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Additional edits for clarity and consistency.
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aphillips committed Sep 27, 2020
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Expand Up @@ -120,7 +120,7 @@ <h3>Locales and Internationalization</h3>

<p class="definition"><dfn data-lt="localization|localized|L10N">Localization</dfn>. The tailoring of a system to the individual cultural expectations of a specific target market or group of individuals. Localization includes, but is not limited to, the translation of user-facing text and messages. Localization is sometimes abbreviated as <code>L10N</code> because there are ten letters between the "L" and the "N" in the English word. When a particular set of content and preferences corresponding to a specific set of international preferences is operationally available, then the system is said to be <em>localized</em>.</p>

<p class="definition"><dfn id="locale" data-lt="locale|locales">Locale</dfn>. An identifier or shorthand token, such as a <a>language tag</a>, that indicates a set of <a>international preferences</a>. Usually this identifier indicates the preferred language of the user and possibly includes other information, such as a geographic region (such as a country). A locale is passed in APIs or set in the operating environment to obtain culturally-affected behavior within a system or process.</p>
<p class="definition"><dfn id="locale" data-lt="locale|locales">Locale</dfn>. An identifier (such as a <a>language tag</a>) for a set of <a>international preferences</a>. Usually this identifier indicates the preferred language of the user and possibly includes other information, such as a geographic region (such as a country). A locale is passed in APIs or set in the operating environment to obtain culturally-affected behavior within a system or process.</p>

<p class="definition"><dfn data-lt="locale aware|locale-aware|enabled|enable">Locale-aware</dfn> (or <em>Enabled</em>). A system that can respond to changes in the <a>locale</a> with culturally and language-specific behavior or content. Generally, systems that are internationalized can support a wide range of <a>locales</a> in order to meet the <a>international preferences</a> of many kinds of users.</p>

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<p class="definition"><dfn data-lt="common locale data repository|CLDR">Common Locale Data Repository</dfn> (or <em>[[CLDR]]</em>). The Common Locale Data Repository is a Unicode Consortium project that defines, collects, and curates sets of <a>locale</a> data needed to <a>enable</a> systems or operating environments. CLDR data and its locale model are widely adopted, particularly in browsers.</p>

<p class="definition"><dfn>Unicode Locale</dfn>. A combination of language tag extensions ([[RFC6067]], [[RFC6497]]) and additional processing rules defined by [[CLDR]] to support <a>locales</a>.</p>
<p class="definition"><dfn>Unicode Locale</dfn>. A <a>language tag</a> that follows the additional processing rules defined by [[CLDR]]. A Unicode Locale can include a combination of certain language tag extensions ([[RFC6067]], [[RFC6497]]), although it is not required to do so.</p>

<p>A Unicode locale provides the ability to specify in a language tag international preference variations that go beyond linguistic or regional variation or to select formatting behavior or content when there are multiple options. Unicode locale identifiers are well-formed BCP47 language tags. Unicode locale identifieres have additional rules about the structure and content of a language tag as well as supplying specific interpretation of certain subtags. Unicode Locales increasingly form the basis for <a>internationalization</a> on the Web, particularly as part of the <code>Intl</code> locale framework [[ECMA-402]] in JavaScript [[ECMASCRIPT]].</p>
<p>A Unicode locale provides the ability to specify in a <a>language tag</a> some <a>international preference</a> variations that go beyond linguistic or regional variation or to select formatting behavior or content when there are multiple options or user preferences within a given locale. Unicode locale identifiers are well-formed BCP47 language tags. [[CLDR]] also specifies some additional rules about the structure and content of the Unicode Locale's language tag as well as supplying specific interpretation of certain subtags. Unicode Locales increasingly form the basis for <a>internationalization</a> on the Web, particularly as part of the <code>Intl</code> locale framework [[ECMA-402]] in JavaScript [[ECMASCRIPT]].</p>

<p>Unicode's [[CLDR]] project maintains both [[BCP47]] extensions related to Unicode locales. The Unicode locale language tag extension [[RFC6067]] uses the <code>-u-</code> subtag, and provides subtags for selecting different locale-based formats and behaviors.</p>
<p>Unicode's [[CLDR]] project maintains both of the [[BCP47]] extensions related to Unicode locales. The Unicode locale language tag extension [[RFC6067]] uses the <code>-u-</code> subtag, and provides subtags for selecting different locale-based formats and behaviors.</p>

<aside class="example" id="example-locale-variation">
<p>Here are a few selected examples of Unicode locale variations.</p>
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<p>A <a>locale-neutral</a> representation might itself be linked to a specific cultural preference, but such linkages should be minimized. An example of this are the ISO8601 serializations of date/time values. Many of these are linked to the Gregorian calendar, but the format, field order, separators, and visual appearance are not specifically suitable to any locale (they are intended to be machine readable) and, as shown in the <a href="#example-locale-variation">example</a> above, the value can be converted for display into any calendar or locale.</p>

<aside class="example">
<p>Suppose your application needs to collect and store some value in a <a>field</a>. The system can use a <a>locale-neutral</a> format for storing and exchanging the value: schema languages such as [[XMLSCHEMA11-2]] or data formats such as [[JSON]] provide ready made types for this purpose. When the user is entering or editing the value, however, the user expects to interact with a more human friendly format. For example, if your application needed to input a user's birth date and the value they were trying to enter were <code>2020-01-31</code>:</p>
<p>Suppose your application needs to collect and store some value in a <a>field</a>. The system can use a <a>locale-neutral</a> format for storing and exchanging the value. For instance, schema languages such as [[XMLSCHEMA11-2]] or data formats such as [[JSON]] provide ready made types for this purpose. When the user is entering or editing the value, however, the user expects to interact with a more human friendly format. For example, if your application needed to input a user's birth date and the value they were trying to enter were <code>2020-01-31</code>:</p>

<p>The input field might look like this in HTML:</p>
<pre>&lt;input type="date" id="birthDate" value="2020-01-31" lang=&#x2026; &gt;</em></pre>
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