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<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
<meta http-equiv="Content-Style-Type" content="text/css" />
<meta name="generator" content="pandoc" />
<meta name="author" content="Nick Craig-Wood" />
<title>rclone(1) User Manual</title>
<style type="text/css">code{white-space: pre;}</style>
</head>
<body>
<div id="header">
<h1 class="title">rclone(1) User Manual</h1>
<h2 class="author">Nick Craig-Wood</h2>
<h3 class="date">Sep 30, 2017</h3>
</div>
<h1 id="rclone">Rclone</h1>
<p><a href="https://rclone.org/"><img src="https://rclone.org/img/rclone-120x120.png" alt="Logo" /></a></p>
<p>Rclone is a command line program to sync files and directories to and from:</p>
<ul>
<li>Amazon Drive</li>
<li>Amazon S3</li>
<li>Backblaze B2</li>
<li>Box</li>
<li>Ceph</li>
<li>Dreamhost</li>
<li>Dropbox</li>
<li>FTP</li>
<li>Google Cloud Storage</li>
<li>Google Drive</li>
<li>HTTP</li>
<li>Hubic</li>
<li>Memset Memstore</li>
<li>Microsoft Azure Blob Storage</li>
<li>Microsoft OneDrive</li>
<li>Minio</li>
<li>OVH</li>
<li>Openstack Swift</li>
<li>Oracle Cloud Storage</li>
<li>QingStor</li>
<li>Rackspace Cloud Files</li>
<li>SFTP</li>
<li>Wasabi</li>
<li>Yandex Disk</li>
<li>The local filesystem</li>
</ul>
<p>Features</p>
<ul>
<li>MD5/SHA1 hashes checked at all times for file integrity</li>
<li>Timestamps preserved on files</li>
<li>Partial syncs supported on a whole file basis</li>
<li><a href="https://rclone.org/commands/rclone_copy/">Copy</a> mode to just copy new/changed files</li>
<li><a href="https://rclone.org/commands/rclone_sync/">Sync</a> (one way) mode to make a directory identical</li>
<li><a href="https://rclone.org/commands/rclone_check/">Check</a> mode to check for file hash equality</li>
<li>Can sync to and from network, eg two different cloud accounts</li>
<li>Optional encryption (<a href="https://rclone.org/crypt/">Crypt</a>)</li>
<li>Optional FUSE mount (<a href="https://rclone.org/commands/rclone_mount/">rclone mount</a>)</li>
</ul>
<p>Links</p>
<ul>
<li><a href="https://rclone.org/">Home page</a></li>
<li><a href="https://github.com/ncw/rclone">Github project page for source and bug tracker</a></li>
<li><a href="https://forum.rclone.org">Rclone Forum</a></li>
<li><a href="https://google.com/+RcloneOrg" rel="publisher">Google+ page</a></li>
<li><a href="https://rclone.org/downloads/">Downloads</a></li>
</ul>
<h1 id="install">Install</h1>
<p>Rclone is a Go program and comes as a single binary file.</p>
<h2 id="quickstart">Quickstart</h2>
<ul>
<li><a href="https://rclone.org/downloads/">Download</a> the relevant binary.</li>
<li>Unpack and the <code>rclone</code> binary.</li>
<li>Run <code>rclone config</code> to setup. See <a href="https://rclone.org/docs/">rclone config docs</a> for more details.</li>
</ul>
<p>See below for some expanded Linux / macOS instructions.</p>
<p>See the <a href="https://rclone.org/docs/">Usage section</a> of the docs for how to use rclone, or run <code>rclone -h</code>.</p>
<h2 id="linux-installation-from-precompiled-binary">Linux installation from precompiled binary</h2>
<p>Fetch and unpack</p>
<pre><code>curl -O https://downloads.rclone.org/rclone-current-linux-amd64.zip
unzip rclone-current-linux-amd64.zip
cd rclone-*-linux-amd64</code></pre>
<p>Copy binary file</p>
<pre><code>sudo cp rclone /usr/bin/
sudo chown root:root /usr/bin/rclone
sudo chmod 755 /usr/bin/rclone</code></pre>
<p>Install manpage</p>
<pre><code>sudo mkdir -p /usr/local/share/man/man1
sudo cp rclone.1 /usr/local/share/man/man1/
sudo mandb </code></pre>
<p>Run <code>rclone config</code> to setup. See <a href="https://rclone.org/docs/">rclone config docs</a> for more details.</p>
<pre><code>rclone config</code></pre>
<h2 id="macos-installation-from-precompiled-binary">macOS installation from precompiled binary</h2>
<p>Download the latest version of rclone.</p>
<pre><code>cd && curl -O https://downloads.rclone.org/rclone-current-osx-amd64.zip</code></pre>
<p>Unzip the download and cd to the extracted folder.</p>
<pre><code>unzip -a rclone-current-osx-amd64.zip && cd rclone-*-osx-amd64</code></pre>
<p>Move rclone to your $PATH. You will be prompted for your password.</p>
<pre><code>sudo mkdir -p /usr/local/bin
sudo mv rclone /usr/local/bin/</code></pre>
<p>(the <code>mkdir</code> command is safe to run, even if the directory already exists).</p>
<p>Remove the leftover files.</p>
<pre><code>cd .. && rm -rf rclone-*-osx-amd64 rclone-current-osx-amd64.zip</code></pre>
<p>Run <code>rclone config</code> to setup. See <a href="https://rclone.org/docs/">rclone config docs</a> for more details.</p>
<pre><code>rclone config</code></pre>
<h2 id="install-from-source">Install from source</h2>
<p>Make sure you have at least <a href="https://golang.org/">Go</a> 1.6 installed. Make sure your <code>GOPATH</code> is set, then:</p>
<pre><code>go get -u -v github.com/ncw/rclone</code></pre>
<p>and this will build the binary in <code>$GOPATH/bin</code>. If you have built rclone before then you will want to update its dependencies first with this</p>
<pre><code>go get -u -v github.com/ncw/rclone/...</code></pre>
<h2 id="installation-with-ansible">Installation with Ansible</h2>
<p>This can be done with <a href="https://github.com/stefangweichinger/ansible-rclone">Stefan Weichinger's ansible role</a>.</p>
<p>Instructions</p>
<ol style="list-style-type: decimal">
<li><code>git clone https://github.com/stefangweichinger/ansible-rclone.git</code> into your local roles-directory</li>
<li>add the role to the hosts you want rclone installed to:</li>
</ol>
<pre><code> - hosts: rclone-hosts
roles:
- rclone</code></pre>
<h2 id="configure">Configure</h2>
<p>First, you'll need to configure rclone. As the object storage systems have quite complicated authentication these are kept in a config file. (See the <code>--config</code> entry for how to find the config file and choose its location.)</p>
<p>The easiest way to make the config is to run rclone with the config option:</p>
<pre><code>rclone config</code></pre>
<p>See the following for detailed instructions for</p>
<ul>
<li><a href="https://rclone.org/amazonclouddrive/">Amazon Drive</a></li>
<li><a href="https://rclone.org/s3/">Amazon S3</a></li>
<li><a href="https://rclone.org/b2/">Backblaze B2</a></li>
<li><a href="https://rclone.org/box/">Box</a></li>
<li><a href="https://rclone.org/crypt/">Crypt</a> - to encrypt other remotes</li>
<li><a href="https://rclone.org/dropbox/">Dropbox</a></li>
<li><a href="https://rclone.org/ftp/">FTP</a></li>
<li><a href="https://rclone.org/googlecloudstorage/">Google Cloud Storage</a></li>
<li><a href="https://rclone.org/drive/">Google Drive</a></li>
<li><a href="https://rclone.org/http/">HTTP</a></li>
<li><a href="https://rclone.org/hubic/">Hubic</a></li>
<li><a href="https://rclone.org/azureblob/">Microsoft Azure Blob Storage</a></li>
<li><a href="https://rclone.org/onedrive/">Microsoft OneDrive</a></li>
<li><a href="https://rclone.org/swift/">Openstack Swift / Rackspace Cloudfiles / Memset Memstore</a></li>
<li><a href="https://rclone.org/qingstor/">QingStor</a></li>
<li><a href="https://rclone.org/sftp/">SFTP</a></li>
<li><a href="https://rclone.org/yandex/">Yandex Disk</a></li>
<li><a href="https://rclone.org/local/">The local filesystem</a></li>
</ul>
<h2 id="usage">Usage</h2>
<p>Rclone syncs a directory tree from one storage system to another.</p>
<p>Its syntax is like this</p>
<pre><code>Syntax: [options] subcommand <parameters> <parameters...></code></pre>
<p>Source and destination paths are specified by the name you gave the storage system in the config file then the sub path, eg "drive:myfolder" to look at "myfolder" in Google drive.</p>
<p>You can define as many storage paths as you like in the config file.</p>
<h2 id="subcommands">Subcommands</h2>
<p>rclone uses a system of subcommands. For example</p>
<pre><code>rclone ls remote:path # lists a re
rclone copy /local/path remote:path # copies /local/path to the remote
rclone sync /local/path remote:path # syncs /local/path to the remote</code></pre>
<h2 id="rclone-config">rclone config</h2>
<p>Enter an interactive configuration session.</p>
<h3 id="synopsis">Synopsis</h3>
<p><code>rclone config</code> enters an interactive configuration sessions where you can setup new remotes and manage existing ones. You may also set or remove a password to protect your configuration.</p>
<p>Additional functions:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>rclone config edit</code> – same as above</li>
<li><code>rclone config file</code> – show path of configuration file in use</li>
<li><code>rclone config show</code> – print (decrypted) config file</li>
</ul>
<pre><code>rclone config [function] [flags]</code></pre>
<h3 id="options">Options</h3>
<pre><code> -h, --help help for config</code></pre>
<h2 id="rclone-copy">rclone copy</h2>
<p>Copy files from source to dest, skipping already copied</p>
<h3 id="synopsis-1">Synopsis</h3>
<p>Copy the source to the destination. Doesn't transfer unchanged files, testing by size and modification time or MD5SUM. Doesn't delete files from the destination.</p>
<p>Note that it is always the contents of the directory that is synced, not the directory so when source:path is a directory, it's the contents of source:path that are copied, not the directory name and contents.</p>
<p>If dest:path doesn't exist, it is created and the source:path contents go there.</p>
<p>For example</p>
<pre><code>rclone copy source:sourcepath dest:destpath</code></pre>
<p>Let's say there are two files in sourcepath</p>
<pre><code>sourcepath/one.txt
sourcepath/two.txt</code></pre>
<p>This copies them to</p>
<pre><code>destpath/one.txt
destpath/two.txt</code></pre>
<p>Not to</p>
<pre><code>destpath/sourcepath/one.txt
destpath/sourcepath/two.txt</code></pre>
