adds CSV serialisations for each RDF graph

- adds a <file>.csv for each RDF graph present e.g. both /dpv/dpv.csv
  and /dpv/modules/<module>.csv are provided
- see #165 for discussion
- contents of CSV are: 'term', 'type', 'iri', 'label', 'definition',
  'dpvtype', 'subclassof', 'hasbroader', 'scopenote', 'created', 'modified',
  'vocab', 'namespace'
- where:
  - term is the DPV term without vocab namespace e.g. AcademicResearch
  - type represents if it is a rdfs:Class or rdf:Property
  - dpvtype is the DPV term whose instance the term is e.g. Purpose
  - subclassof indicates the DPV term that is used with rdfs:subClasOf
  - hasbroader lists the DPV terms used with skos:broader
  - vocab provides the vocab identifier e.g. dpv
  - namespace provides the vocab IRI e.g. https://w3id.org/dpv
  - iri = namespace + term

ai/ai.csv

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+term,type,iri,label,definition,dpvtype,subclassof,hasbroader,scopenote,created,modified,vocab,namespace
+AI,class,https://w3id.org/dpv/ai#AI,Artificial Intelligence (AI),"A technical and scientific field devoted to the engineered system that generates outputs such as content, forecasts, recommendations or decisions for a given set of human-defined objectives",,https://w3id.org/dpv#Technology,https://w3id.org/dpv#Technology,This concept is a stub;This concept is a stub,2024-04-28,,ai,https://w3id.org/dpv/ai
+AISystem,class,https://w3id.org/dpv/ai#AISystem,AI System,"OECD 2024 definition: An AI system is a machine-based system that, for explicit or implicit objectives, infers, from the input it receives, how to generate outputs such as predictions, content, recommendations, or decisions that can influence physical or virtual environments. Different AI systems vary in their levels of autonomy and adaptiveness after deployment. ISO/IEC 22989:2023 definition: engineered system that generates outputs such as content, forecasts, recommendations or decisions for a given set of human-defined objectives",,https://w3id.org/dpv/ai#AI,https://w3id.org/dpv/ai#AI,,2024-05-17,,ai,https://w3id.org/dpv/ai
+Capability,class,https://w3id.org/dpv/ai#Capability,Capability,Capability or use of AI to achieve a technical goal or objective,,https://w3id.org/dpv/ai#AI,https://w3id.org/dpv/ai#AI,This concept is a stub;This concept is a stub,2024-04-28,,ai,https://w3id.org/dpv/ai
+Measure,class,https://w3id.org/dpv/ai#Measure,Measure,Measure to address risk associated with AI Systems,,https://w3id.org/dpv#RiskMitigationMeasure,https://w3id.org/dpv#RiskMitigationMeasure,This concept is a stub;This concept is a stub,2024-04-28,,ai,https://w3id.org/dpv/ai
+Model,class,https://w3id.org/dpv/ai#Model,Model,"Physical, mathematical or otherwise logical representation of a system, entity, phenomenon, process or data",,https://w3id.org/dpv/ai#AI,https://w3id.org/dpv/ai#AI,,2024-05-17,,ai,https://w3id.org/dpv/ai
+Risk,class,https://w3id.org/dpv/ai#Risk,Risk,"Risk associated with development, use, or operation of AI systems",,https://w3id.org/dpv#Risk,https://w3id.org/dpv#Risk,This concept is a stub;This concept is a stub,2024-04-28,,ai,https://w3id.org/dpv/ai
+Technique,class,https://w3id.org/dpv/ai#Technique,Technique,Techniques for using or applying AI,,https://w3id.org/dpv/ai#AI,https://w3id.org/dpv/ai#AI,This concept is a stub;This concept is a stub,2024-04-28,,ai,https://w3id.org/dpv/ai

ai/modules/capabilities.csv

@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+term,type,iri,label,definition,dpvtype,subclassof,hasbroader,scopenote,created,modified,vocab,namespace
+Capability,class,https://w3id.org/dpv/ai#Capability,Capability,Capability or use of AI to achieve a technical goal or objective,,https://w3id.org/dpv/ai#AI,https://w3id.org/dpv/ai#AI,This concept is a stub;This concept is a stub,2024-04-28,,ai,https://w3id.org/dpv/ai

ai/modules/core.csv

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+term,type,iri,label,definition,dpvtype,subclassof,hasbroader,scopenote,created,modified,vocab,namespace
+AI,class,https://w3id.org/dpv/ai#AI,Artificial Intelligence (AI),"A technical and scientific field devoted to the engineered system that generates outputs such as content, forecasts, recommendations or decisions for a given set of human-defined objectives",,https://w3id.org/dpv#Technology,https://w3id.org/dpv#Technology,This concept is a stub;This concept is a stub,2024-04-28,,ai,https://w3id.org/dpv/ai
+AISystem,class,https://w3id.org/dpv/ai#AISystem,AI System,"OECD 2024 definition: An AI system is a machine-based system that, for explicit or implicit objectives, infers, from the input it receives, how to generate outputs such as predictions, content, recommendations, or decisions that can influence physical or virtual environments. Different AI systems vary in their levels of autonomy and adaptiveness after deployment. ISO/IEC 22989:2023 definition: engineered system that generates outputs such as content, forecasts, recommendations or decisions for a given set of human-defined objectives",,https://w3id.org/dpv/ai#AI,https://w3id.org/dpv/ai#AI,,2024-05-17,,ai,https://w3id.org/dpv/ai
+Model,class,https://w3id.org/dpv/ai#Model,Model,"Physical, mathematical or otherwise logical representation of a system, entity, phenomenon, process or data",,https://w3id.org/dpv/ai#AI,https://w3id.org/dpv/ai#AI,,2024-05-17,,ai,https://w3id.org/dpv/ai

