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On Photon OS, Tiny DNF is the default package manager for installing new packages. This document explains how to use tdnf when it is running on Photon OS.
If, however, you have installed tdnf on a Linux distribution other than Photon OS, most of the commands and options should work in the same way, with the exception of the repository locations. You will have to set up your own repository; see Adding a New Repository on adding a new repository. A quick solution is to download the Photon OS repository package--named photon-repos--from the Photon OS packages site and install it.
Tdnf is a C implementation of DNF package manager. The standard syntax for tdnf commands is the same as that for DNF:
tdnf [options] <command> [<arguments>...]
You can view its help information like this:
tdnf --help
tdnf -h
The main configuration files reside in /etc/tdnf/tdnf.conf. The configuration file looks like this:
cat /etc/tdnf/tdnf.conf
[main]
gpgcheck=1
installonly_limit=3
clean_requirements_on_remove=true
repodir=/etc/yum.repos.d
cachedir=/var/cache/tdnf
The cache files for data and metadata reside in /var/cache/tdnf.
The repositories appear in /etc/yum.repos.d/ with .repo file extensions:
ls /etc/yum.repos.d/
lightwave.repo
photon-extras.repo
photon-iso.repo
photon-updates.repo
photon.repo
You can list the the repositories by using the tdnf repolist command. Tdnf filters the results with enabled, disabled, and all. Running the command without specifying an argument returns the enabled repositories:
tdnf repolist
repo id repo name status
lightwave VMware Lightwave 1.0(x86_64) enabled
photon-updates VMware Photon Linux 1.0(x86_64)Updates enabled
photon-extras VMware Photon Extras 1.0(x86_64) enabled
photon VMware Photon Linux 1.0(x86_64) enabled
The photon-iso.repo, however, does not appear in the list of repositories because it is unavailable on the virtual machine from which these examples are taken. Photon-iso.repo is the default repository; it points to /media/cdrom. The contents of photon-iso.repo look like this:
cat /etc/yum.repos.d/photon-iso.repo
[photon-iso]
name=VMWare Photon Linux 1.0(x86_64)
baseurl=file:///mnt/cdrom/RPMS
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/VMWARE-RPM-GPG-KEY
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
skip_if_unavailable=True
The local cache is populated with data from the repository:
ls -l /var/cache/tdnf/photon
total 8
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 May 18 22:52 repodata
d-wxr----t 3 root root 4096 May 3 22:51 rpms
You can clear the cache to help troubleshoot a problem, but keep in mind that doing so might slow the performance of tdnf until the cache becomes repopulated with data. Here is how to clear the cache:
tdnf clean all
Cleaning repos: photon photon-extras photon-updates lightwave
Cleaning up everything
The command purges the repository data from the cache:
ls -l /var/cache/tdnf/photon
total 4
d-wxr----t 3 root root 4096 May 3 22:51 rpms
See Common Command Line Options for more detailed and complete documentation.
You can add the following options to tdnf commands. If the option to override a configuration is unavailable in a command, consider adding it to the configuration file, /etc/tdnf/tdnf.conf.
OPTION DESCRIPTION
--allowerasing Allow erasing of installed packages to resolve dependencies
--assumeno Answer no for all questions
--best Try the best available package versions in transactions
--debugsolver Dump data aiding in dependency solver debugging info.
--disablerepo=<repoid> Disable specific repositories by an id or a glob.
--enablerepo=<repoid> Enable specific repositories
-h, --help Display help
--refresh Set metadata as expired before running command
--nogpgcheck Skip gpg check on packages
--rpmverbosity=<debug level name> Debug level for rpm
--version Print version and exit
-y, --assumeyes Answer yes to all questions
Here is an example that adds the short form of the assumeyes option to the install command:
tdnf -y install gcc
Upgrading:
gcc x86_64 5.3.0-1.ph1 91.35 M