<p>If you are familiar with <code>rsync</code>, rclone always works as if you had written a trailing / - meaning "copy the contents of this directory". This applies to all commands and whether you are talking about the source or destination.</p>
<p>See the <code>--no-traverse</code> option for controlling whether rclone lists the destination directory or not.</p>
<pre><code>rclone copy source:path dest:path [flags]</code></pre>
<h3 id="options-1">Options</h3>
<pre><code> -h, --help help for copy</code></pre>
<h2 id="rclone-sync">rclone sync</h2>
<p>Make source and dest identical, modifying destination only.</p>
<h3 id="synopsis-2">Synopsis</h3>
<p>Sync the source to the destination, changing the destination only. Doesn't transfer unchanged files, testing by size and modification time or MD5SUM. Destination is updated to match source, including deleting files if necessary.</p>
<p><strong>Important</strong>: Since this can cause data loss, test first with the <code>--dry-run</code> flag to see exactly what would be copied and deleted.</p>
<p>Note that files in the destination won't be deleted if there were any errors at any point.</p>
<p>It is always the contents of the directory that is synced, not the directory so when source:path is a directory, it's the contents of source:path that are copied, not the directory name and contents. See extended explanation in the <code>copy</code> command above if unsure.</p>
<p>If dest:path doesn't exist, it is created and the source:path contents go there.</p>
<pre><code>rclone sync source:path dest:path [flags]</code></pre>
<h3 id="options-2">Options</h3>
<pre><code> -h, --help help for sync</code></pre>
<h2 id="rclone-move">rclone move</h2>
<p>Move files from source to dest.</p>
<h3 id="synopsis-3">Synopsis</h3>
<p>Moves the contents of the source directory to the destination directory. Rclone will error if the source and destination overlap and the remote does not support a server side directory move operation.</p>
<p>If no filters are in use and if possible this will server side move <code>source:path</code> into <code>dest:path</code>. After this <code>source:path</code> will no longer longer exist.</p>
<p>Otherwise for each file in <code>source:path</code> selected by the filters (if any) this will move it into <code>dest:path</code>. If possible a server side move will be used, otherwise it will copy it (server side if possible) into <code>dest:path</code> then delete the original (if no errors on copy) in <code>source:path</code>.</p>
<p><strong>Important</strong>: Since this can cause data loss, test first with the --dry-run flag.</p>
<pre><code>rclone move source:path dest:path [flags]</code></pre>
<h3 id="options-3">Options</h3>
<pre><code> -h, --help help for move</code></pre>
<h2 id="rclone-delete">rclone delete</h2>
<p>Remove the contents of path.</p>
<h3 id="synopsis-4">Synopsis</h3>
<p>Remove the contents of path. Unlike <code>purge</code> it obeys include/exclude filters so can be used to selectively delete files.</p>
<p>Eg delete all files bigger than 100MBytes</p>
<p>Check what would be deleted first (use either)</p>
<pre><code>rclone --min-size 100M lsl remote:path
rclone --dry-run --min-size 100M delete remote:path</code></pre>
<p>Then delete</p>
<pre><code>rclone --min-size 100M delete remote:path</code></pre>
<p>That reads "delete everything with a minimum size of 100 MB", hence delete all files bigger than 100MBytes.</p>
<pre><code>rclone delete remote:path [flags]</code></pre>
<h3 id="options-4">Options</h3>
<pre><code> -h, --help help for delete</code></pre>
<h2 id="rclone-purge">rclone purge</h2>
<p>Remove the path and all of its contents.</p>
<h3 id="synopsis-5">Synopsis</h3>
<p>Remove the path and all of its contents. Note that this does not obey include/exclude filters - everything will be removed. Use <code>delete</code> if you want to selectively delete files.</p>
<pre><code>rclone purge remote:path [flags]</code></pre>
<h3 id="options-5">Options</h3>
<pre><code> -h, --help help for purge</code></pre>
<h2 id="rclone-mkdir">rclone mkdir</h2>
<p>Make the path if it doesn't already exist.</p>
<h3 id="synopsis-6">Synopsis</h3>
<p>Make the path if it doesn't already exist.</p>
<pre><code>rclone mkdir remote:path [flags]</code></pre>
<h3 id="options-6">Options</h3>
<pre><code> -h, --help help for mkdir</code></pre>
<h2 id="rclone-rmdir">rclone rmdir</h2>
<p>Remove the path if empty.</p>
<h3 id="synopsis-7">Synopsis</h3>
<p>Remove the path. Note that you can't remove a path with objects in it, use purge for that.</p>
<pre><code>rclone rmdir remote:path [flags]</code></pre>
<h3 id="options-7">Options</h3>
<pre><code> -h, --help help for rmdir</code></pre>
<h2 id="rclone-check">rclone check</h2>
<p>Checks the files in the source and destination match.</p>
<h3 id="synopsis-8">Synopsis</h3>
<p>Checks the files in the source and destination match. It compares sizes and hashes (MD5 or SHA1) and logs a report of files which don't match. It doesn't alter the source or destination.</p>
<p>If you supply the --size-only flag, it will only compare the sizes not the hashes as well. Use this for a quick check.</p>
<p>If you supply the --download flag, it will download the data from both remotes and check them against each other on the fly. This can be useful for remotes that don't support hashes or if you really want to check all the data.</p>
<pre><code>rclone check source:path dest:path [flags]</code></pre>
<h3 id="options-8">Options</h3>
<pre><code> --download Check by downloading rather than with hash.
-h, --help help for check</code></pre>
<h2 id="rclone-ls">rclone ls</h2>
<p>List all the objects in the path with size and path.</p>
<h3 id="synopsis-9">Synopsis</h3>
<p>List all the objects in the path with size and path.</p>
<pre><code>rclone ls remote:path [flags]</code></pre>
<h3 id="options-9">Options</h3>
<pre><code> -h, --help help for ls</code></pre>
<h2 id="rclone-lsd">rclone lsd</h2>
<p>List all directories/containers/buckets in the path.</p>
<h3 id="synopsis-10">Synopsis</h3>
<p>List all directories/containers/buckets in the path.</p>
<pre><code>rclone lsd remote:path [flags]</code></pre>
<h3 id="options-10">Options</h3>
<pre><code> -h, --help help for lsd</code></pre>
<h2 id="rclone-lsl">rclone lsl</h2>
<p>List all the objects path with modification time, size and path.</p>
<h3 id="synopsis-11">Synopsis</h3>
<p>List all the objects path with modification time, size and path.</p>
<pre><code>rclone lsl remote:path [flags]</code></pre>
<h3 id="options-11">Options</h3>
<pre><code> -h, --help help for lsl</code></pre>
<h2 id="rclone-md5sum">rclone md5sum</h2>
<p>Produces an md5sum file for all the objects in the path.</p>
<h3 id="synopsis-12">Synopsis</h3>
<p>Produces an md5sum file for all the objects in the path. This is in the same format as the standard md5sum tool produces.</p>
<pre><code>rclone md5sum remote:path [flags]</code></pre>
<h3 id="options-12">Options</h3>
<pre><code> -h, --help help for md5sum</code></pre>
<h2 id="rclone-sha1sum">rclone sha1sum</h2>
<p>Produces an sha1sum file for all the objects in the path.</p>
<h3 id="synopsis-13">Synopsis</h3>
<p>Produces an sha1sum file for all the objects in the path. This is in the same format as the standard sha1sum tool produces.</p>
<pre><code>rclone sha1sum remote:path [flags]</code></pre>
<h3 id="options-13">Options</h3>
<pre><code> -h, --help help for sha1sum</code></pre>
<h2 id="rclone-size">rclone size</h2>
<p>Prints the total size and number of objects in remote:path.</p>
<h3 id="synopsis-14">Synopsis</h3>
<p>Prints the total size and number of objects in remote:path.</p>
<pre><code>rclone size remote:path [flags]</code></pre>
<h3 id="options-14">Options</h3>
<pre><code> -h, --help help for size</code></pre>
<h2 id="rclone-version">rclone version</h2>
<p>Show the version number.</p>
<h3 id="synopsis-15">Synopsis</h3>
<p>Show the version number.</p>
<pre><code>rclone version [flags]</code></pre>
<h3 id="options-15">Options</h3>
<pre><code> -h, --help help for version</code></pre>
<h2 id="rclone-cleanup">rclone cleanup</h2>
<p>Clean up the remote if possible</p>
<h3 id="synopsis-16">Synopsis</h3>
<p>Clean up the remote if possible. Empty the trash or delete old file versions. Not supported by all remotes.</p>
<pre><code>rclone cleanup remote:path [flags]</code></pre>
<h3 id="options-16">Options</h3>
<pre><code> -h, --help help for cleanup</code></pre>
<h2 id="rclone-dedupe">rclone dedupe</h2>
<p>Interactively find duplicate files delete/rename them.</p>
<h3 id="synopsis-17">Synopsis</h3>
<p>By default <code>dedupe</code> interactively finds duplicate files and offers to delete all but one or rename them to be different. Only useful with Google Drive which can have duplicate file names.</p>
<p>In the first pass it will merge directories with the same name. It will do this iteratively until all the identical directories have been merged.</p>
<p>The <code>dedupe</code> command will delete all but one of any identical (same md5sum) files it finds without confirmation. This means that for most duplicated files the <code>dedupe</code> command will not be interactive. You can use <code>--dry-run</code> to see what would happen without doing anything.</p>
<p>Here is an example run.</p>
<p>Before - with duplicates</p>
<pre><code>$ rclone lsl drive:dupes
6048320 2016-03-05 16:23:16.798000000 one.txt
6048320 2016-03-05 16:23:11.775000000 one.txt
564374 2016-03-05 16:23:06.731000000 one.txt
6048320 2016-03-05 16:18:26.092000000 one.txt
6048320 2016-03-05 16:22:46.185000000 two.txt
1744073 2016-03-05 16:22:38.104000000 two.txt
564374 2016-03-05 16:22:52.118000000 two.txt</code></pre>
<p>Now the <code>dedupe</code> session</p>
<pre><code>$ rclone dedupe drive:dupes
2016/03/05 16:24:37 Google drive root 'dupes': Looking for duplicates using interactive mode.
