c4e29528 perf: Add more moves and optimize (ornladios#3845)
      1b27b744 chore: Make stl_bind take slice as const_ref (ornladios#3852)
      e3aa215b Add perfect forwarding to make_iterator calls (ornladios#3860)
      3829b762 chore: simplify numpy dtype ctor (ornladios#3869)
      fbcde3f0 chore: enable clang-tidy check modernize-use-nullptr (ornladios#3881)
      1c636f4d chore: Change numpy dtype from_args call sig to const ref (ornladios#3878)
      82455a41 Minor opt to cache tuple casting (ornladios#3894)
      75007dda chore: rule of 3 for strdup guard (ornladios#3905)
      bdc7dd8c chore: update NVIDIA-PGI CI workflow (ornladios#3922)
      2e331308 chore: remove unused include from stl.h (ornladios#3928)
      a8b3ff30 chore: add a couple of moves in pybind11.h (ornladios#3941)
      c42414db (perf): use a rvalue cast in func_wrapper (ornladios#3966)
      2d4a20c8 chore: add missing moves for buffer_func and staticmethod in pybind11.h (ornladios#3969)
      68f80105 chore: add err guard to capsule destructor and add a move to iostream (ornladios#3958)
      8da58da5 chore: perfectly forward all make_iterator args (ornladios#3980)
      58802de4 perf: Add object rvalue overload for accessors. Enables reference stealing (ornladios#3970)
      42a41bf3 remove useless ctor (ornladios#3989)
      554c0453 enable two new clang-tidy checks (ornladios#3988)
      e2dcd954 chore: optimize dictionary access in strip_padding numpy (ornladios#3994)
      0964a909 Add a missing std::move in numpy.h (ornladios#4005)
      2af163d9 Fix: 3.11 beta support (ornladios#3923)
      f9f00495 Properly visit self in >=3.9 traverse (ornladios#4051)
      bc9315fe chore: optimize sparse matrix casting with python tuple (ornladios#4064)
      f47f1edf Fix ornladios#3812 and fix const of inplace assignments (ornladios#4065)
      42b54507 chore: use explicit defaulting in pyobject macros (ornladios#4017)
      b07975f4 Fix missing undef in pytypes (ornladios#4087)
      88a1bb92 chore: remove unnecessary temporary std::pair (ornladios#4103)
      6abb7de6 chore: Use PyObject_GenericGetDict and PyObject_GenericSetDict functions (ornladios#4106)
      b884b9dc chore: Add pytests for constructing pytypes from iterable (ornladios#4138)
      81f35d29 chore: Mark detail:forward_like as constexpr (ornladios#4147)
      9c04c7b0 chore: Delete copy ctor/assign for GIL RAIIs (ornladios#4183)
      95d0e71a test C++14 on MSVC (ornladios#4191)
      5aa0fad5 perf: call reserve method in set and map casters (ornladios#4194)
      c78dfe69 bugfix: Add error checking to list append and insert (ornladios#4208)
      864ed112 chore: steal arg_v.value from copied arg in unpacking_collector (ornladios#4219)
      0927c4d1 chore: Improve PyCapsule exception handling (ornladios#4232)
      8781daf6 chore: Optimize iterator advance() call (ornladios#4237)
      b926396b bugfix: py contains raises errors when appropiate (ornladios#4209)
      2ce76f78 Cleanup casters to release none() to avoid ref counting (#4269)
      17c1e27b fix: Revert pfect args make iterator (ornladios#4234)
      b07223fa fix: improve bytes to str decoding error handling (#4294)
      0176632e chore: sync blacken-docs hook with black (#4304)
      e133c33d chore: Convert direct multiprocessing.set_start_method("forkserver") call to a pytest fixture. (#4377)
      7f23e9f3 chore: update clang-tidy to 15 (#4387)
      08a89fac bugfix: delete proper ctors in gil.h (#4490)
      b2c1978c bugfix: Keep registered types until after Py_Finalize(). Fix #4459 (#4486)
      66f12df0 chore: make #4587 use proper cpp17 feature macro (#4592)
      1e8b52a9 bugfix: allow noexcept lambdas in C++17. Fix #4565 (#4593)
      b33d06f6 bugfix: fixes a test suite bug in the __new__ example (#4698)

Alexander Grund (1):
      3414c56b Workaround NVCC parse failure in `cast_op` (#4893)

Antoine Prouvost (1):
      a67d7865 fix(stl_bind): Enable `bind_map` with `using` declarations. (#4952)

Arman (1):
      88699849 scoped_interpreter. overloaded constructor: PyConfig param (#4330)

Axel Huebl (4):
      0b4c1bc2 test: ConstructorStats newline (PyPy) (ornladios#4167)
      6cb21474 fix: NVCC 11.4.0 - 11.8.0 host bug workaround (ornladios#4220)
      824dc27a CI: Reenable an NVHPC Test (#4764)
      76b7f536 Python_ADDITIONAL_VERSIONS: 3.12 (#4909)

Ben Boeckel (1):
      dc9b3959 pybind11.pc: use pcfiledir for relative destinations (#4830)

Brad Messer (1):
      a48ec3e8 Words matter updates (ornladios#4155)

Chekov2k (1):
      b07d08f6 Add `PYBIND11_SIMPLE_GIL_MANAGEMENT` option (cmake, C++ define) (ornladios#4216)

Christoph Grüninger (1):
      976fea05 Fix Clazy warnings (#4988)

Chun Yang (1):
      1e28599e fix: Add missing spaces to error string (#4906)

Cliff Burdick (1):
      a5b9e50f fix: added check on iterator end position (#5129)

Daniel Dinu (1):
      8a4bca82 fix(cmake): use case-insensitive CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE comparisons (ornladios#4078)

