Database Cookbook

The main highlight of this cookbook is the database and database_user resources for managing databases and database users in a RDBMS. Providers for MySQL, PostgreSQL and SQL Server are also provided, see usage documentation below.

Requirements

Platforms

• Debian / Ubuntu derivatives
• RHEL derivatives
• Fedora

Chef

• Chef 11+

Cookbooks

The following Chef Software cookbooks are dependencies:

• postgresql

Resources/Providers

These resources aim to expose an abstraction layer for interacting with different RDBMS in a general way. Currently the cookbook ships with providers for MySQL, PostgreSQL and SQL Server. Please see specific usage in the Example sections below. The providers use specific Ruby gems installed under Chef's Ruby environment to execute commands and carry out actions. These gems will need to be installed before the providers can operate correctly. Specific notes for each RDBS flavor:

• MySQL: leverages the mysql2 gem, which can be installed with the mysql2_chef_gem resource prior to use (available on the Supermarket). You must depend on the mysql2_chef_gem cookbook, then use a mysql2_chef_gem resource to install it. The resource allows the user to select MySQL client library versions, as well as optionally select MariaDB libraries.

• PostgreSQL: leverages the pg gem which is installed as part of the postgresql::ruby recipe. You must declare include_recipe "database::postgresql" to include this.

• SQL Server: leverages the tiny_tds gem which is installed as part of the sql_server::client recipe.

database

Manage databases in a RDBMS. Use the proper shortcut resource depending on your RDBMS: mysql_database, postgresql_database or sql_server_database.

Actions

• :create: create a named database
• :drop: drop a named database
• :query: execute an arbitrary query against a named database

Attribute Parameters

• database_name: name attribute. Name of the database to interact with

• connection: hash of connection info. valid keys include :host, :port, :username, and :password

  • only for MySQL DB*: :flags (see Mysql2::Client@@default_query_options[:connect_flags])
  • only for PostgreSQL: :database (overwrites parameter database_name)

• sql: string of sql or a block that executes to a string of sql, which will be executed against the database. used by :query action only

* The database cookbook uses the mysql2 gem.

"The value of host may be either a host name or an IP address. If host is NULL or the string "127.0.0.1", a connection to the local host is assumed. For Windows, the client connects using a shared-memory connection, if the server has shared-memory connections enabled. Otherwise, TCP/IP is used. For a host value of "." on Windows, the client connects using a named pipe, if the server has named-pipe connections enabled. If named-pipe connections are not enabled, an error occurs."

If you specify a :socket key and are using the mysql_service resource to set up the MySQL service, you'll need to specify the path in the form /var/run/mysql-<instance name>/mysqld.sock.

Providers

• Chef::Provider::Database::Mysql: shortcut resource mysql_database
• Chef::Provider::Database::Postgresql: shortcut resource postgresql_database
• Chef::Provider::Database::SqlServer: shortcut resource sql_server_database

Examples

# Create a mysql database
mysql_database 'wordpress-cust01' do
  connection(
    :host     => '127.0.0.1',
    :username => 'root',
    :password => node['wordpress-cust01']['mysql']['initial_root_password']
  )
  action :create
end

# Create a mysql database on a named mysql instance
mysql_database 'oracle_rools' do
  connection(
    :host     => '127.0.0.1',
    :username => 'root',
    :socket   => "/var/run/mysql-#{instance-name}/mysqld.sock"
    :password => node['mysql']['server_root_password']
  )
  action :create
end

# Create a sql server database
sql_server_database 'mr_softie' do
  connection(
    :host     => '127.0.0.1',
    :port     => node['sql_server']['port'],
    :username => 'sa',
    :password => node['sql_server']['server_sa_password']
  )
  action :create
end

# create a postgresql database
postgresql_database 'mr_softie' do
  connection(
    :host      => '127.0.0.1',
    :port      => 5432,
    :username  => 'postgres',
    :password  => node['postgresql']['password']['postgres']
  )
  action :create
end

# create a postgresql database with additional parameters
postgresql_database 'mr_softie' do
  connection(
    :host     => '127.0.0.1',
    :port     => 5432,
    :username => 'postgres',
    :password => node['postgresql']['password']['postgres']
  )
  template 'DEFAULT'
  encoding 'DEFAULT'
  tablespace 'DEFAULT'
  connection_limit '-1'
  owner 'postgres'
  action :create
end