one.txt: Found 4 duplicates - deleting identical copies
one.txt: Deleting 2/3 identical duplicates (md5sum "1eedaa9fe86fd4b8632e2ac549403b36")
one.txt: 2 duplicates remain
1: 6048320 bytes, 2016-03-05 16:23:16.798000000, md5sum 1eedaa9fe86fd4b8632e2ac549403b36
2: 564374 bytes, 2016-03-05 16:23:06.731000000, md5sum 7594e7dc9fc28f727c42ee3e0749de81
s) Skip and do nothing
k) Keep just one (choose which in next step)
r) Rename all to be different (by changing file.jpg to file-1.jpg)
s/k/r> k
Enter the number of the file to keep> 1
one.txt: Deleted 1 extra copies
two.txt: Found 3 duplicates - deleting identical copies
two.txt: 3 duplicates remain
1: 564374 bytes, 2016-03-05 16:22:52.118000000, md5sum 7594e7dc9fc28f727c42ee3e0749de81
2: 6048320 bytes, 2016-03-05 16:22:46.185000000, md5sum 1eedaa9fe86fd4b8632e2ac549403b36
3: 1744073 bytes, 2016-03-05 16:22:38.104000000, md5sum 851957f7fb6f0bc4ce76be966d336802
s) Skip and do nothing
k) Keep just one (choose which in next step)
r) Rename all to be different (by changing file.jpg to file-1.jpg)
s/k/r> r
two-1.txt: renamed from: two.txt
two-2.txt: renamed from: two.txt
two-3.txt: renamed from: two.txt</code></pre>
<p>The result being</p>
<pre><code>$ rclone lsl drive:dupes
6048320 2016-03-05 16:23:16.798000000 one.txt
564374 2016-03-05 16:22:52.118000000 two-1.txt
6048320 2016-03-05 16:22:46.185000000 two-2.txt
1744073 2016-03-05 16:22:38.104000000 two-3.txt</code></pre>
<p>Dedupe can be run non interactively using the <code>--dedupe-mode</code> flag or by using an extra parameter with the same value</p>
<ul>
<li><code>--dedupe-mode interactive</code> - interactive as above.</li>
<li><code>--dedupe-mode skip</code> - removes identical files then skips anything left.</li>
<li><code>--dedupe-mode first</code> - removes identical files then keeps the first one.</li>
<li><code>--dedupe-mode newest</code> - removes identical files then keeps the newest one.</li>
<li><code>--dedupe-mode oldest</code> - removes identical files then keeps the oldest one.</li>
<li><code>--dedupe-mode rename</code> - removes identical files then renames the rest to be different.</li>
</ul>
<p>For example to rename all the identically named photos in your Google Photos directory, do</p>
<pre><code>rclone dedupe --dedupe-mode rename "drive:Google Photos"</code></pre>
<p>Or</p>
<pre><code>rclone dedupe rename "drive:Google Photos"</code></pre>
<pre><code>rclone dedupe [mode] remote:path [flags]</code></pre>
<h3 id="options-17">Options</h3>
<pre><code> --dedupe-mode string Dedupe mode interactive|skip|first|newest|oldest|rename. (default "interactive")
-h, --help help for dedupe</code></pre>
<h2 id="rclone-authorize">rclone authorize</h2>
<p>Remote authorization.</p>
<h3 id="synopsis-18">Synopsis</h3>
<p>Remote authorization. Used to authorize a remote or headless rclone from a machine with a browser - use as instructed by rclone config.</p>
<pre><code>rclone authorize [flags]</code></pre>
<h3 id="options-18">Options</h3>
<pre><code> -h, --help help for authorize</code></pre>
<h2 id="rclone-cat">rclone cat</h2>
<p>Concatenates any files and sends them to stdout.</p>
<h3 id="synopsis-19">Synopsis</h3>
<p>rclone cat sends any files to standard output.</p>
<p>You can use it like this to output a single file</p>
<pre><code>rclone cat remote:path/to/file</code></pre>
<p>Or like this to output any file in dir or subdirectories.</p>
<pre><code>rclone cat remote:path/to/dir</code></pre>
<p>Or like this to output any .txt files in dir or subdirectories.</p>
<pre><code>rclone --include "*.txt" cat remote:path/to/dir</code></pre>
<p>Use the --head flag to print characters only at the start, --tail for the end and --offset and --count to print a section in the middle. Note that if offset is negative it will count from the end, so --offset -1 --count 1 is equivalent to --tail 1.</p>
<pre><code>rclone cat remote:path [flags]</code></pre>
<h3 id="options-19">Options</h3>
<pre><code> --count int Only print N characters. (default -1)
--discard Discard the output instead of printing.
--head int Only print the first N characters.
-h, --help help for cat
--offset int Start printing at offset N (or from end if -ve).
--tail int Only print the last N characters.</code></pre>
<h2 id="rclone-copyto">rclone copyto</h2>
<p>Copy files from source to dest, skipping already copied</p>
<h3 id="synopsis-20">Synopsis</h3>
<p>If source:path is a file or directory then it copies it to a file or directory named dest:path.</p>
<p>This can be used to upload single files to other than their current name. If the source is a directory then it acts exactly like the copy command.</p>
<p>So</p>
<pre><code>rclone copyto src dst</code></pre>
<p>where src and dst are rclone paths, either remote:path or /path/to/local or C:.</p>
<p>This will:</p>
<pre><code>if src is file
copy it to dst, overwriting an existing file if it exists
if src is directory
copy it to dst, overwriting existing files if they exist
see copy command for full details</code></pre>
<p>This doesn't transfer unchanged files, testing by size and modification time or MD5SUM. It doesn't delete files from the destination.</p>
<pre><code>rclone copyto source:path dest:path [flags]</code></pre>
<h3 id="options-20">Options</h3>
<pre><code> -h, --help help for copyto</code></pre>
<h2 id="rclone-cryptcheck">rclone cryptcheck</h2>
<p>Cryptcheck checks the integrity of a crypted remote.</p>
<h3 id="synopsis-21">Synopsis</h3>
<p>rclone cryptcheck checks a remote against a crypted remote. This is the equivalent of running rclone check, but able to check the checksums of the crypted remote.</p>
<p>For it to work the underlying remote of the cryptedremote must support some kind of checksum.</p>
<p>It works by reading the nonce from each file on the cryptedremote: and using that to encrypt each file on the remote:. It then checks the checksum of the underlying file on the cryptedremote: against the checksum of the file it has just encrypted.</p>
<p>Use it like this</p>
<pre><code>rclone cryptcheck /path/to/files encryptedremote:path</code></pre>
<p>You can use it like this also, but that will involve downloading all the files in remote:path.</p>
<pre><code>rclone cryptcheck remote:path encryptedremote:path</code></pre>
<p>After it has run it will log the status of the encryptedremote:.</p>
<pre><code>rclone cryptcheck remote:path cryptedremote:path [flags]</code></pre>
<h3 id="options-21">Options</h3>
<pre><code> -h, --help help for cryptcheck</code></pre>
<h2 id="rclone-cryptdecode">rclone cryptdecode</h2>
<p>Cryptdecode returns unencrypted file names.</p>
<h3 id="synopsis-22">Synopsis</h3>
<p>rclone cryptdecode returns unencrypted file names when provided with a list of encrypted file names. List limit is 10 items.</p>
<p>use it like this</p>
<pre><code>rclone cryptdecode encryptedremote: encryptedfilename1 encryptedfilename2</code></pre>
<pre><code>rclone cryptdecode encryptedremote: encryptedfilename [flags]</code></pre>
<h3 id="options-22">Options</h3>
<pre><code> -h, --help help for cryptdecode</code></pre>
<h2 id="rclone-dbhashsum">rclone dbhashsum</h2>
<p>Produces a Dropbbox hash file for all the objects in the path.</p>
<h3 id="synopsis-23">Synopsis</h3>
<p>Produces a Dropbox hash file for all the objects in the path. The hashes are calculated according to <a href="https://www.dropbox.com/developers/reference/content-hash">Dropbox content hash rules</a>. The output is in the same format as md5sum and sha1sum.</p>
<pre><code>rclone dbhashsum remote:path [flags]</code></pre>
<h3 id="options-23">Options</h3>
<pre><code> -h, --help help for dbhashsum</code></pre>
<h2 id="rclone-genautocomplete">rclone genautocomplete</h2>
<p>Output completion script for a given shell.</p>
<h3 id="synopsis-24">Synopsis</h3>
<p>Generates a shell completion script for rclone. Run with --help to list the supported shells.</p>
<h3 id="options-24">Options</h3>
<pre><code> -h, --help help for genautocomplete</code></pre>
<h2 id="rclone-genautocomplete-bash">rclone genautocomplete bash</h2>
<p>Output bash completion script for rclone.</p>
<h3 id="synopsis-25">Synopsis</h3>
<p>Generates a bash shell autocompletion script for rclone.</p>
<p>This writes to /etc/bash_completion.d/rclone by default so will probably need to be run with sudo or as root, eg</p>
<pre><code>sudo rclone genautocomplete bash</code></pre>
<p>Logout and login again to use the autocompletion scripts, or source them directly</p>
<pre><code>. /etc/bash_completion</code></pre>
<p>If you supply a command line argument the script will be written there.</p>
<pre><code>rclone genautocomplete bash [output_file] [flags]</code></pre>
<h3 id="options-25">Options</h3>
<pre><code> -h, --help help for bash</code></pre>