Daniel Galvez (1):
      7c6f2f80 fix: PyCapsule_GetDestructor is allowed to return a nullptr destructor (ornladios#4221)

Daniel Jacobs (1):
      44e93682 Use PyConfig_InitPythonConfig instead of PyConfig_InitIsolatedConfig (#4473)

Dustin Spicuzza (3):
      1874f8fa Clarify GIL documentation (ornladios#4057)
      8dcced29 Always display python type information in cast errors (#4463)
      f8703154 Provide better type hints for a variety of generic types (#4259)

Ed Catmur (2):
      9bc27044 Add tests for cast from tuple to sequence containers (ornladios#3900)
      68a0b2df Add anyset & frozenset, enable copying (cast) to std::set (ornladios#3901)

Eli Schwartz (2):
      5bdd3d59 feat(cmake): add installation support for pkg-config dependency detection (ornladios#4077)
      3cc7e425 add --version option to pybind11-config (#4526)

Ethan Steinberg (5):
      ee2b5226 Fix functional.h bug + introduce test to verify that it is fixed (ornladios#4254)
      06003e82 Introduce a new style of warning suppression based on push/pop (#4285)
      ee4b9f5d Fix ODR violations in our Eigen Tensor tests (#4412)
      60f02f5f fix: improve the error reporting for inc_ref GIL failures (#4427)
      99131a85 Provide `PYBIND11_NO_ASSERT_GIL_HELD_INCREF_DECREF` as an option (#4753)

Frank (1):
      00126859 Add option for enable/disable enum members in docstring. (ornladios#2768)

Franz Pöschel (1):
      f7016546 Introduce recursive_container_traits (#4623)

HaarigerHarald (1):
      f306012b fix: file extension on windows with cp36 and cp37 (ornladios#3919)

Henry Schreiner (78):
      65ec5de5 chore: bump changelog for 2.9.2 (ornladios#3834)
      9969f3b5 ci: drop win2016 (ornladios#3854)
      1a8603e4 ci: dependabot major versions for official actions (ornladios#3888)
      1a7b1298 ci: fix cuda issue & MSVC spurious warning (ornladios#3950)
      dff6fa05 fix(cmake): avoid issue with NVCC + Windows (ornladios#3947)
      1e4bd22b fix(cmake): support release and debug at the same time (ornladios#3948)
      918d4481 fix(cmake): support cross-compiles with classic Python (ornladios#3959)
      c3e9173f ci: use almalinux instead of centos, add 9 (ornladios#4020)
      5a3a1e34 chore: simpler dependabot (ornladios#4035)
      0ab1fcfb docs: update changelog (ornladios#4042)
      7c3a0317 chore: bump clang-tidy to 13 (ornladios#3997)
      6b60d97d docs: use Furo (ornladios#3109)
      87f64c43 docs: update changelog for 2.10.0 (ornladios#4066)
      aa304c9c chore: preapre for 2.10.0 release (ornladios#4068)
      8d82f298 chore: back to work
      5116a629 fix(spelling): PYTHON_VERSIONS
      59f03ee3 tests: include pypy3.9 in nox if present
      bbb89da1 fix(cmake): support vcpkg, try 2 (ornladios#4123)
      8275b769 ci: update pre-commit schedule (ornladios#4212)
      c3854682 ci(fix): don't label weekly dep updates & ci fixes (#4264)
      1d4a65e2 feat: add entrypoint for cmake modules dir (ornladios#4258)
      128d988e ci: fix labeler
      36ccb08b docs: update changelog (#4265)
      91cfb770 Revert "feat: add entrypoint for cmake modules dir" (#4270)
      4fe905d4 fix: add flag for overriding classic Python search values (ornladios#4195)
      d1c31e9a chore: improve issue template (#4276)
      fcb5554d ci: move to final release of 3.11 (#4286)
      252ed8fb docs: prepare for 2.10.1 release (#4279)
      9727dcda chore: future safe bugbear opinionated warnings (#4393)
      a97c4d22 fix(cmake): support Windows ARM cross-compilation (#4406)
      3fd1520d docs: changelog for next version (#4413)
      0694ec6a chore: preapre for 2.10.2 release (#4414)
      b2d7ad72 chore: prepare for 2.10.3 (#4437)
      a34596bf chore: back to work
      3efe9d4c chore: update to black 23 (#4482)
      535f81a1 fix: tests dir has started to show up in packaging (#4510)
      68211d41 fix: nicer stack level for warning (#4516)
      438034c5 chore: move to Ruff and add rules (#4483)
      c4c15d4b docs: changelog for 2.10.4 (#4532)
      4ce05175 ci: Python 3.12 optional test job (#4575)
      956390a8 fix(cmake): only define lto if CMAKE's IPO setting is unset (#4643)
      bc1bcf7c chore: 3.12 + cleanup (#4713)
      5ccb9e41 chore: ruff moved to astral-sh (#4726)
      2e5f5c4c fix: support CMake 3.27, drop 3.4 (#4719)
      9039e6ac chore: use 2x faster black mirror (#4784)
      4fb111bd fix(cmake): correctly detect FindPython policy and better warning (#4806)
      3aece819 chore: update hooks and Ruff config (#4904)
      a18c10f6 fix(cmake): make library component optional (#4805)
      c758b81f chore: move to ruff-format (#4912)
      b389ae77 chore: update changelog script for categories (#4942)
      6cf90e72 fix(cmake): avoid really slow compile on emscripten (#4642)
      6831666f ci: add more versions of numpy/scipy/pypy (#4714)
      9591cfb0 fix(cmake): findpython issues and 3.12 support for pybind11_find_import (#4941)
      39e65e10 ci: group dependabot updates (#4986)
      e84d446d ci: Ignore v1 updates for checkout (#5023)
      0518bf9f ci: ignore actions/checkout until v5 comes out
      ec73bdaf ci: skipping test for Windows Clang failure (#5062)
      ddb8b67a fix(cmake): allow forcing old FindPython (#5042)
      e0f2c715 tests: hide warning on clang (#5069)
      6b5674f3 chore: prepare 2.12.0 (#5070)
      3e9dfa28 docs: a few missed changes for 2.12 (#5074)
      b91b584d docs: remove extra space
      7af193e7 chore: get back to work
      7f2214bc chore: bump cmake to 3.29 (#5075)
      f3984794 ci: macos-latest is changing to macos-14 ARM runners (#5109)
      a9256a6d chore: docs and nox bump (#5071)
      4d0fcedc fix: support Python 3.13.0b1 (PEP 667 fix) (#5127)
      86a64290 chore: some cleanup (#5137)
      ce08e370 fix: handle NULL correctly (#5145)
      ae6432b8 fix: Python 3.13t with GIL (#5139)
      7187894e fix(cmake): old cmake boost bug (#5149)
      1a0ff405 tests: avoid immortal objects in tests (#5150)
      186df220 docs: building suggestions update (#5168)
      9ec64e37 docs: prepare for 2.13.0 (#5187)
      b5ec7c71 ci: release with trusted publisher and attestations (#5196)
      0c69e1eb chore: prepare for 2.13.0 (#5198)
      895e6572 chore: back to work
      57287b57 docs: prepare for 2.13.1 (#5203)