ai/modules/measures.csv

@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+term,type,iri,label,definition,dpvtype,subclassof,hasbroader,scopenote,created,modified,vocab,namespace
+Measure,class,https://w3id.org/dpv/ai#Measure,Measure,Measure to address risk associated with AI Systems,,https://w3id.org/dpv#RiskMitigationMeasure,https://w3id.org/dpv#RiskMitigationMeasure,This concept is a stub;This concept is a stub,2024-04-28,,ai,https://w3id.org/dpv/ai

ai/modules/risks.csv

@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+term,type,iri,label,definition,dpvtype,subclassof,hasbroader,scopenote,created,modified,vocab,namespace
+Risk,class,https://w3id.org/dpv/ai#Risk,Risk,"Risk associated with development, use, or operation of AI systems",,https://w3id.org/dpv#Risk,https://w3id.org/dpv#Risk,This concept is a stub;This concept is a stub,2024-04-28,,ai,https://w3id.org/dpv/ai

ai/modules/techniques.csv

@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+term,type,iri,label,definition,dpvtype,subclassof,hasbroader,scopenote,created,modified,vocab,namespace
+Technique,class,https://w3id.org/dpv/ai#Technique,Technique,Techniques for using or applying AI,,https://w3id.org/dpv/ai#AI,https://w3id.org/dpv/ai#AI,This concept is a stub;This concept is a stub,2024-04-28,,ai,https://w3id.org/dpv/ai

code/200_serialise_RDF.py

@@ -137,6 +137,64 @@ def _convert(term:dict) -> dict:
 
 # == export ==
 
+def write_CSV_graph(graph, filepath: str, vocab: str, namespace: str) -> None:
+    '''Write a CSV file for the given graph at filepath'''
+    def _consolidate(item: list) -> list:
+        items = set()
+        for item in item.split(';'):
+            if not item.startswith('https://w3id.org/dpv'): continue
+            items.add(item)
+        return ";".join(items)
+
+    query_header = ('iri', 'label', 'definition', 
+        'dpvtype', 'subclassof', 'hasbroader',
+        'scopenote', 'created', 'modified')
+    header = ('term', 'type', *query_header, 'vocab', 'namespace')
+    with open(f'{filepath}.csv', 'w') as fd:
+        writer = csv.writer(fd)
+        writer.writerow(header)
+        query = """
+            SELECT ?iri ?label ?definition
+                (group_concat(?type; separator=";") as ?types)
+                (group_concat(?parent; separator=";") as ?subclassof)
+                (group_concat(?broader; separator=";") as ?hasbroader)
+                (group_concat(?note; separator=";") as ?scopenote)
+                ?created ?modified
+            WHERE {
+                ?iri a skos:Concept .
+                ?iri skos:prefLabel ?label .
+                ?iri rdf:type ?type .
+                ?iri skos:definition ?definition .
+                ?iri dct:created ?created .
+                OPTIONAL { ?iri rdfs:subClassOf ?parent } .
+                OPTIONAL { ?iri skos:broader ?broader } .
+                OPTIONAL { ?iri skos:scopeNote ?note } .
+                OPTIONAL { ?iri dct:modified ?modified } .
+            } GROUP BY ?iri ?label ?definition ORDER BY ?iri
+        """
+        results = graph.query(query)
+        for row in results:
+            value = {
+                'term': prefix_from_iri(row[0]).split(':')[1],
+                'vocab': vocab,
+                'namespace': namespace}
+            for index, item in enumerate(row):
+                value[query_header[index]] = item
+            if 'rdf-schema#Class' in value['dpvtype']:
+                value['type'] = 'class'
+            elif 'rdf-syntax-ns#Property' in value['dpvtype']:
+                value['type'] = 'property'
+            else:
+                raise Exception(f"Unknown type: {value['dpvtype']} in {value['term']}")
+            for key in (('dpvtype', 'subclassof', 'hasbroader')):
+                value[key] = _consolidate(value[key])
+
+            writer.writerow((value[x] for x in header))
+
+
+    INFO(f'wrote {filepath}.csv')
+
+
 # === serialise-RDF ===
 def serialize_graph(triples:list, filepath:str, vocab:str, hook:str=None) -> None:
     '''`serialize_graph` serializes triples at filepath with defined 
@@ -251,6 +309,8 @@ def serialize_graph(triples:list, filepath:str, vocab:str, hook:str=None) -> Non
         graph.serialize(f'{filepath}.{ext}', format=format)
     INFO(f'wrote {filepath}.[{",".join(RDF_SERIALIZATIONS)}]')
 
+    write_CSV_graph(graph, filepath, vocab, vocab_iri)
+
     ##### Serialise in OWL
     # - TODO: Decide format for serialising OWL variant
     # - TODO: convert to manchester syntax via external tool