<h2 id="rclone-genautocomplete-zsh">rclone genautocomplete zsh</h2>
<p>Output zsh completion script for rclone.</p>
<h3 id="synopsis-26">Synopsis</h3>
<p>Generates a zsh autocompletion script for rclone.</p>
<p>This writes to /usr/share/zsh/vendor-completions/_rclone by default so will probably need to be run with sudo or as root, eg</p>
<pre><code>sudo rclone genautocomplete zsh</code></pre>
<p>Logout and login again to use the autocompletion scripts, or source them directly</p>
<pre><code>autoload -U compinit && compinit</code></pre>
<p>If you supply a command line argument the script will be written there.</p>
<pre><code>rclone genautocomplete zsh [output_file] [flags]</code></pre>
<h3 id="options-26">Options</h3>
<pre><code> -h, --help help for zsh</code></pre>
<h2 id="rclone-gendocs">rclone gendocs</h2>
<p>Output markdown docs for rclone to the directory supplied.</p>
<h3 id="synopsis-27">Synopsis</h3>
<p>This produces markdown docs for the rclone commands to the directory supplied. These are in a format suitable for hugo to render into the rclone.org website.</p>
<pre><code>rclone gendocs output_directory [flags]</code></pre>
<h3 id="options-27">Options</h3>
<pre><code> -h, --help help for gendocs</code></pre>
<h2 id="rclone-listremotes">rclone listremotes</h2>
<p>List all the remotes in the config file.</p>
<h3 id="synopsis-28">Synopsis</h3>
<p>rclone listremotes lists all the available remotes from the config file.</p>
<p>When uses with the -l flag it lists the types too.</p>
<pre><code>rclone listremotes [flags]</code></pre>
<h3 id="options-28">Options</h3>
<pre><code> -h, --help help for listremotes
-l, --long Show the type as well as names.</code></pre>
<h2 id="rclone-lsjson">rclone lsjson</h2>
<p>List directories and objects in the path in JSON format.</p>
<h3 id="synopsis-29">Synopsis</h3>
<p>List directories and objects in the path in JSON format.</p>
<p>The output is an array of Items, where each Item looks like this</p>
<p>{ "Hashes" : { "SHA-1" : "f572d396fae9206628714fb2ce00f72e94f2258f", "MD5" : "b1946ac92492d2347c6235b4d2611184", "DropboxHash" : "ecb65bb98f9d905b70458986c39fcbad7715e5f2fcc3b1f07767d7c83e2438cc" }, "IsDir" : false, "ModTime" : "2017-05-31T16:15:57.034468261+01:00", "Name" : "file.txt", "Path" : "full/path/goes/here/file.txt", "Size" : 6 }</p>
<p>If --hash is not specified the the Hashes property won't be emitted.</p>
<p>If --no-modtime is specified then ModTime will be blank.</p>
<p>The time is in RFC3339 format with nanosecond precision.</p>
<p>The whole output can be processed as a JSON blob, or alternatively it can be processed line by line as each item is written one to a line.</p>
<pre><code>rclone lsjson remote:path [flags]</code></pre>
<h3 id="options-29">Options</h3>
<pre><code> --hash Include hashes in the output (may take longer).
-h, --help help for lsjson
--no-modtime Don't read the modification time (can speed things up).
-R, --recursive Recurse into the listing.</code></pre>
<h2 id="rclone-mount">rclone mount</h2>
<p>Mount the remote as a mountpoint. <strong>EXPERIMENTAL</strong></p>
<h3 id="synopsis-30">Synopsis</h3>
<p>rclone mount allows Linux, FreeBSD, macOS and Windows to mount any of Rclone's cloud storage systems as a file system with FUSE.</p>
<p>This is <strong>EXPERIMENTAL</strong> - use with care.</p>
<p>First set up your remote using <code>rclone config</code>. Check it works with <code>rclone ls</code> etc.</p>
<p>Start the mount like this</p>
<pre><code>rclone mount remote:path/to/files /path/to/local/mount</code></pre>
<p>Or on Windows like this where X: is an unused drive letter</p>
<pre><code>rclone mount remote:path/to/files X:</code></pre>
<p>When the program ends, either via Ctrl+C or receiving a SIGINT or SIGTERM signal, the mount is automatically stopped.</p>
<p>The umount operation can fail, for example when the mountpoint is busy. When that happens, it is the user's responsibility to stop the mount manually with</p>
<pre><code># Linux
fusermount -u /path/to/local/mount
# OS X
umount /path/to/local/mount</code></pre>
<h3 id="installing-on-windows">Installing on Windows</h3>
<p>To run rclone mount on Windows, you will need to download and install <a href="http://www.secfs.net/winfsp/">WinFsp</a>.</p>
<p>WinFsp is an <a href="https://github.com/billziss-gh/winfsp">open source</a> Windows File System Proxy which makes it easy to write user space file systems for Windows. It provides a FUSE emulation layer which rclone uses combination with <a href="https://github.com/billziss-gh/cgofuse">cgofuse</a>. Both of these packages are by Bill Zissimopoulos who was very helpful during the implementation of rclone mount for Windows.</p>
<h4 id="windows-caveats">Windows caveats</h4>
<p>Note that drives created as Administrator are not visible by other accounts (including the account that was elevated as Administrator). So if you start a Windows drive from an Administrative Command Prompt and then try to access the same drive from Explorer (which does not run as Administrator), you will not be able to see the new drive.</p>
<p>The easiest way around this is to start the drive from a normal command prompt. It is also possible to start a drive from the SYSTEM account (using <a href="https://github.com/billziss-gh/winfsp/wiki/WinFsp-Service-Architecture">the WinFsp.Launcher infrastructure</a>) which creates drives accessible for everyone on the system.</p>
<h3 id="limitations">Limitations</h3>
<p>This can only write files seqentially, it can only seek when reading. This means that many applications won't work with their files on an rclone mount.</p>
<p>The bucket based remotes (eg Swift, S3, Google Compute Storage, B2, Hubic) won't work from the root - you will need to specify a bucket, or a path within the bucket. So <code>swift:</code> won't work whereas <code>swift:bucket</code> will as will <code>swift:bucket/path</code>. None of these support the concept of directories, so empty directories will have a tendency to disappear once they fall out of the directory cache.</p>
<p>Only supported on Linux, FreeBSD, OS X and Windows at the moment.</p>
<h3 id="rclone-mount-vs-rclone-synccopy">rclone mount vs rclone sync/copy</h3>
<p>File systems expect things to be 100% reliable, whereas cloud storage systems are a long way from 100% reliable. The rclone sync/copy commands cope with this with lots of retries. However rclone mount can't use retries in the same way without making local copies of the uploads. This might happen in the future, but for the moment rclone mount won't do that, so will be less reliable than the rclone command.</p>
<h3 id="filters">Filters</h3>
<p>Note that all the rclone filters can be used to select a subset of the files to be visible in the mount.</p>
<h3 id="directory-cache">Directory Cache</h3>
<p>Using the <code>--dir-cache-time</code> flag, you can set how long a directory should be considered up to date and not refreshed from the backend. Changes made locally in the mount may appear immediately or invalidate the cache. However, changes done on the remote will only be picked up once the cache expires.</p>
<p>Alternatively, you can send a <code>SIGHUP</code> signal to rclone for it to flush all directory caches, regardless of how old they are. Assuming only one rclone instance is running, you can reset the cache like this:</p>
<pre><code>kill -SIGHUP $(pidof rclone)</code></pre>
<pre><code>rclone mount remote:path /path/to/mountpoint [flags]</code></pre>
<h3 id="options-30">Options</h3>
<pre><code> --allow-non-empty Allow mounting over a non-empty directory.
--allow-other Allow access to other users.
--allow-root Allow access to root user.
--debug-fuse Debug the FUSE internals - needs -v.
--default-permissions Makes kernel enforce access control based on the file mode.
--dir-cache-time duration Time to cache directory entries for. (default 5m0s)
--fuse-flag stringArray Flags or arguments to be passed direct to libfuse/WinFsp. Repeat if required.
--gid uint32 Override the gid field set by the filesystem. (default 502)
-h, --help help for mount
--max-read-ahead int The number of bytes that can be prefetched for sequential reads. (default 128k)
--no-checksum Don't compare checksums on up/download.
--no-modtime Don't read/write the modification time (can speed things up).
--no-seek Don't allow seeking in files.
-o, --option stringArray Option for libfuse/WinFsp. Repeat if required.
--poll-interval duration Time to wait between polling for changes. Must be smaller than dir-cache-time. Only on supported remotes. Set to 0 to disable. (default 1m0s)
--read-only Mount read-only.
--uid uint32 Override the uid field set by the filesystem. (default 502)
--umask int Override the permission bits set by the filesystem.