# Externalize conection info in a ruby hash
mysql_connection_info = {
  :host     => '127.0.0.1',
  :username => 'root',
  :password => node['mysql']['server_root_password']
}

sql_server_connection_info = {
  :host     => '127.0.0.1',
  :port     => node['sql_server']['port'],
  :username => 'sa',
  :password => node['sql_server']['server_sa_password']
}

postgresql_connection_info = {
  :host     => '127.0.0.1',
  :port     => node['postgresql']['config']['port'],
  :username => 'postgres',
  :password => node['postgresql']['password']['postgres']
}

# Same create commands, connection info as an external hash
mysql_database 'foo' do
  connection mysql_connection_info
  action :create
end

sql_server_database 'foo' do
  connection sql_server_connection_info
  action     :create
end

postgresql_database 'foo' do
  connection postgresql_connection_info
  action     :create
end

# Create database, set provider in resource parameter
database 'bar' do
  connection mysql_connection_info
  provider   Chef::Provider::Database::Mysql
  action     :create
end

database 'bar' do
  connection sql_server_connection_info
  provider   Chef::Provider::Database::SqlServer
  action     :create
end

database 'bar' do
  connection postgresql_connection_info
  provider   Chef::Provider::Database::Postgresql
  action     :create
end



# Drop a database
mysql_database 'baz' do
  connection mysql_connection_info
  action    :drop
end



# Query a database
mysql_database 'flush the privileges' do
  connection mysql_connection_info
  sql        'flush privileges'
  action     :query
end


# Query a database from a sql script on disk
mysql_database 'run script' do
  connection mysql_connection_info
  sql { ::File.open('/path/to/sql_script.sql').read }
  action :query
end



# Vacuum a postgres database
postgresql_database 'vacuum databases' do
  connection      postgresql_connection_info
  database_name 'template1'
  sql 'VACUUM FULL VERBOSE ANALYZE'
  action :query
end

database_user

Manage users and user privileges in a RDBMS. Use the proper shortcut resource depending on your RDBMS: mysql_database_user, postgresql_database_user, or sql_server_database_user.

Actions

• :create: create a user
• :drop: drop a user
• :grant: manipulate user privileges on database objects

Attribute Parameters

• username: name attribute. Name of the database user
• password: password for the user account
• database_name: Name of the database to interact with
• connection: hash of connection info. valid keys include :host, :port, :username, :password
• privileges: array of database privileges to grant user. used by the :grant action. default is :all
• host: host where user connections are allowed from. used by MySQL provider only. default is '127.0.0.1'
• table: table to grant privileges on. used by :grant action and MySQL provider only. default is '*' (all tables)
• require_ssl: true or false to force SSL connections to be used for user

Providers

• Chef::Provider::Database::MysqlUser: shortcut resource mysql_database_user
• Chef::Provider::Database::PostgresqlUser: shortcut resource postgresql_database_user
• Chef::Provider::Database::SqlServerUser: shortcut resource sql_server_database_user

Examples

# create connection info as an external ruby hash
mysql_connection_info = {:host => "127.0.0.1",
                         :username => 'root',
                         :password => node['mysql']['server_root_password']}
postgresql_connection_info = {:host => "127.0.0.1",
                              :port => node['postgresql']['config']['port'],
                              :username => 'postgres',
                              :password => node['postgresql']['password']['postgres']}
sql_server_connection_info = {:host => "127.0.0.1",
                              :port => node['sql_server']['port'],
                              :username => 'sa',
                              :password => node['sql_server']['server_sa_password']}

# create a mysql user but grant no privileges
mysql_database_user 'disenfranchised' do
  connection mysql_connection_info
  password 'super_secret'
  action :create
end

# do the same but pass the provider to the database resource
database_user 'disenfranchised' do
  connection mysql_connection_info
  password 'super_secret'
  provider Chef::Provider::Database::MysqlUser
  action :create
end

# create a postgresql user but grant no privileges
postgresql_database_user 'disenfranchised' do
  connection postgresql_connection_info
  password 'super_secret'
  action :create
end

# do the same but pass the provider to the database resource
database_user 'disenfranchised' do
  connection postgresql_connection_info
  password 'super_secret'
  provider Chef::Provider::Database::PostgresqlUser
  action :create
end

# create a sql server user but grant no privileges
sql_server_database_user 'disenfranchised' do
  connection sql_server_connection_info
  password 'super_secret'
  action :create
end

# drop a mysql user
mysql_database_user "foo_user" do
  connection mysql_connection_info
  action :drop
end

# bulk drop sql server users
%w{ disenfranchised foo_user }.each do |user|
  sql_server_database_user user do
    connection sql_server_connection_info
    action :drop
  end
end