Huanchen Zhai (1):
      31b7e140 bugfix: removing typing and duplicate ``class_`` for KeysView/ValuesView/ItemsView. Fix #4529 (#4985)

Hyunwook Choi (1):
      d70f54b0 docs: Missing semicolons (ornladios#4094)

Ilya Lavrenov (1):
      aec6cc54 fix(cmake): skip empty PYBIND11_PYTHON_EXECUTABLE_LAST for the first cmake run (#4856)

Jan Iwaszkiewicz (1):
      424ac4fe fix: Windows compiler, missing object initializer (ornladios#4188)

Jason Watson (1):
      65370f33 Create handle_type_name specialization to type-hint variable length tuples (#5051)

Jean Elsner (1):
      b9359cea Remove newlines from docstring signature (#4735)

Joyce (2):
      d72ffb44 ci: set minimal permissions to github workflows (#4665)
      6e6bcca5 Create s Security Policy (#4671)

Kenji (1):
      f47ff328 Fix grammar in functions.rst (#4791)

Keto D. Zhang (1):
      9ad7e827 docs: Remove upper bound on pybind11 in example pyproject.toml for setuptools (#4774)

Konstantin Bespalov (1):
      5bbcba54 use C++17 syntax to get rid of recursive template instantiations for concatenating type signatures (#4587)

Lalaland (2):
      fab1eebe First draft of Eigen::Tensor support (ornladios#4201)
      8ea75ab4 Fix casts to void* (#4275)

Laramie Leavitt (2):
      ab59f45d Prefer make_caster<T> to type_caster<T> (ornladios#3859)
      088ad4f2 Cleanup cast_safe<void> specialization (ornladios#3861)

Lonnie L. Souder II (1):
      b3ebd11d feature: support compilers that use std::experimental::filesystem  (ornladios#3840)

Luc de Jonckheere (1):
      6d22dba8 Warning on comparing wrapper enums with is (#4732)

László Papp (1):
      5891867e fix(cmake): support DEBUG_POSTFIX correctly (#4761)

Maarten Baert (3):
      72eea20a Fix py::cast from pytype rvalue to pytype (ornladios#3949)
      4624e8e1 Don't return pointers to static objects with return_value_policy::take_ownership. (ornladios#3946)
      918892b9 Make dtype::num() return type consistent with other functions (ornladios#3995)

Martin Blanchard (2):
      89c3561d Fix multi-context new Python linking mode (#4401)
      09db6445 IPO/LTO support for ICX (IntelLLVM) compiler (#4402)

Masaki Kozuki (1):
      374a5b00 [docs] Fix "Enumerations and internal types" example (ornladios#4034)

Mateusz Sokół (2):
      0a756c0b MAINT: Include `numpy._core` imports (#4857)
      dd64df73 MAINT: Remove np.int_ (#4867)

Matthew Woehlke (1):
      479e9a50 Fix arrays with zero-size dimensions (ornladios#4038)

Matthias Volk (1):
      67c9c568 fix: fully qualify usages of concat to protect against ADL (#4955)

Mattias Ellert (1):
      fa27d2fd Adapt to changed function name in Python 3.13 (#4902)

Michael Carlstrom (9):
      68405a11 Add `Union` and `Optional` to typing.h (#5165)
      7c4ac91d Add type[T] support to typing.h (#5166)
      aebcd704 Add TypeVars / method generics typing (#5167)
      183059f9 feat(types): add support for typing.Literal type (#5192)
      26281c79 feat(types): adds support for Never and NoReturn from python Typing (#5193)
      2be85c60 feat(types): adds support for TypeGuard and TypeIs (#5194)
      4bd538a4 feat(types): add support for Typing.Callable Special Case (#5202)
      08f946a4 fix: add guard for GCC <10.3 on C++20 (#5205)
      d805e996 feat(types) Adds special Case for empty C++ tuple type annotation (#5214)

Michael Voznesensky (1):
      f0b9f755 Replace error printing code gated by NDEBUG with a new flag: PYBIND11_DETAILED_ERROR_MESSAGES  (ornladios#3913)

Mike Essenmacher (1):
      531144dd Replace "whitelist" with "allowlist" (#4506)

Oleksandr Pavlyk (4):
      fa98804a Adds set_name method of pybind11::capsule class (ornladios#3866)
      ba7a0fac Expand dtype accessors (ornladios#3868)
      45164c1f Added deleted copy constructor for error_scope to comply with rule of 3. (ornladios#3870)
      7e5edbc9 Avoid copy in iteration by using const auto & (#4861)