--write-back-cache Makes kernel buffer writes before sending them to rclone. Without this, writethrough caching is used.</code></pre>
<h2 id="rclone-moveto">rclone moveto</h2>
<p>Move file or directory from source to dest.</p>
<h3 id="synopsis-31">Synopsis</h3>
<p>If source:path is a file or directory then it moves it to a file or directory named dest:path.</p>
<p>This can be used to rename files or upload single files to other than their existing name. If the source is a directory then it acts exacty like the move command.</p>
<p>So</p>
<pre><code>rclone moveto src dst</code></pre>
<p>where src and dst are rclone paths, either remote:path or /path/to/local or C:.</p>
<p>This will:</p>
<pre><code>if src is file
move it to dst, overwriting an existing file if it exists
if src is directory
move it to dst, overwriting existing files if they exist
see move command for full details</code></pre>
<p>This doesn't transfer unchanged files, testing by size and modification time or MD5SUM. src will be deleted on successful transfer.</p>
<p><strong>Important</strong>: Since this can cause data loss, test first with the --dry-run flag.</p>
<pre><code>rclone moveto source:path dest:path [flags]</code></pre>
<h3 id="options-31">Options</h3>
<pre><code> -h, --help help for moveto</code></pre>
<h2 id="rclone-ncdu">rclone ncdu</h2>
<p>Explore a remote with a text based user interface.</p>
<h3 id="synopsis-32">Synopsis</h3>
<p>This displays a text based user interface allowing the navigation of a remote. It is most useful for answering the question - "What is using all my disk space?".</p>
<p>To make the user interface it first scans the entire remote given and builds an in memory representation. rclone ncdu can be used during this scanning phase and you will see it building up the directory structure as it goes along.</p>
<p>Here are the keys - press '?' to toggle the help on and off</p>
<pre><code> ↑,↓ or k,j to Move
→,l to enter
←,h to return
c toggle counts
g toggle graph
n,s,C sort by name,size,count
? to toggle help on and off
q/ESC/c-C to quit</code></pre>
<p>This an homage to the <a href="https://dev.yorhel.nl/ncdu">ncdu tool</a> but for rclone remotes. It is missing lots of features at the moment, most importantly deleting files, but is useful as it stands.</p>
<pre><code>rclone ncdu remote:path [flags]</code></pre>
<h3 id="options-32">Options</h3>
<pre><code> -h, --help help for ncdu</code></pre>
<h2 id="rclone-obscure">rclone obscure</h2>
<p>Obscure password for use in the rclone.conf</p>
<h3 id="synopsis-33">Synopsis</h3>
<p>Obscure password for use in the rclone.conf</p>
<pre><code>rclone obscure password [flags]</code></pre>
<h3 id="options-33">Options</h3>
<pre><code> -h, --help help for obscure</code></pre>
<h2 id="rclone-rcat">rclone rcat</h2>
<p>Copies standard input to file on remote.</p>
<h3 id="synopsis-34">Synopsis</h3>
<p>rclone rcat reads from standard input (stdin) and copies it to a single remote file.</p>
<pre><code>echo "hello world" | rclone rcat remote:path/to/file
ffmpeg - | rclone rcat --checksum remote:path/to/file</code></pre>
<p>If the remote file already exists, it will be overwritten.</p>
<p>rcat will try to upload small files in a single request, which is usually more efficient than the streaming/chunked upload endpoints, which use multiple requests. Exact behaviour depends on the remote. What is considered a small file may be set through <code>--streaming-upload-cutoff</code>. Uploading only starts after the cutoff is reached or if the file ends before that. The data must fit into RAM. The cutoff needs to be small enough to adhere the limits of your remote, please see there. Generally speaking, setting this cutoff too high will decrease your performance.</p>
<p>Note that the upload can also not be retried because the data is not kept around until the upload succeeds. If you need to transfer a lot of data, you're better off caching locally and then <code>rclone move</code> it to the destination.</p>
<pre><code>rclone rcat remote:path [flags]</code></pre>
<h3 id="options-34">Options</h3>
<pre><code> -h, --help help for rcat</code></pre>
<h2 id="rclone-rmdirs">rclone rmdirs</h2>
<p>Remove empty directories under the path.</p>
<h3 id="synopsis-35">Synopsis</h3>
<p>This removes any empty directories (or directories that only contain empty directories) under the path that it finds, including the path if it has nothing in.</p>
<p>This is useful for tidying up remotes that rclone has left a lot of empty directories in.</p>
<pre><code>rclone rmdirs remote:path [flags]</code></pre>
<h3 id="options-35">Options</h3>
<pre><code> -h, --help help for rmdirs</code></pre>
<h2 id="rclone-tree">rclone tree</h2>
<p>List the contents of the remote in a tree like fashion.</p>
<h3 id="synopsis-36">Synopsis</h3>
<p>rclone tree lists the contents of a remote in a similar way to the unix tree command.</p>
<p>For example</p>
<pre><code>$ rclone tree remote:path
/
├── file1
├── file2
├── file3
└── subdir
├── file4
└── file5
1 directories, 5 files</code></pre>
<p>You can use any of the filtering options with the tree command (eg --include and --exclude). You can also use --fast-list.</p>
<p>The tree command has many options for controlling the listing which are compatible with the tree command. Note that not all of them have short options as they conflict with rclone's short options.</p>
<pre><code>rclone tree remote:path [flags]</code></pre>
<h3 id="options-36">Options</h3>
<pre><code> -a, --all All files are listed (list . files too).
-C, --color Turn colorization on always.
-d, --dirs-only List directories only.
--dirsfirst List directories before files (-U disables).
--full-path Print the full path prefix for each file.
-h, --help help for tree
--human Print the size in a more human readable way.
--level int Descend only level directories deep.
-D, --modtime Print the date of last modification.
-i, --noindent Don't print indentation lines.
--noreport Turn off file/directory count at end of tree listing.
-o, --output string Output to file instead of stdout.
-p, --protections Print the protections for each file.
-Q, --quote Quote filenames with double quotes.
-s, --size Print the size in bytes of each file.
--sort string Select sort: name,version,size,mtime,ctime.
--sort-ctime Sort files by last status change time.
-t, --sort-modtime Sort files by last modification time.
-r, --sort-reverse Reverse the order of the sort.
-U, --unsorted Leave files unsorted.
--version Sort files alphanumerically by version.</code></pre>
<h2 id="copying-single-files">Copying single files</h2>
<p>rclone normally syncs or copies directories. However, if the source remote points to a file, rclone will just copy that file. The destination remote must point to a directory - rclone will give the error <code>Failed to create file system for "remote:file": is a file not a directory</code> if it isn't.</p>
<p>For example, suppose you have a remote with a file in called <code>test.jpg</code>, then you could copy just that file like this</p>
<pre><code>rclone copy remote:test.jpg /tmp/download</code></pre>
<p>The file <code>test.jpg</code> will be placed inside <code>/tmp/download</code>.</p>
<p>This is equivalent to specifying</p>
<pre><code>rclone copy --no-traverse --files-from /tmp/files remote: /tmp/download</code></pre>
<p>Where <code>/tmp/files</code> contains the single line</p>
<pre><code>test.jpg</code></pre>
<p>It is recommended to use <code>copy</code> when copying individual files, not <code>sync</code>. They have pretty much the same effect but <code>copy</code> will use a lot less memory.</p>
<h2 id="quoting-and-the-shell">Quoting and the shell</h2>
<p>When you are typing commands to your computer you are using something called the command line shell. This interprets various characters in an OS specific way.</p>
<p>Here are some gotchas which may help users unfamiliar with the shell rules</p>
<h3 id="linux-osx">Linux / OSX</h3>
<p>If your names have spaces or shell metacharacters (eg <code>*</code>, <code>?</code>, <code>$</code>, <code>'</code>, <code>"</code> etc) then you must quote them. Use single quotes <code>'</code> by default.</p>
<pre><code>rclone copy 'Important files?' remote:backup</code></pre>
<p>If you want to send a <code>'</code> you will need to use <code>"</code>, eg</p>
<pre><code>rclone copy "O'Reilly Reviews" remote:backup</code></pre>
<p>The rules for quoting metacharacters are complicated and if you want the full details you'll have to consult the manual page for your shell.</p>
<h3 id="windows">Windows</h3>
<p>If your names have spaces in you need to put them in <code>"</code>, eg</p>
<pre><code>rclone copy "E:\folder name\folder name\folder name" remote:backup</code></pre>
<p>If you are using the root directory on its own then don't quote it (see <a href="https://github.com/ncw/rclone/issues/464">#464</a> for why), eg</p>
<pre><code>rclone copy E:\ remote:backup</code></pre>
<h2 id="copying-files-or-directories-with-in-the-names">Copying files or directories with <code>:</code> in the names</h2>
<p>rclone uses <code>:</code> to mark a remote name. This is, however, a valid filename component in non-Windows OSes. The remote name parser will only search for a <code>:</code> up to the first <code>/</code> so if you need to act on a file or directory like this then use the full path starting with a <code>/</code>, or use <code>./</code> as a current directory prefix.</p>
<p>So to sync a directory called <code>sync:me</code> to a remote called <code>remote:</code> use</p>
<pre><code>rclone sync ./sync:me remote:path</code></pre>
<p>or</p>
<pre><code>rclone sync /full/path/to/sync:me remote:path</code></pre>
<h2 id="server-side-copy">Server Side Copy</h2>
<p>Most remotes (but not all - see <a href="/overview/#optional-features">the overview</a>) support server side copy.</p>
<p>This means if you want to copy one folder to another then rclone won't download all the files and re-upload them; it will instruct the server to copy them in place.</p>
<p>Eg</p>
<pre><code>rclone copy s3:oldbucket s3:newbucket</code></pre>
<p>Will copy the contents of <code>oldbucket</code> to <code>newbucket</code> without downloading and re-uploading.</p>
<p>Remotes which don't support server side copy <strong>will</strong> download and re-upload in this case.</p>
<p>Server side copies are used with <code>sync</code> and <code>copy</code> and will be identified in the log when using the <code>-v</code> flag. The <code>move</code> command may also use them if remote doesn't support server side move directly. This is done by issuing a server side copy then a delete which is much quicker than a download and re-upload.</p>
<p>Server side copies will only be attempted if the remote names are the same.</p>
<p>This can be used when scripting to make aged backups efficiently, eg</p>
<pre><code>rclone sync remote:current-backup remote:previous-backup
rclone sync /path/to/files remote:current-backup</code></pre>
<h2 id="options-37">Options</h2>
