RDFLIb-based Python toolkit for inspecting ontologies on the Semantic Web.
Check the __init__.py file
####Installation:
easy_install ontospy
or
pip install ontospy
####Dependencies:
- http://www.rdflib.net/ (tested on versions 2.4 and 3.0).
Originally, I developed this script in order to get the hang of the Python RDFLib library (note: it was previously called OntoInspector and hosted on BitBucket). RDFLib provides a number of useful primitives for working with RDF graphs; however it lacks an API aimed at interrogating and modifying a graph based on its defined schema - aka the ontology.
OntosPy allows you to extract all the schema information from an RDFS/OWL ontology, inspect it and use it query a corresponding knowledge base.
The basic worflow is simple: load an ontology by instantiating the Ontology class; you get back an object that lets you interrogate the RDFS/OWL schema. That's all!
Ps: the library can be used in standalone mode too.
In [1]: from ontospy import *
In [2]: onto = Ontology("http://xmlns.com/foaf/spec/20100809.rdf")
In [3]: onto.toplayer
Out[3]:
[rdflib.URIRef('http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/Agent'),
rdflib.URIRef('http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class'),
rdflib.URIRef('http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#Concept'),
rdflib.URIRef('http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/Document'),
rdflib.URIRef('http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/LabelProperty'),
rdflib.URIRef('http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Literal'),
rdflib.URIRef('http://www.w3.org/2000/10/swap/pim/contact#Person'),
rdflib.URIRef('http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/Project'),
rdflib.URIRef('http://www.w3.org/2003/01/geo/wgs84_pos#SpatialThing'),
rdflib.URIRef('http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#Thing')]
In [4]: onto.printClassTree()
foaf:Agent
----foaf:Group
----foaf:Organization
----foaf:Person
rdfs:Class
http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#Concept
foaf:Document
----foaf:Image
----foaf:PersonalProfileDocument
foaf:LabelProperty
rdfs:Literal
http://www.w3.org/2000/10/swap/pim/contact#Person
----foaf:Person
foaf:Project
http://www.w3.org/2003/01/geo/wgs84_pos#SpatialThing
----foaf:Person
owl:Thing
----foaf:OnlineAccount
--------foaf:OnlineChatAccount
--------foaf:OnlineEcommerceAccount
--------foaf:OnlineGamingAccount
In [5]: document = onto.classFind("document")
In [6]: document
Out[6]:
[rdflib.URIRef('http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/Document'),
rdflib.URIRef('http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/PersonalProfileDocument')]
In [7]: document = document[0]
In [8]: document
Out[8]: rdflib.URIRef('http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/Document')
In [9]: onto.classAllSubs(document)
Out[9]:
[rdflib.URIRef('http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/Image'),
rdflib.URIRef('http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/PersonalProfileDocument')]
In [10]: onto.classAllSupers(document)
Out[10]: []
In [11]: onto.entityComment(document)
Out[11]: rdflib.Literal('A document.', language=None, datatype=None)
The library includes a little utility called sketch.py.
This is meant to be used from the command line (Tip: make this file executable: chmod +x sketch.py) and essentially loads up an interactive python environment where you can quickly sketch out an rdf model in turtle.
[michele.pasin]@here:~/code/python>sketch.py
Good morning. Ready to Turtle away. Type docs() for help.
In [1]: docs()
====Sketch v 0.2====
add() ==> add statements to the graph
...........SHORTCUTS:
...........'class' = owl:Class
...........'sub' = rdfs:subClassOf
...........TURTLE SYNTAX: http://www.w3.org/TR/turtle/
show() ==> shows the graph. Can take an OPTIONAL argument for the format.
...........eg one of['xml', 'n3', 'turtle', 'nt', 'pretty-xml', dot']
clear() ==> clears the graph
...........all triples are removed
omnigraffle() ==> creates a dot file and opens it with omnigraffle
...........First you must set Omingraffle as your system default app for dot files!
quit() ==> exit
====Have fun!====
In [2]: add()
Multi-line input. Enter ### when finished.
:person a class
:mike a :person
:person sub :agent
:organization sub :agent
:worksIn rdfs:domain :person
:worksIn rdfs:range :organization
:mike :worksIn :DamageInc
:DamageInc a :organization
In [3]: show()
@prefix : <http://this.sketch#> .
@prefix bibo: <http://purl.org/ontology/bibo/> .
@prefix foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/> .
@prefix npg: <http://ns.nature.com/terms/> .
@prefix npgg: <http://ns.nature.com/graphs/> .
@prefix npgx: <http://ns.nature.com/extensions/> .
@prefix owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#> .
@prefix rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#> .
@prefix rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#> .
@prefix skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#> .
@prefix xml: <http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace> .
@prefix xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#> .
:mike a :person ;
:worksIn :DamageInc .
:worksIn rdfs:domain :person ;
rdfs:range :organization .
:DamageInc a :organization .
:organization rdfs:subClassOf :agent .
:person a owl:Class ;
rdfs:subClassOf :agent .
In [4]: show("xml")
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<rdf:RDF
xmlns="http://this.sketch#"
xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#"
xmlns:rdfs="http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#"
>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="http://this.sketch#mike">
<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://this.sketch#person"/>
<worksIn rdf:resource="http://this.sketch#DamageInc"/>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="http://this.sketch#organization">
<rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="http://this.sketch#agent"/>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="http://this.sketch#DamageInc">
<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://this.sketch#organization"/>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="http://this.sketch#person">
<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#Class"/>
<rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="http://this.sketch#agent"/>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="http://this.sketch#worksIn">
<rdfs:domain rdf:resource="http://this.sketch#person"/>
<rdfs:range rdf:resource="http://this.sketch#organization"/>
</rdf:Description>
</rdf:RDF>
In [5]: omnigraffle()
### saves a dot file and tries to open it with your default editor
### if you're on a mac and have omnigraffle - that could be the one!
In [6]: quit()