Pablo Speciale (1):
      0cbd92ba Update pytest to version 7.2.0 (which removes their dependency on py) (#4880)

Pascal Thomet (1):
      768cebe1 doc: add litgen to the automatic generators list (compiling.rst) (#5012)

Peter Würtz (1):
      76b88581 fix: Different MSVC versions may be ABI incompatible, guard with _MSC_VER (ornladios#2898) (#4779)

Pieter P (2):
      4bf60c60 Disable strip when build type is unset (#4454) (#4780)
      9b3a2000 fix(cmake): improved cross-compilation support (#5083)

Pol Mesalles (1):
      daea1130 fix(cmake): upgrade maximum supported CMake version to 3.27 (#4786)

Ralf W. Grosse-Kunstleve (92):
      30716c67 Also add error_scope assignment operator to complete the rule-of-3 (follow-on to PR ornladios#3870). (ornladios#3872)
      287e4f23 Test pickling a simple callable (does not work). (ornladios#3906)
      5621ab85 Do we have a unit test for the traceback code in error_string()?
      48c7be4a Undoing previous accidental commit. Sorry I forgot to git branch.
      2c549eb7 Move `PyErr_NormalizeException()` up a few lines (ornladios#3971)
      8d14e666 fix: avoid `catch (...)` for expected `import numpy` failures (ornladios#3974)
      748ae227 Add missing error handling to `module_::def_submodule` (ornladios#3973)
      de4ba92c Add `error_scope` to `detail::get_internals()` (ornladios#3981)
      b24c5ed2 Replace "Unknown internal error occurred" with a more helpful message. (ornladios#3982)
      9f7b3f73 addl unit tests for PR ornladios#3970 (ornladios#3977)
      cd08869d PYBIND11_NAMESPACE consistency fixes. (ornladios#4043)
      85bc0884 Report `C++ Info:` via `pytest_report_header()` (ornladios#4046)
      432bc5cf Add `std::string clean_type_id(const char *typeid_name)` overload (in namespace detail). (ornladios#4049)
      023b3f32 Undo accidental one-line change under PR ornladios#3913 (ornladios#4060)
      1d811910 Disable implicit conversion of `0` to `pybind11::handle`. (ornladios#4008)
      cb35a3c1 For PyPy only, re-enable old behavior (runs the risk of masking bugs) (ornladios#4079)
      9a296373 More systematic gcc & clang coverage (ornladios#4083)
      36655302 Add `-DPYBIND11_WERROR=ON` to mingw cmake commands (ornladios#4073)
      29f4940c Fix copy-paste oversight (ornladios#4118)
      68e6fdaa embed.h Python 3.11 `config.use_environment=1` + `PYTHONPATH` test (ornladios#4119)
      fac23b6f `error_fetch_and_normalize`: PyPy 7.3.10+ does not need the PR ornladios#4079 workaround anymore. (ornladios#4154)
      4a421562 test_eigen.py test_nonunit_stride_to_python bug fix (ASAN failure) (ornladios#4217)
      da104a9e Reproducer and fix for issue encountered in smart_holder update. (ornladios#4228)
      964c4997 Minor `py::capsule` cleanup. No functional change. (ornladios#4238)
      17c68091 ci: update PGI build (old one no longer signed) (#4260)
      5bc0943e Ensure config, build, toolchain, spelling, etc. issues are not masked. (ornladios#4255)
      3a2c96bd fix: unicode surrogate character in Python exception message. (#4297)
      b1bd7f26 fix: define (non-empty) `PYBIND11_EXPORT_EXCEPTION` only under macOS. (#4298)
      1f04cc70 Add windows_clang to ci.yml (#4323)
      296615ad Add macos_brew_install_llvm to ci.yml (#4326)
      48949222 Use `PyEval_InitThreads()` as intended (#4350)
      9c18a74e Use `multiprocessing` `start_method` `"forkserver"` (#4306)
      358ba459 Fix test added with PR #4330 (#4372)
      5b55f8fe Replace `ubuntu-latest` with `ubuntu-22.04` (#4382)
      65374c8e `pybind11::handle` `inc_ref()` & `dec_ref()` `PyGILState_Check()` **excluding** `nullptr` (ornladios#4246)
      663b86c2 Add flake8 `B905` to `extend-ignore` in setup.cfg (#4391)
      ff42f525 Systematically add `-DCMAKE_VERBOSE_MAKEFILE=ON` to obtain full command lines related to `-Wodr` (#4398)
      ece1206b ci: set `env: VERBOSE: 1` (#4405)
      f12e098f Fix `detail::obj_class_name()` to work correctly for meta classes. (#4436)
      6da268a5 ci: remove clang 10 C++20 (it broke recently) (#4438)
      d821788b Add clang15 C++20 job (#4443)
      e53d58af Ensure `import pybind11_tests` traceback is shown. (#4455)
      a500f439 Resolve new flake8 error (#4462)
      c71e3af7 Bump isort version to 5.12.0 (#4480)
      f8713ec4 Revert "bugfix: Keep registered types until after Py_Finalize(). Fix #4459 (#4486)" (#4501)
      b8f28551 Go back to CMake 3.25.2 (#4496)
      08a4a47a Revert "Go back to CMake 3.25.2 (#4496)" (#4503)
      d1956eab Appease new flake8 B028 error: (#4513)
      6a5e6007 Make warning suppressions MINGW-specific again. (#4515)
      442261da Remove test code that does not exercise anything in pybind11, but breaks between Python 3.12alpha3 (still working) and 3.12alpha6 (broken): (#4559)
      cf7d2e6f Change `always_forkserver_on_unix()` to `use_multiprocessing_forkserver_on_linux()` (#4577)
      654fe926 Introduce `get_python_state_dict()` for Python 3.12 compatibility. (#4570)
      07725c28 Introduce `pybind11::detail::is_move_constructible` (#4631)
      ff7f5dfc 1. Fully test unstable ABI (#4635)
      6de6191a Use `std::hash<std::type_index>`, `std::equal_to<std::type_index>` everywhere **except when libc++ is in use** (#4319)
      3f366ff8 Remove stray comment. (Oversight in PR #4631. Noticed by chance.) (#4641)
      90312a6e Add `type_caster<PyObject>` (#4601)
      e9b961d9 Elide to-python conversion of setter return values (#4621)
      19816f0d chore: update changelog, with target date for v2.11.0 release (#4677)
      ce9bbc0a Python 3.11+: Add `__notes__` to `error_already_set::what()` output. (#4678)
      8e1f9d5c Add `format_descriptor<>` & `npy_format_descriptor<>` `PyObject *` specializations. (#4674)
      29487dee Disable 🐍 3 • CentOS7 / PGI 22.9 • x64 (#4691)
      0e43fcc7 Python 3.12b2 testing (#4695)
      86f60a0c pre-commit markdown-it-py<3 (for Python 3.7 compatibility) (#4704)
      84932280 Systematically add `PIP_BREAK_SYSTEM_PACKAGES` to all .yml files from which pip is called. (#4705)
      e10da79b Undo ci.yml gcc10 workaround after docker-library/gcc#95 was resolved. (#4717)
      2fb3d7cb Trivial refactoring to make the capsule API more user friendly. (#4720)
      782b6281 Drop PyPy 3.7 from GitHub Actions (ci.yml) (#4728)
      1a917f18 docs: preparation for v2.11.0 release (#4744)
      e85696e8 Post release version bump (#4747)
      ec1b57c5 Disable `PYBIND11_ASSERT_GIL_HELD_INCREF_DECREF` generally for PyPy (not just PyPy Windows). (#4751)
      8d08dc64 Copy v2.11.1 changelog section as released. (#4755)
      f3e06028 Add command to check for vX.Y.Z tag vs pybind11/_version.py consistency. (#4757)
      17b61430 clang 17 compatibility fixes (#4767)
      690a115d Add `py::set_error()`, use in updated `py::exception<>` documentation (#4772)
      add281a2 Migrate to readthedocs configuration file v2¶ (#4789)
      80bcd21f [ci skip] Adopt nanobind config. (#4792)
      1adac5a5 `PYBIND11_INTERNALS_VERSION` bump for MSVC, piggy-backed on PR #4779. See comments there. (#4819)
      c9638a19 Help Coverty avoid generating a false positive. (#4817)
      d06d5369 Fix small bug introduced with PR #4735 (#4845)
      f468b070 Add 2 missing `throw error_already_set();` (#4863)
      0e2c3e5d Add pybind11/gil_safe_call_once.h (to fix deadlocks in pybind11/numpy.h) (#4877)
      7969049d Comment out failing job, with link to #4889 (#4890)
      bf88e29c Bug fix: Replace bare `static exception<T>` with `gil_safe_call_once_and_store`. (#4897)
      2c35fde3 Fix refcount bug introduced with PR #4916. (#4927)
      e250155a Fix a long-standing bug in the handling of Python multiple inheritance (#4762)
      869cc1ff install mingw-w64-${{matrix.env}}-python-scipy only for mingw64 (#5006)
      0efff79f Bug fixes: Add missing `handle_type_name` specializations. (#5073)
      ab955f15 Fix refcount bug involving trampoline functions with `PyObject *` return type. (#5156)
      5552cbf2 Add Python 3.10, 3.11, 3.12 to win32 job matrix. (#5179)
      f1a2e03d feat: remove Python 3.6 support (#5177)
      a406a62e fix: use `std::addressof` in type_caster_base.h (#5189)