<p>Rclone has a number of options to control its behaviour.</p>
<p>Options which use TIME use the go time parser. A duration string is a possibly signed sequence of decimal numbers, each with optional fraction and a unit suffix, such as "300ms", "-1.5h" or "2h45m". Valid time units are "ns", "us" (or "µs"), "ms", "s", "m", "h".</p>
<p>Options which use SIZE use kByte by default. However, a suffix of <code>b</code> for bytes, <code>k</code> for kBytes, <code>M</code> for MBytes and <code>G</code> for GBytes may be used. These are the binary units, eg 1, 2**10, 2**20, 2**30 respectively.</p>
<h3 id="backup-dirdir">--backup-dir=DIR</h3>
<p>When using <code>sync</code>, <code>copy</code> or <code>move</code> any files which would have been overwritten or deleted are moved in their original hierarchy into this directory.</p>
<p>If <code>--suffix</code> is set, then the moved files will have the suffix added to them. If there is a file with the same path (after the suffix has been added) in DIR, then it will be overwritten.</p>
<p>The remote in use must support server side move or copy and you must use the same remote as the destination of the sync. The backup directory must not overlap the destination directory.</p>
<p>For example</p>
<pre><code>rclone sync /path/to/local remote:current --backup-dir remote:old</code></pre>
<p>will sync <code>/path/to/local</code> to <code>remote:current</code>, but for any files which would have been updated or deleted will be stored in <code>remote:old</code>.</p>
<p>If running rclone from a script you might want to use today's date as the directory name passed to <code>--backup-dir</code> to store the old files, or you might want to pass <code>--suffix</code> with today's date.</p>
<h3 id="bind-string">--bind string</h3>
<p>Local address to bind to for outgoing connections. This can be an IPv4 address (1.2.3.4), an IPv6 address (1234::789A) or host name. If the host name doesn't resolve or resoves to more than one IP address it will give an error.</p>
<h3 id="bwlimitbandwidth_spec">--bwlimit=BANDWIDTH_SPEC</h3>
<p>This option controls the bandwidth limit. Limits can be specified in two ways: As a single limit, or as a timetable.</p>
<p>Single limits last for the duration of the session. To use a single limit, specify the desired bandwidth in kBytes/s, or use a suffix b|k|M|G. The default is <code>0</code> which means to not limit bandwidth.</p>
<p>For example, to limit bandwidth usage to 10 MBytes/s use <code>--bwlimit 10M</code></p>
<p>It is also possible to specify a "timetable" of limits, which will cause certain limits to be applied at certain times. To specify a timetable, format your entries as "HH:MM,BANDWIDTH HH:MM,BANDWIDTH...".</p>
<p>An example of a typical timetable to avoid link saturation during daytime working hours could be:</p>
<p><code>--bwlimit "08:00,512 12:00,10M 13:00,512 18:00,30M 23:00,off"</code></p>
<p>In this example, the transfer bandwidth will be set to 512kBytes/sec at 8am. At noon, it will raise to 10Mbytes/s, and drop back to 512kBytes/sec at 1pm. At 6pm, the bandwidth limit will be set to 30MBytes/s, and at 11pm it will be completely disabled (full speed). Anything between 11pm and 8am will remain unlimited.</p>
<p>Bandwidth limits only apply to the data transfer. They don't apply to the bandwidth of the directory listings etc.</p>
<p>Note that the units are Bytes/s, not Bits/s. Typically connections are measured in Bits/s - to convert divide by 8. For example, let's say you have a 10 Mbit/s connection and you wish rclone to use half of it - 5 Mbit/s. This is 5/8 = 0.625MByte/s so you would use a <code>--bwlimit 0.625M</code> parameter for rclone.</p>
<p>On Unix systems (Linux, MacOS, …) the bandwidth limiter can be toggled by sending a <code>SIGUSR2</code> signal to rclone. This allows to remove the limitations of a long running rclone transfer and to restore it back to the value specified with <code>--bwlimit</code> quickly when needed. Assuming there is only one rclone instance running, you can toggle the limiter like this:</p>
<pre><code>kill -SIGUSR2 $(pidof rclone)</code></pre>
<h3 id="buffer-sizesize">--buffer-size=SIZE</h3>
<p>Use this sized buffer to speed up file transfers. Each <code>--transfer</code> will use this much memory for buffering.</p>
<p>Set to 0 to disable the buffering for the minimum memory usage.</p>
<h3 id="checkersn">--checkers=N</h3>
<p>The number of checkers to run in parallel. Checkers do the equality checking of files during a sync. For some storage systems (eg S3, Swift, Dropbox) this can take a significant amount of time so they are run in parallel.</p>
<p>The default is to run 8 checkers in parallel.</p>
<h3 id="c---checksum">-c, --checksum</h3>
<p>Normally rclone will look at modification time and size of files to see if they are equal. If you set this flag then rclone will check the file hash and size to determine if files are equal.</p>
<p>This is useful when the remote doesn't support setting modified time and a more accurate sync is desired than just checking the file size.</p>
<p>This is very useful when transferring between remotes which store the same hash type on the object, eg Drive and Swift. For details of which remotes support which hash type see the table in the <a href="https://rclone.org/overview/">overview section</a>.</p>
<p>Eg <code>rclone --checksum sync s3:/bucket swift:/bucket</code> would run much quicker than without the <code>--checksum</code> flag.</p>
<p>When using this flag, rclone won't update mtimes of remote files if they are incorrect as it would normally.</p>
<h3 id="configconfig_file">--config=CONFIG_FILE</h3>
<p>Specify the location of the rclone config file.</p>
<p>Normally the config file is in your home directory as a file called <code>.config/rclone/rclone.conf</code> (or <code>.rclone.conf</code> if created with an older version). If <code>$XDG_CONFIG_HOME</code> is set it will be at <code>$XDG_CONFIG_HOME/rclone/rclone.conf</code></p>
<p>If you run <code>rclone -h</code> and look at the help for the <code>--config</code> option you will see where the default location is for you.</p>
<p>Use this flag to override the config location, eg <code>rclone --config=".myconfig" .config</code>.</p>
<h3 id="contimeouttime">--contimeout=TIME</h3>
<p>Set the connection timeout. This should be in go time format which looks like <code>5s</code> for 5 seconds, <code>10m</code> for 10 minutes, or <code>3h30m</code>.</p>
<p>The connection timeout is the amount of time rclone will wait for a connection to go through to a remote object storage system. It is <code>1m</code> by default.</p>
<h3 id="dedupe-mode-mode">--dedupe-mode MODE</h3>
<p>Mode to run dedupe command in. One of <code>interactive</code>, <code>skip</code>, <code>first</code>, <code>newest</code>, <code>oldest</code>, <code>rename</code>. The default is <code>interactive</code>. See the dedupe command for more information as to what these options mean.</p>
<h3 id="disable-featurefeature...">--disable FEATURE,FEATURE,...</h3>
<p>This disables a comma separated list of optional features. For example to disable server side move and server side copy use:</p>
<pre><code>--disable move,copy</code></pre>
<p>The features can be put in in any case.</p>
<p>To see a list of which features can be disabled use:</p>
<pre><code>--disable help</code></pre>
<p>See the overview <a href="/overview/#features">features</a> and <a href="/overview/#optional-features">optional features</a> to get an idea of which feature does what.</p>
<p>This flag can be useful for debugging and in exceptional circumstances (eg Google Drive limiting the total volume of Server Side Copies to 100GB/day).</p>
<h3 id="n---dry-run">-n, --dry-run</h3>
<p>Do a trial run with no permanent changes. Use this to see what rclone would do without actually doing it. Useful when setting up the <code>sync</code> command which deletes files in the destination.</p>
<h3 id="ignore-checksum">--ignore-checksum</h3>
<p>Normally rclone will check that the checksums of transferred files match, and give an error "corrupted on transfer" if they don't.</p>
<p>You can use this option to skip that check. You should only use it if you have had the "corrupted on transfer" error message and you are sure you might want to transfer potentially corrupted data.</p>
<h3 id="ignore-existing">--ignore-existing</h3>
<p>Using this option will make rclone unconditionally skip all files that exist on the destination, no matter the content of these files.</p>
<p>While this isn't a generally recommended option, it can be useful in cases where your files change due to encryption. However, it cannot correct partial transfers in case a transfer was interrupted.</p>
<h3 id="ignore-size">--ignore-size</h3>
<p>Normally rclone will look at modification time and size of files to see if they are equal. If you set this flag then rclone will check only the modification time. If <code>--checksum</code> is set then it only checks the checksum.</p>
<p>It will also cause rclone to skip verifying the sizes are the same after transfer.</p>
<p>This can be useful for transferring files to and from OneDrive which occasionally misreports the size of image files (see <a href="https://github.com/ncw/rclone/issues/399">#399</a> for more info).</p>
<h3 id="i---ignore-times">-I, --ignore-times</h3>
<p>Using this option will cause rclone to unconditionally upload all files regardless of the state of files on the destination.</p>
<p>Normally rclone would skip any files that have the same modification time and are the same size (or have the same checksum if using <code>--checksum</code>).</p>
<h3 id="immutable">--immutable</h3>
<p>Treat source and destination files as immutable and disallow modification.</p>
<p>With this option set, files will be created and deleted as requested, but existing files will never be updated. If an existing file does not match between the source and destination, rclone will give the error <code>Source and destination exist but do not match: immutable file modified</code>.</p>
<p>Note that only commands which transfer files (e.g. <code>sync</code>, <code>copy</code>, <code>move</code>) are affected by this behavior, and only modification is disallowed. Files may still be deleted explicitly (e.g. <code>delete</code>, <code>purge</code>) or implicitly (e.g. <code>sync</code>, <code>move</code>). Use <code>copy --immutable</code> if it is desired to avoid deletion as well as modification.</p>
<p>This can be useful as an additional layer of protection for immutable or append-only data sets (notably backup archives), where modification implies corruption and should not be propagated.</p>
<h3 id="log-filefile">--log-file=FILE</h3>
<p>Log all of rclone's output to FILE. This is not active by default. This can be useful for tracking down problems with syncs in combination with the <code>-v</code> flag. See the <a href="#logging">Logging section</a> for more info.</p>
<h3 id="log-level-level">--log-level LEVEL</h3>
