vultr-ccm component updates

[vultj]

Description

Updates a lot of components to vultr-ccm:

• Updates k8s.io/component-base et al to v0.24.6 (from v0.22.9)
• Bumps go version from 1.17 to 1.19
• Adds golangci-lint; including to github actions
• Updates klog version
• Removes github.com/pkg/errors in favor of just using fmt.Error
• Updates golang.org/x/oauth2
• Fixes a lot golangci-lint issues

Checklist:

• Have you checked to ensure there aren't other open Pull Requests for the same update/change?
• Have you linted your code locally prior to submission?
• Have you successfully ran tests with your changes locally?

This has been tested within adding/creating/deleting load balancers.

[optik-aper]

Looks good