Sam Gross (4):
      baa540ec fix: support free-threaded CPython with GIL disabled (#5148)
      2e35470c fix: use manual padding of instance_map_shard (#5200)
      bb05e081 Use PyMutex instead of std::mutex in free-threaded build. (#5219)
      43de8014 fix: make gil_safe_call_once thread-safe in free-threaded CPython (#5246)

Sebastian Berg (1):
      705efcce feat: make `numpy.h` compatible with both NumPy 1.x and 2.x (#5050)

Sergei Izmailov (8):
      8524b20c fix: Python-3.12 compatibility (ornladios#4168)
      e705fb5f Fix enum's `__str__` docstring (#4827)
      db412e6e fix: Render `py::function` as `Callable` (#4829)
      c8360593 feature: Support move-only iterators in `py::make_*iterator` (#4834)
      c9149d99 fix: Use lowercase builtin collection names (#4833)
      b4573674 Update render for buffer sequence and handle  (#4831)
      8c7b8dd0 fix: Missing typed variants of `iterator` and `iterable` (#4832)
      74439a64 feature: Use typed iterators in `make_*iterator` (#4876)

Sergei Lebedev (1):
      a05bc3d2 error_already_set::what() is now constructed lazily (ornladios#1895)

Social_Mean (1):
      31b0a5d9 fix doc typo

Stephan T. Lavavej (1):
      2d59b43c Qualify detail::forward_like to avoid conflict. (ornladios#4136)

T.Yamada (1):
      d0232b11 Use annotated for array (#4679)

Thierry Coppey (1):
      35ff42b5 Add a pybind function to clear a list. (#5153)

Thomas Eding (1):
      f8e8403b Open pybind11 namespace with consistent visility. (ornladios#4098)

Tim Stumbaugh (2):
      cca4c51c Update errors in string "Explicit conversions" docs (#4658)
      19a6b9f4 Fix typo in changelog date (#5096)