<p>This sets the log level for rclone. The default log level is <code>INFO</code>.</p>
<p><code>DEBUG</code> is equivalent to <code>-vv</code>. It outputs lots of debug info - useful for bug reports and really finding out what rclone is doing.</p>
<p><code>INFO</code> is equivalent to <code>-v</code>. It outputs information about each transfer and prints stats once a minute by default.</p>
<p><code>NOTICE</code> is the default log level if no logging flags are supplied. It outputs very little when things are working normally. It outputs warnings and significant events.</p>
<p><code>ERROR</code> is equivalent to <code>-q</code>. It only outputs error messages.</p>
<h3 id="low-level-retries-number">--low-level-retries NUMBER</h3>
<p>This controls the number of low level retries rclone does.</p>
<p>A low level retry is used to retry a failing operation - typically one HTTP request. This might be uploading a chunk of a big file for example. You will see low level retries in the log with the <code>-v</code> flag.</p>
<p>This shouldn't need to be changed from the default in normal operations. However, if you get a lot of low level retries you may wish to reduce the value so rclone moves on to a high level retry (see the <code>--retries</code> flag) quicker.</p>
<p>Disable low level retries with <code>--low-level-retries 1</code>.</p>
<h3 id="max-depthn">--max-depth=N</h3>
<p>This modifies the recursion depth for all the commands except purge.</p>
<p>So if you do <code>rclone --max-depth 1 ls remote:path</code> you will see only the files in the top level directory. Using <code>--max-depth 2</code> means you will see all the files in first two directory levels and so on.</p>
<p>For historical reasons the <code>lsd</code> command defaults to using a <code>--max-depth</code> of 1 - you can override this with the command line flag.</p>
<p>You can use this command to disable recursion (with <code>--max-depth 1</code>).</p>
<p>Note that if you use this with <code>sync</code> and <code>--delete-excluded</code> the files not recursed through are considered excluded and will be deleted on the destination. Test first with <code>--dry-run</code> if you are not sure what will happen.</p>
<h3 id="modify-windowtime">--modify-window=TIME</h3>
<p>When checking whether a file has been modified, this is the maximum allowed time difference that a file can have and still be considered equivalent.</p>
<p>The default is <code>1ns</code> unless this is overridden by a remote. For example OS X only stores modification times to the nearest second so if you are reading and writing to an OS X filing system this will be <code>1s</code> by default.</p>
<p>This command line flag allows you to override that computed default.</p>
<h3 id="no-gzip-encoding">--no-gzip-encoding</h3>
<p>Don't set <code>Accept-Encoding: gzip</code>. This means that rclone won't ask the server for compressed files automatically. Useful if you've set the server to return files with <code>Content-Encoding: gzip</code> but you uploaded compressed files.</p>
<p>There is no need to set this in normal operation, and doing so will decrease the network transfer efficiency of rclone.</p>
<h3 id="no-update-modtime">--no-update-modtime</h3>
<p>When using this flag, rclone won't update modification times of remote files if they are incorrect as it would normally.</p>
<p>This can be used if the remote is being synced with another tool also (eg the Google Drive client).</p>
<h3 id="q---quiet">-q, --quiet</h3>
<p>Normally rclone outputs stats and a completion message. If you set this flag it will make as little output as possible.</p>
<h3 id="retries-int">--retries int</h3>
<p>Retry the entire sync if it fails this many times it fails (default 3).</p>
<p>Some remotes can be unreliable and a few retries help pick up the files which didn't get transferred because of errors.</p>
<p>Disable retries with <code>--retries 1</code>.</p>
<h3 id="size-only">--size-only</h3>
<p>Normally rclone will look at modification time and size of files to see if they are equal. If you set this flag then rclone will check only the size.</p>
<p>This can be useful transferring files from Dropbox which have been modified by the desktop sync client which doesn't set checksums of modification times in the same way as rclone.</p>
<h3 id="statstime">--stats=TIME</h3>
<p>Commands which transfer data (<code>sync</code>, <code>copy</code>, <code>copyto</code>, <code>move</code>, <code>moveto</code>) will print data transfer stats at regular intervals to show their progress.</p>
<p>This sets the interval.</p>
<p>The default is <code>1m</code>. Use 0 to disable.</p>
<p>If you set the stats interval then all commands can show stats. This can be useful when running other commands, <code>check</code> or <code>mount</code> for example.</p>
<p>Stats are logged at <code>INFO</code> level by default which means they won't show at default log level <code>NOTICE</code>. Use <code>--stats-log-level NOTICE</code> or <code>-v</code> to make them show. See the <a href="#logging">Logging section</a> for more info on log levels.</p>
<h3 id="stats-log-level-string">--stats-log-level string</h3>
<p>Log level to show <code>--stats</code> output at. This can be <code>DEBUG</code>, <code>INFO</code>, <code>NOTICE</code>, or <code>ERROR</code>. The default is <code>INFO</code>. This means at the default level of logging which is <code>NOTICE</code> the stats won't show - if you want them to then use <code>-stats-log-level NOTICE</code>. See the <a href="#logging">Logging section</a> for more info on log levels.</p>
<h3 id="stats-unitbitsbytes">--stats-unit=bits|bytes</h3>
<p>By default, data transfer rates will be printed in bytes/second.</p>
<p>This option allows the data rate to be printed in bits/second.</p>
<p>Data transfer volume will still be reported in bytes.</p>
<p>The rate is reported as a binary unit, not SI unit. So 1 Mbit/s equals 1,048,576 bits/s and not 1,000,000 bits/s.</p>
<p>The default is <code>bytes</code>.</p>
<h3 id="suffixsuffix">--suffix=SUFFIX</h3>
<p>This is for use with <code>--backup-dir</code> only. If this isn't set then <code>--backup-dir</code> will move files with their original name. If it is set then the files will have SUFFIX added on to them.</p>
<p>See <code>--backup-dir</code> for more info.</p>
<h3 id="syslog">--syslog</h3>
<p>On capable OSes (not Windows or Plan9) send all log output to syslog.</p>
<p>This can be useful for running rclone in a script or <code>rclone mount</code>.</p>
<h3 id="syslog-facility-string">--syslog-facility string</h3>
<p>If using <code>--syslog</code> this sets the syslog facility (eg <code>KERN</code>, <code>USER</code>). See <code>man syslog</code> for a list of possible facilities. The default facility is <code>DAEMON</code>.</p>
<h3 id="tpslimit-float">--tpslimit float</h3>
<p>Limit HTTP transactions per second to this. Default is 0 which is used to mean unlimited transactions per second.</p>
<p>For example to limit rclone to 10 HTTP transactions per second use <code>--tpslimit 10</code>, or to 1 transaction every 2 seconds use <code>--tpslimit 0.5</code>.</p>
<p>Use this when the number of transactions per second from rclone is causing a problem with the cloud storage provider (eg getting you banned or rate limited).</p>
<p>This can be very useful for <code>rclone mount</code> to control the behaviour of applications using it.</p>
<p>See also <code>--tpslimit-burst</code>.</p>
<h3 id="tpslimit-burst-int">--tpslimit-burst int</h3>
<p>Max burst of transactions for <code>--tpslimit</code>. (default 1)</p>
<p>Normally <code>--tpslimit</code> will do exactly the number of transaction per second specified. However if you supply <code>--tps-burst</code> then rclone can save up some transactions from when it was idle giving a burst of up to the parameter supplied.</p>
<p>For example if you provide <code>--tpslimit-burst 10</code> then if rclone has been idle for more than 10*<code>--tpslimit</code> then it can do 10 transactions very quickly before they are limited again.</p>
<p>This may be used to increase performance of <code>--tpslimit</code> without changing the long term average number of transactions per second.</p>
<h3 id="track-renames">--track-renames</h3>
<p>By default, rclone doesn't keep track of renamed files, so if you rename a file locally then sync it to a remote, rclone will delete the old file on the remote and upload a new copy.</p>
<p>If you use this flag, and the remote supports server side copy or server side move, and the source and destination have a compatible hash, then this will track renames during <code>sync</code>, <code>copy</code>, and <code>move</code> operations and perform renaming server-side.</p>
<p>Files will be matched by size and hash - if both match then a rename will be considered.</p>
<p>If the destination does not support server-side copy or move, rclone will fall back to the default behaviour and log an error level message to the console.</p>
<p>Note that <code>--track-renames</code> is incompatible with <code>--no-traverse</code> and that it uses extra memory to keep track of all the rename candidates.</p>
<p>Note also that <code>--track-renames</code> is incompatible with <code>--delete-before</code> and will select <code>--delete-after</code> instead of <code>--delete-during</code>.</p>
<h3 id="delete-beforeduringafter">--delete-(before,during,after)</h3>
<p>This option allows you to specify when files on your destination are deleted when you sync folders.</p>
<p>Specifying the value <code>--delete-before</code> will delete all files present on the destination, but not on the source <em>before</em> starting the transfer of any new or updated files. This uses two passes through the file systems, one for the deletions and one for the copies.</p>
<p>Specifying <code>--delete-during</code> will delete files while checking and uploading files. This is the fastest option and uses the least memory.</p>
<p>Specifying <code>--delete-after</code> (the default value) will delay deletion of files until all new/updated files have been successfully transferred. The files to be deleted are collected in the copy pass then deleted after the copy pass has completed successfully. The files to be deleted are held in memory so this mode may use more memory. This is the safest mode as it will only delete files if there have been no errors subsequent to that. If there have been errors before the deletions start then you will get the message <code>not deleting files as there were IO errors</code>.</p>
<h3 id="fast-list">--fast-list</h3>
<p>When doing anything which involves a directory listing (eg <code>sync</code>, <code>copy</code>, <code>ls</code> - in fact nearly every command), rclone normally lists a directory and processes it before using more directory lists to process any subdirectories. This can be parallelised and works very quickly using the least amount of memory.</p>
<p>However, some remotes have a way of listing all files beneath a directory in one (or a small number) of transactions. These tend to be the bucket based remotes (eg S3, B2, GCS, Swift, Hubic).</p>