# grant select,update,insert privileges to all tables in foo db from all hosts, requiring connections over SSL
mysql_database_user 'foo_user' do
  connection mysql_connection_info
  password 'super_secret'
  database_name 'foo'
  host '%'
  privileges [:select,:update,:insert]
  require_ssl true
  action :grant
end

# grant all privileges on all databases/tables from 127.0.0.1
mysql_database_user 'super_user' do
  connection mysql_connection_info
  password 'super_secret'
  action :grant
end

# grant all privileges on all tables in foo db
postgresql_database_user 'foo_user' do
  connection postgresql_connection_info
  database_name 'foo'
  privileges [:all]
  action :grant
end

# grant select,update,insert privileges to all tables in foo db
sql_server_database_user 'foo_user' do
  connection sql_server_connection_info
  password 'super_secret'
  database_name 'foo'
  privileges [:select,:update,:insert]
  action :grant
end

Providers

• Chef::Provider::Database::MysqlUser: shortcut resource mysql_database_user
• Chef::Provider::Database::PostgresqlUser: shortcut resource postgresql_database_user
• Chef::Provider::Database::SqlServerUser: shortcut resourcesql_server_database_user

Examples

# create connection info as an external ruby hash
mysql_connection_info = {
  :host     => '127.0.0.1',
  :username => 'root',
  :password => node['mysql']['server_root_password']
}

postgresql_connection_info = {
  :host     => '127.0.0.1',
  :port     => node['postgresql']['config']['port'],
  :username => 'postgres',
  :password => node['postgresql']['password']['postgres']
}

sql_server_connection_info = {
  :host     => '127.0.0.1',
  :port     => node['sql_server']['port'],
  :username => 'sa',
  :password => node['sql_server']['server_sa_password']
}

# Create a mysql user but grant no privileges
mysql_database_user 'disenfranchised' do
  connection mysql_connection_info
  password   'super_secret'
  action     :create
end

# Do the same but pass the provider to the database resource
database_user 'disenfranchised' do
  connection mysql_connection_info
  password   'super_secret'
  provider   Chef::Provider::Database::MysqlUser
  action     :create
end

# Create a postgresql user but grant no privileges
postgresql_database_user 'disenfranchised' do
  connection postgresql_connection_info
  password   'super_secret'
  action     :create
end

# Do the same but pass the provider to the database resource
database_user 'disenfranchised' do
  connection postgresql_connection_info
  password   'super_secret'
  provider   Chef::Provider::Database::PostgresqlUser
  action     :create
end

# Create a sql server user but grant no privileges
sql_server_database_user 'disenfranchised' do
  connection sql_server_connection_info
  password   'super_secret'
  action     :create
end

# Drop a mysql user
mysql_database_user 'foo_user' do
  connection mysql_connection_info
  action     :drop
end

# Bulk drop sql server users
%w(disenfranchised foo_user).each do |user|
  sql_server_database_user user do
    connection sql_server_connection_info
    action     :drop
  end
end

# Grant SELECT, UPDATE, and INSERT privileges to all tables in foo db from all hosts
mysql_database_user 'foo_user' do
  connection    mysql_connection_info
  password      'super_secret'
  database_name 'foo'
  host          '%'
  privileges    [:select,:update,:insert]
  action        :grant
end

# Grant all privileges on all databases/tables from 127.0.0.1
mysql_database_user 'super_user' do
  connection mysql_connection_info
  password   'super_secret'
  action     :grant
end

# Grant all privileges on all tables in foo db
postgresql_database_user 'foo_user' do
  connection    postgresql_connection_info
  database_name 'foo'
  privileges    [:all]
  action        :grant
end

# grant select,update,insert privileges to all tables in foo db
sql_server_database_user 'foo_user' do
  connection    sql_server_connection_info
  password      'super_secret'
  database_name 'foo'
  privileges    [:select,:update,:insert]
  action        :grant
end

License & Authors

• Author:: Adam Jacob (adam@chef.io)
• Author:: Joshua Timberman (joshua@chef.io)
• Author:: AJ Christensen (aj@chef.io)
• Author:: Seth Chisamore (schisamo@chef.io)
• Author:: Lamont Granquist (lamont@chef.io)
• Author:: Sean OMeara (sean@chef.io)

Copyright 2009-2015, Chef Software, Inc.

Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
You may obtain a copy of the License at

    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0

Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
limitations under the License.