Varun Agrawal (1):
      e0f9e774 fix(cmake): remove extra = in flto assignment (#5207)

Vemund Handeland (1):
      07a61aa1 Fix char8_t support (#4278)

Victor Stinner (2):
      7d538a42 fix: make_static_property_type() (#4971)
      dc477fac fix: Use PyObject_VisitManagedDict() of Python 3.13 (#4973)

Xuehai Pan (1):
      9907bedc fix(.github): fix bug-report issue template (#4363)

aimir (1):
      9db98801 Correct class names for KeysView, ValuesView and ItemsView in bind_map (#4353)

albanD (1):
      c709d2a8 Make sure to properly untrack gc objects before freeing them (#4461)

biergaizi (1):
      da919262 fix: remove -stdlib=libc++ from setup helpers, not needed on modern Pythons (#4639)

bogdan-lab (1):
      f743bdf8 Avoid local_internals destruction (ornladios#4192)

bzaar (1):
      0620d716 Update README.rst - Add missing comma in the list of acknowlegements (#4750)

cyy (1):
      e3e24f3f fix: issuses detected by static analyzer (#4440)

cyyever (1):
      f2606930 Use newer PyCode API and other fixes (#4916)

dependabot[bot] (42):
      b58b772b chore(deps): bump actions/setup-python from 2 to 3 (ornladios#3895)
      e79293cf chore(deps): bump actions/cache from 2 to 3 (ornladios#3898)
      2a7cb008 chore(deps): bump actions/download-artifact from 2 to 3 (ornladios#3897)
      be4a634c chore(deps): bump actions/checkout from 2 to 3 (ornladios#3896)
      03252067 chore(deps): bump actions/upload-artifact from 2 to 3 (ornladios#3899)
      0e956a2e chore(deps): bump pre-commit/action from 2.0.3 to 3.0.0 (ornladios#3992)
      bc1f9f9b chore(deps): bump actions/setup-python from 3 to 4 (ornladios#3999)
      1e3400b6 chore(deps): bump pypa/gh-action-pypi-publish from 1.5.0 to 1.5.1 (ornladios#4091)
      283f10dc chore(deps): bump ilammy/msvc-dev-cmd from 1.10.0 to 1.11.0 (ornladios#4161)
      ff7b6971 chore(deps): bump jwlawson/actions-setup-cmake from 1.12 to 1.13 (ornladios#4233)
      5b5547bc chore(deps): bump ilammy/msvc-dev-cmd from 1.11.0 to 1.12.0 (ornladios#4242)
      b14d58b6 chore(deps): bump pypa/gh-action-pypi-publish from 1.5.1 to 1.5.2 (#4370)
      6a1023e3 chore(deps): bump deadsnakes/action from 2.1.1 to 3.0.0 (#4383)
      a6e75e4d chore(deps): bump pypa/gh-action-pypi-publish from 1.5.2 to 1.6.1 (#4384)
      65cc9d2a chore(deps): bump pypa/gh-action-pypi-publish from 1.6.1 to 1.6.4 (#4389)
      9ef65cee chore(deps): bump ilammy/msvc-dev-cmd from 1.12.0 to 1.12.1 (#4493)
      04ef4e42 chore(deps): bump pypa/gh-action-pypi-publish from 1.6.4 to 1.8.1 (#4576)
      286873ec chore(deps): bump pypa/gh-action-pypi-publish from 1.8.1 to 1.8.3 (#4584)
      7ab88d2e chore(deps): bump pypa/gh-action-pypi-publish from 1.8.3 to 1.8.4 (#4602)
      ed466da5 chore(deps): bump pypa/gh-action-pypi-publish from 1.8.4 to 1.8.5 (#4604)
      071f35ab chore(deps): bump jwlawson/actions-setup-cmake from 1.13 to 1.14 (#4632)
      dff75a62 chore(deps): bump pypa/gh-action-pypi-publish from 1.8.5 to 1.8.6 (#4650)
      c679a920 chore(deps): bump deadsnakes/action from 3.0.0 to 3.0.1 (#4687)
      d462dd91 chore(deps): bump scipy from 1.8.0 to 1.10.0 in /tests (#4731)
      b2732c6e chore(deps): bump pypa/gh-action-pypi-publish from 1.8.6 to 1.8.7 (#4718)
      4a2f7e46 chore(deps): bump actions/checkout from 1 to 4 (#4836)
      6c772085 chore(deps): bump seanmiddleditch/gha-setup-ninja from 3 to 4 (#4875)
      4bb6163b chore(deps): bump deadsnakes/action from 3.0.1 to 3.1.0 (#4951)
      68322895 chore(deps): bump actions/setup-python from 4 to 5 (#4965)
      e8a43ea9 chore(deps): bump actions/download-artifact from 3 to 4 (#4976)
      eeac2f45 chore(deps): bump actions/upload-artifact from 3 to 4 (#4975)
      b583336c chore(deps): bump ilammy/msvc-dev-cmd from 1.12.1 to 1.13.0 (#4995)
      8b48ff87 chore(deps): bump the actions group with 3 updates (#5024)
      c9747570 chore(deps): bump idna from 3.6 to 3.7 in /docs (#5121)
      75025779 chore(deps): bump jinja2 from 3.1.3 to 3.1.4 in /docs (#5122)
      ede061ca chore(deps): bump the actions group with 1 update (#5082)
      b07fddb2 --- (#5130)
      fdd20d69 chore(deps): bump seanmiddleditch/gha-setup-ninja in the actions group (#5169)
      1961b96a chore(deps): bump urllib3 from 2.2.1 to 2.2.2 in /docs (#5170)
      d78446cc chore(deps): bump actions/attest-build-provenance in the actions group (#5216)
      50acb81b chore(deps): bump certifi from 2024.2.2 to 2024.7.4 in /docs (#5226)
      ccefee4c chore(deps): bump actions/attest-build-provenance in the actions group (#5243)