<p>If you use the <code>--fast-list</code> flag then rclone will use this method for listing directories. This will have the following consequences for the listing:</p>
<ul>
<li>It <strong>will</strong> use fewer transactions (important if you pay for them)</li>
<li>It <strong>will</strong> use more memory. Rclone has to load the whole listing into memory.</li>
<li>It <em>may</em> be faster because it uses fewer transactions</li>
<li>It <em>may</em> be slower because it can't be parallelized</li>
</ul>
<p>rclone should always give identical results with and without <code>--fast-list</code>.</p>
<p>If you pay for transactions and can fit your entire sync listing into memory then <code>--fast-list</code> is recommended. If you have a very big sync to do then don't use <code>--fast-list</code> otherwise you will run out of memory.</p>
<p>If you use <code>--fast-list</code> on a remote which doesn't support it, then rclone will just ignore it.</p>
<h3 id="timeouttime">--timeout=TIME</h3>
<p>This sets the IO idle timeout. If a transfer has started but then becomes idle for this long it is considered broken and disconnected.</p>
<p>The default is <code>5m</code>. Set to 0 to disable.</p>
<h3 id="transfersn">--transfers=N</h3>
<p>The number of file transfers to run in parallel. It can sometimes be useful to set this to a smaller number if the remote is giving a lot of timeouts or bigger if you have lots of bandwidth and a fast remote.</p>
<p>The default is to run 4 file transfers in parallel.</p>
<h3 id="u---update">-u, --update</h3>
<p>This forces rclone to skip any files which exist on the destination and have a modified time that is newer than the source file.</p>
<p>If an existing destination file has a modification time equal (within the computed modify window precision) to the source file's, it will be updated if the sizes are different.</p>
<p>On remotes which don't support mod time directly the time checked will be the uploaded time. This means that if uploading to one of these remotes, rclone will skip any files which exist on the destination and have an uploaded time that is newer than the modification time of the source file.</p>
<p>This can be useful when transferring to a remote which doesn't support mod times directly as it is more accurate than a <code>--size-only</code> check and faster than using <code>--checksum</code>.</p>
<h3 id="v--vv---verbose">-v, -vv, --verbose</h3>
<p>With <code>-v</code> rclone will tell you about each file that is transferred and a small number of significant events.</p>
<p>With <code>-vv</code> rclone will become very verbose telling you about every file it considers and transfers. Please send bug reports with a log with this setting.</p>
<h3 id="v---version">-V, --version</h3>
<p>Prints the version number</p>
<h2 id="configuration-encryption">Configuration Encryption</h2>
<p>Your configuration file contains information for logging in to your cloud services. This means that you should keep your <code>.rclone.conf</code> file in a secure location.</p>
<p>If you are in an environment where that isn't possible, you can add a password to your configuration. This means that you will have to enter the password every time you start rclone.</p>
<p>To add a password to your rclone configuration, execute <code>rclone config</code>.</p>
<pre><code>>rclone config
Current remotes:
e) Edit existing remote
n) New remote
d) Delete remote
s) Set configuration password
q) Quit config
e/n/d/s/q></code></pre>
<p>Go into <code>s</code>, Set configuration password:</p>
<pre><code>e/n/d/s/q> s
Your configuration is not encrypted.
If you add a password, you will protect your login information to cloud services.
a) Add Password
q) Quit to main menu
a/q> a
Enter NEW configuration password:
password:
Confirm NEW password:
password:
Password set
Your configuration is encrypted.
c) Change Password
u) Unencrypt configuration
q) Quit to main menu
c/u/q></code></pre>
<p>Your configuration is now encrypted, and every time you start rclone you will now be asked for the password. In the same menu, you can change the password or completely remove encryption from your configuration.</p>
<p>There is no way to recover the configuration if you lose your password.</p>
<p>rclone uses <a href="https://godoc.org/golang.org/x/crypto/nacl/secretbox">nacl secretbox</a> which in turn uses XSalsa20 and Poly1305 to encrypt and authenticate your configuration with secret-key cryptography. The password is SHA-256 hashed, which produces the key for secretbox. The hashed password is not stored.</p>
<p>While this provides very good security, we do not recommend storing your encrypted rclone configuration in public if it contains sensitive information, maybe except if you use a very strong password.</p>
<p>If it is safe in your environment, you can set the <code>RCLONE_CONFIG_PASS</code> environment variable to contain your password, in which case it will be used for decrypting the configuration.</p>
<p>You can set this for a session from a script. For unix like systems save this to a file called <code>set-rclone-password</code>:</p>
<pre><code>#!/bin/echo Source this file don't run it
read -s RCLONE_CONFIG_PASS
export RCLONE_CONFIG_PASS</code></pre>
<p>Then source the file when you want to use it. From the shell you would do <code>source set-rclone-password</code>. It will then ask you for the password and set it in the environment variable.</p>
<p>If you are running rclone inside a script, you might want to disable password prompts. To do that, pass the parameter <code>--ask-password=false</code> to rclone. This will make rclone fail instead of asking for a password if <code>RCLONE_CONFIG_PASS</code> doesn't contain a valid password.</p>
<h2 id="developer-options">Developer options</h2>
<p>These options are useful when developing or debugging rclone. There are also some more remote specific options which aren't documented here which are used for testing. These start with remote name eg <code>--drive-test-option</code> - see the docs for the remote in question.</p>
<h3 id="cpuprofilefile">--cpuprofile=FILE</h3>
<p>Write CPU profile to file. This can be analysed with <code>go tool pprof</code>.</p>
<h3 id="dump-auth">--dump-auth</h3>
<p>Dump HTTP headers - will contain sensitive info such as <code>Authorization:</code> headers - use <code>--dump-headers</code> to dump without <code>Authorization:</code> headers. Can be very verbose. Useful for debugging only.</p>
<h3 id="dump-bodies">--dump-bodies</h3>
<p>Dump HTTP headers and bodies - may contain sensitive info. Can be very verbose. Useful for debugging only.</p>
<p>Note that the bodies are buffered in memory so don't use this for enormous files.</p>
<h3 id="dump-filters">--dump-filters</h3>
<p>Dump the filters to the output. Useful to see exactly what include and exclude options are filtering on.</p>
<h3 id="dump-headers">--dump-headers</h3>
<p>Dump HTTP headers with <code>Authorization:</code> lines removed. May still contain sensitive info. Can be very verbose. Useful for debugging only.</p>
<p>Use <code>--dump-auth</code> if you do want the <code>Authorization:</code> headers.</p>
<h3 id="memprofilefile">--memprofile=FILE</h3>
<p>Write memory profile to file. This can be analysed with <code>go tool pprof</code>.</p>
<h3 id="no-check-certificatetruefalse">--no-check-certificate=true/false</h3>
<p><code>--no-check-certificate</code> controls whether a client verifies the server's certificate chain and host name. If <code>--no-check-certificate</code> is true, TLS accepts any certificate presented by the server and any host name in that certificate. In this mode, TLS is susceptible to man-in-the-middle attacks.</p>
<p>This option defaults to <code>false</code>.</p>
<p><strong>This should be used only for testing.</strong></p>
<h3 id="no-traverse">--no-traverse</h3>
<p>The <code>--no-traverse</code> flag controls whether the destination file system is traversed when using the <code>copy</code> or <code>move</code> commands. <code>--no-traverse</code> is not compatible with <code>sync</code> and will be ignored if you supply it with <code>sync</code>.</p>
<p>If you are only copying a small number of files and/or have a large number of files on the destination then <code>--no-traverse</code> will stop rclone listing the destination and save time.</p>
<p>However, if you are copying a large number of files, especially if you are doing a copy where lots of the files haven't changed and won't need copying then you shouldn't use <code>--no-traverse</code>.</p>
<p>It can also be used to reduce the memory usage of rclone when copying - <code>rclone --no-traverse copy src dst</code> won't load either the source or destination listings into memory so will use the minimum amount of memory.</p>
<h2 id="filtering">Filtering</h2>
<p>For the filtering options</p>
<ul>
<li><code>--delete-excluded</code></li>
<li><code>--filter</code></li>
<li><code>--filter-from</code></li>
<li><code>--exclude</code></li>
<li><code>--exclude-from</code></li>
<li><code>--include</code></li>
<li><code>--include-from</code></li>
<li><code>--files-from</code></li>
<li><code>--min-size</code></li>
<li><code>--max-size</code></li>
<li><code>--min-age</code></li>
<li><code>--max-age</code></li>
<li><code>--dump-filters</code></li>
</ul>
<p>See the <a href="https://rclone.org/filtering/">filtering section</a>.</p>
<h2 id="logging">Logging</h2>
<p>rclone has 4 levels of logging, <code>Error</code>, <code>Notice</code>, <code>Info</code> and <code>Debug</code>.</p>
<p>By default, rclone logs to standard error. This means you can redirect standard error and still see the normal output of rclone commands (eg <code>rclone ls</code>).</p>
<p>By default, rclone will produce <code>Error</code> and <code>Notice</code> level messages.</p>
<p>If you use the <code>-q</code> flag, rclone will only produce <code>Error</code> messages.</p>
<p>If you use the <code>-v</code> flag, rclone will produce <code>Error</code>, <code>Notice</code> and <code>Info</code> messages.</p>
<p>If you use the <code>-vv</code> flag, rclone will produce <code>Error</code>, <code>Notice</code>, <code>Info</code> and <code>Debug</code> messages.</p>
<p>You can also control the log levels with the <code>--log-level</code> flag.</p>
<p>If you use the <code>--log-file=FILE</code> option, rclone will redirect <code>Error</code>, <code>Info</code> and <code>Debug</code> messages along with standard error to FILE.</p>
<p>If you use the <code>--syslog</code> flag then rclone will log to syslog and the <code>--syslog-facility</code> control which facility it uses.</p>
<p>Rclone prefixes all log messages with their level in capitals, eg INFO which makes it easy to grep the log file for different kinds of information.</p>
<h2 id="exit-code">Exit Code</h2>
<p>If any errors occur during the command execution, rclone will exit with a non-zero exit code. This allows scripts to detect when rclone operations have failed.</p>