Add recovery-wrapper for goroutines and migrate most usages

[dirkkul]

Second part of #4329

What's being changed:

Adds a wrapper for goroutines that recovers from panics and migrates most usages of go.

Follow up PR will contain:

• migration of the remaining direct go usages
• Custom linter (hopefully)

example looks like this:

{"level":"error","msg":"Recovered from panic: test","time":"2024-03-08T11:57:58+01:00"}
goroutine 79 [running]:
runtime/debug.Stack()
        /opt/homebrew/opt/go/libexec/src/runtime/debug/stack.go:24 +0x64
runtime/debug.PrintStack()
        /opt/homebrew/opt/go/libexec/src/runtime/debug/stack.go:16 +0x1c
github.com/weaviate/weaviate/entities/errors.GoWrapper.func1.1()
        /Users/dirkkulawiak/Documents/weaviate/weaviate/entities/errors/go_wrapper.go:13 +0xa4
panic({0x103d33820?, 0x10407e2d0?})
        /opt/homebrew/opt/go/libexec/src/runtime/panic.go:914 +0x218
github.com/weaviate/weaviate/adapters/repos/db.(*Index).initAndStoreShards.func2()
        /Users/dirkkulawiak/Documents/weaviate/weaviate/adapters/repos/db/index.go:332 +0xa0
github.com/weaviate/weaviate/entities/errors.GoWrapper.func1()
        /Users/dirkkulawiak/Documents/weaviate/weaviate/entities/errors/go_wrapper.go:16 +0x64
created by github.com/weaviate/weaviate/entities/errors.GoWrapper in goroutine 1
        /Users/dirkkulawiak/Documents/weaviate/weaviate/entities/errors/go_wrapper.go:9 +0x80

Review checklist

• Documentation has been updated, if necessary. Link to changed documentation:
• Chaos pipeline run or not necessary. Link to pipeline:
• All new code is covered by tests where it is reasonable.
• Performance tests have been run or not necessary.

[sonarcloud]

Quality Gate passed

Issues
0 New issues
0 Accepted issues

Measures
0 Security Hotspots
No data about Coverage
1.7% Duplication on New Code

See analysis details on SonarCloud