gitartpiano (1):
      88b019a8 fix pybind11Tools.cmake typo causing Unknown arguments (#4327)

kajananchinniah (1):
      70af9873 docs: fixed typo in spelling of first (#4428)

luzpaz (1):
      a672de7c Fix source comment typo (#4388)

nobkd (1):
      6497b3f2 docs(numpy): drop duplicated ndim (#5119)

pre-commit-ci[bot] (41):
      f2f0c690 [pre-commit.ci] pre-commit autoupdate (ornladios#3848)
      ad0de0f5 [pre-commit.ci] pre-commit autoupdate (ornladios#3863)
      e8e229fa [pre-commit.ci] pre-commit autoupdate (ornladios#3885)
      9a16e55a [pre-commit.ci] pre-commit autoupdate (ornladios#3903)
      ad146b2a [pre-commit.ci] pre-commit autoupdate (ornladios#3933)
      c5fa3436 [pre-commit.ci] pre-commit autoupdate (ornladios#3951)
      21f0e72b [pre-commit.ci] pre-commit autoupdate (ornladios#4003)
      2ad974c9 [pre-commit.ci] pre-commit autoupdate (ornladios#4021)
      dd3bf7fd [pre-commit.ci] pre-commit autoupdate (ornladios#4030)
      c42e3ab7 [pre-commit.ci] pre-commit autoupdate (ornladios#4041)
      790241bc [pre-commit.ci] pre-commit autoupdate (ornladios#4058)
      ef7d971e [pre-commit.ci] pre-commit autoupdate (ornladios#4082)
      aa953710 [pre-commit.ci] pre-commit autoupdate (ornladios#4090)
      ba5ccd84 [pre-commit.ci] pre-commit autoupdate (ornladios#4104)
      14c84654 [pre-commit.ci] pre-commit autoupdate (ornladios#4126)
      8756f16e [pre-commit.ci] pre-commit autoupdate (ornladios#4151)
      aa8f8baa [pre-commit.ci] pre-commit autoupdate (ornladios#4171)
      64f72818 [pre-commit.ci] pre-commit autoupdate (ornladios#4178)
      d02f219f [pre-commit.ci] pre-commit autoupdate (ornladios#4189)
      da8c730a [pre-commit.ci] pre-commit autoupdate (ornladios#4197)
      600d6976 [pre-commit.ci] pre-commit autoupdate (ornladios#4210)
      2441d25b chore(deps): update pre-commit hooks (#4302)
      4768a6f8 chore(deps): update pre-commit hooks (#4386)
      769fd3b8 chore(deps): update pre-commit hooks (#4439)
      8a90b367 chore(deps): update pre-commit hooks (#4495)
      cbb876cc chore(deps): update pre-commit hooks (#4552)
      5e946c2f chore(deps): update pre-commit hooks (#4605)
      b3e88ecf chore(deps): update pre-commit hooks (#4648)
      3617f355 chore(deps): update pre-commit hooks (#4689)
      47dc0c4b chore(deps): update pre-commit hooks (#4727)
      413e6328 chore(deps): update pre-commit hooks (#4770)
      467fe27b chore(deps): update pre-commit hooks (#4838)
      2b2e4ca4 chore(deps): update pre-commit hooks (#4868)
      0a974fed chore(deps): update pre-commit hooks (#4923)
      c1e06f5b chore(deps): update pre-commit hooks (#4963)
      f29def9e chore(deps): update pre-commit hooks (#4994)
      416f7a44 chore(deps): update pre-commit hooks (#5018)
      f33f6afb chore(deps): update pre-commit hooks (#5084)
      aa98d957 chore(deps): update pre-commit hooks (#5123)
      b9794be4 chore(deps): update pre-commit hooks (#5154)
      b21b0490 chore(deps): update pre-commit hooks (#5220)

wenqing (1):
      51c2aa16 Fixed a compilation error with gcc 14 (#5208)

xkszltl (1):
      a19daeac Inconsistent comments between 2 templates of `unchecked()`. (#4519)

include/pybind11/attr.h

@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@
 
 #pragma once
 
+#include "detail/common.h"
 #include "cast.h"
 
 #include <functional>
@@ -25,6 +26,9 @@ struct is_method {
     explicit is_method(const handle &c) : class_(c) {}
 };
 
+/// Annotation for setters
+struct is_setter {};
+
 /// Annotation for operators
 struct is_operator {};
 
@@ -187,8 +191,8 @@ struct argument_record {
 struct function_record {
     function_record()
         : is_constructor(false), is_new_style_constructor(false), is_stateless(false),
-          is_operator(false), is_method(false), has_args(false), has_kwargs(false),
-          prepend(false) {}
+          is_operator(false), is_method(false), is_setter(false), has_args(false),
+          has_kwargs(false), prepend(false) {}
 
     /// Function name
     char *name = nullptr; /* why no C++ strings? They generate heavier code.. */
@@ -229,6 +233,9 @@ struct function_record {
     /// True if this is a method
     bool is_method : 1;
 
+    /// True if this is a setter
+    bool is_setter : 1;
+
     /// True if the function has a '*args' argument
     bool has_args : 1;
 
@@ -344,9 +351,11 @@ struct type_record {
 
         bases.append((PyObject *) base_info->type);
 
-        if (base_info->type->tp_dictoffset != 0) {
-            dynamic_attr = true;
-        }
+#if PY_VERSION_HEX < 0x030B0000
+        dynamic_attr |= base_info->type->tp_dictoffset != 0;
+#else
+        dynamic_attr |= (base_info->type->tp_flags & Py_TPFLAGS_MANAGED_DICT) != 0;
+#endif
 
         if (caster) {
             base_info->implicit_casts.emplace_back(type, caster);
@@ -396,7 +405,7 @@ struct process_attribute<doc> : process_attribute_default<doc> {
 template <>
 struct process_attribute<const char *> : process_attribute_default<const char *> {
     static void init(const char *d, function_record *r) { r->doc = const_cast<char *>(d); }
-    static void init(const char *d, type_record *r) { r->doc = const_cast<char *>(d); }
+    static void init(const char *d, type_record *r) { r->doc = d; }
 };
 template <>
 struct process_attribute<char *> : process_attribute<const char *> {};
@@ -423,6 +432,12 @@ struct process_attribute<is_method> : process_attribute_default<is_method> {
     }
 };
 
+/// Process an attribute which indicates that this function is a setter
+template <>
+struct process_attribute<is_setter> : process_attribute_default<is_setter> {
+    static void init(const is_setter &, function_record *r) { r->is_setter = true; }
+};
+
 /// Process an attribute which indicates the parent scope of a method
 template <>
 struct process_attribute<scope> : process_attribute_default<scope> {
@@ -477,7 +492,7 @@ struct process_attribute<arg_v> : process_attribute_default<arg_v> {
         }
 
         if (!a.value) {
-#if !defined(NDEBUG)
+#if defined(PYBIND11_DETAILED_ERROR_MESSAGES)
             std::string descr("'");
             if (a.name) {
                 descr += std::string(a.name) + ": ";
@@ -498,7 +513,8 @@ struct process_attribute<arg_v> : process_attribute_default<arg_v> {
 #else
             pybind11_fail("arg(): could not convert default argument "
                           "into a Python object (type not registered yet?). "
-                          "Compile in debug mode for more information.");
+                          "#define PYBIND11_DETAILED_ERROR_MESSAGES or compile in debug mode for "
+                          "more information.");
 #endif
         }
         r->args.emplace_back(a.name, a.descr, a.value.inc_ref(), !a.flag_noconvert, a.flag_none);

include/pybind11/buffer_info.h

@@ -37,6 +37,9 @@ inline std::vector<ssize_t> f_strides(const std::vector<ssize_t> &shape, ssize_t
     return strides;
 }
 
+template <typename T, typename SFINAE = void>
+struct compare_buffer_info;
+
 PYBIND11_NAMESPACE_END(detail)
 
 /// Information record describing a Python buffer object
@@ -99,22 +102,22 @@ struct buffer_info {
     template <typename T>
     buffer_info(const T *ptr, ssize_t size, bool readonly = true)
         : buffer_info(
-            const_cast<T *>(ptr), sizeof(T), format_descriptor<T>::format(), size, readonly) {}
+              const_cast<T *>(ptr), sizeof(T), format_descriptor<T>::format(), size, readonly) {}
 
     explicit buffer_info(Py_buffer *view, bool ownview = true)
         : buffer_info(
-            view->buf,
-            view->itemsize,
-            view->format,
-            view->ndim,
-            {view->shape, view->shape + view->ndim},
-            /* Though buffer::request() requests PyBUF_STRIDES, ctypes objects
-             * ignore this flag and return a view with NULL strides.
-             * When strides are NULL, build them manually.  */
-            view->strides
-                ? std::vector<ssize_t>(view->strides, view->strides + view->ndim)
-                : detail::c_strides({view->shape, view->shape + view->ndim}, view->itemsize),
-            (view->readonly != 0)) {
+              view->buf,
+              view->itemsize,
+              view->format,
+              view->ndim,
+              {view->shape, view->shape + view->ndim},
+              /* Though buffer::request() requests PyBUF_STRIDES, ctypes objects
+               * ignore this flag and return a view with NULL strides.
+               * When strides are NULL, build them manually.  */
+              view->strides
+                  ? std::vector<ssize_t>(view->strides, view->strides + view->ndim)
+                  : detail::c_strides({view->shape, view->shape + view->ndim}, view->itemsize),
+              (view->readonly != 0)) {
         // NOLINTNEXTLINE(cppcoreguidelines-prefer-member-initializer)
         this->m_view = view;
         // NOLINTNEXTLINE(cppcoreguidelines-prefer-member-initializer)
@@ -150,6 +153,17 @@ struct buffer_info {
     Py_buffer *view() const { return m_view; }
     Py_buffer *&view() { return m_view; }
 
+    /* True if the buffer item type is equivalent to `T`. */
+    // To define "equivalent" by example:
+    // `buffer_info::item_type_is_equivalent_to<int>(b)` and
+    // `buffer_info::item_type_is_equivalent_to<long>(b)` may both be true
+    // on some platforms, but `int` and `unsigned` will never be equivalent.
+    // For the ground truth, please inspect `detail::compare_buffer_info<>`.
+    template <typename T>
+    bool item_type_is_equivalent_to() const {
+        return detail::compare_buffer_info<T>::compare(*this);
+    }
+
 private:
     struct private_ctr_tag {};
 
@@ -162,17 +176,18 @@ struct buffer_info {
                 detail::any_container<ssize_t> &&strides_in,
                 bool readonly)
         : buffer_info(
-            ptr, itemsize, format, ndim, std::move(shape_in), std::move(strides_in), readonly) {}
+              ptr, itemsize, format, ndim, std::move(shape_in), std::move(strides_in), readonly) {}
 
     Py_buffer *m_view = nullptr;
     bool ownview = false;
 };
 
 PYBIND11_NAMESPACE_BEGIN(detail)
 
-template <typename T, typename SFINAE = void>
+template <typename T, typename SFINAE>
 struct compare_buffer_info {
     static bool compare(const buffer_info &b) {
+        // NOLINTNEXTLINE(bugprone-sizeof-expression) Needed for `PyObject *`
         return b.format == format_descriptor<T>::format() && b.itemsize == (ssize_t) sizeof(T);
     }
 };