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<h1 id="wb-cont">Defining a Key Cell - HTML Tables Techniques - Web Experience Toolkit (WET)</h1>
<div class="module-note span-6">
<h2><span class="color-dark">Note:</span> Table Source Code Example</h2>
<p>Id/Headers attribute, colgroup element and col element was omited intentionally for clarity.</p>
</div>
<div class="clear"></div>
<p>The format used for this technique is similar to the WCAG 2.0 Techniques</p>
<h2>Technique Author</h2>
<p>Name: Pierre Dubois</p>
<!-- <p>Email: Pierre Dubois at ic dot gc dot ca</p> -->
<h2>Technique Information</h2>
<h3>Technology</h3>
<p>HTML and XHTML Techniques</p>
<h3>Guidelines Reference</h3>
<p>Success Criterion 1.3.1 (Info and Relationships)</p>
<h3>Technique Title</h3>
<p>Defining Key Cell in a Table<p>
<h3>Applicability</h3>
<p>Use for data tables when presence of a key information related to a row cell header.<p>
<h3>User Agent Issues</h3>
<p>Not Available<p>
<h3>Description of Technique</h3>
<p>The objective of this technique is to distinguish / separate a ID information from his header. This is only applicable to row defined in a table.</p>
<p><em>The ID information is defined to "Key Cell" term</em></p>
<p>A key cell is a data cell "td element" defined at the left side of a cell header "th element" for a givin row. When a key cell is present in a table, the column use as that meaning can not cross over with a cell header used to identify a row. However the group cell header used to define a row group can cross-over the key cell column.</p>
<p>A row can have multiple key cell but the key cell must have the same width (rowspan) and height (colspan).<p>
<h2>Examples</h2>
<p><em>The table sample was taken from the <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/html5/tabular-data.html#the-th-element" rel="external">HTML5 Draft Specification - 4.9.10 The th element</a>. Please note the original version was altered about the context of each example.</em></p>
<h3>A Simple Table With Key Cell</h3>
<table class="wet-boew-zebra">
<tr>
<th>ID</th>
<th>Measurement</th>
<th>Average</th>
<th>Maximum</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>93</td>
<th>Legs</th>
<td>3.5</td>
<td>4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>10</td>
<th>Tails</th>
<td>1</td>
<td>1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>32</td>
<th>Legs</th>
<td>2.67</td>
<td>4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>35</td>
<th>Tails</th>
<td>0.33</td>
<td>1</td>
</tr>
</table>
<details>
<summary>Table Source Code</summary>
<pre><code><table>
<tr>
<th>ID</th>
<th>Measurement</th>
<th>Average</th>
<th>Maximum</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>93</td>
<th>Legs</th>
<td>3.5</td>
<td>4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>10</td>
<th>Tails</th>
<td>1</td>
<td>1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>32</td>
<th>Legs</th>
<td>2.67</td>
<td>4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>35</td>
<th>Tails</th>
<td>0.33</td>
<td>1</td>
</tr>
</table></code></pre>
</details>
<h3>A Row Grouped Table With Key Cell</h3>
<table class="wet-boew-zebra hassum">
<thead>
<tr>
<th>ID</th>
<th>Measurement</th>
<th>Average</th>
<th>Maximum</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<th colspan="4">Cats</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>93</td>
<th>Legs</th>
<td>3.5</td>
<td>4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>10</td>
<th>Tails</th>
<td>1</td>
<td>1</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr>
<th colspan="4">English speakers</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>32</td>
<th>Legs</th>
<td>2.67</td>
<td>4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>35</td>
<th>Tails</th>
<td>0.33</td>
<td>1</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<details>
<summary>Table Source Code</summary>
<pre><code><table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>ID</th>
<th>Measurement</th>
<th>Average</th>
<th>Maximum</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<th colspan="4">Cats</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>93</td>
<th>Legs</th>
<td>3.5</td>
<td>4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>10</td>
<th>Tails</th>
<td>1</td>
<td>1</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr>
<th colspan="4">English speakers</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>32</td>
<th>Legs</th>
<td>2.67</td>
<td>4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>35</td>
<th>Tails</th>
<td>0.33</td>
<td>1</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table></code></pre>
</details>
<h3>Multiple Key cell per Row</h3>
<!-- FYI: id/headers was auto defined with the table validator "validator-htmltable.html"
Here is the same source code but without any header/id
<table>
<tr>
<th colspan="2">ID</th>
<th colspan="2">Measurement</th>
<th>Average</th>
<th>Maximum</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td rowspan="2">Group A</td>
<td>93</td>
<th rowspan="2">Cats</th>
<th>Legs</th>
<td>3.5</td>
<td>4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>10</td>
<th>Tails</th>
<td>1</td>
<td>1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td rowspan="2">Group B</td>
<td>32</td>
<th rowspan="2">English speakers</th>
<th>Legs</th>
<td>2.67</td>
<td>4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>35</td>
<th>Tails</th>
<td>0.33</td>
<td>1</td>
</tr>
</table>
-->
<table class="wet-boew-zebra">
<tr>
<th id="tbl6" colspan="2">ID</th>
<th id="tbl7" colspan="2">Measurement</th>
<th id="tbl8">Average</th>
<th id="tbl9">Maximum</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td headers="tbl6" aria-describedby="tbl14" rowspan="2">Group A</td>
<td headers="tbl6" aria-describedby="tbl16">93</td>
<th headers="tbl7" id="tbl14" rowspan="2">Cats</th>
<th headers="tbl7 tbl14" id="tbl16">Legs</th>
<td headers="tbl8 tbl14 tbl16">3.5</td>
<td headers="tbl9 tbl14 tbl16">4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td headers="tbl6" aria-describedby="tbl32">10</td>
<th headers="tbl7 tbl14" id="tbl32">Tails</th>
<td headers="tbl8 tbl14 tbl32">1</td>
<td headers="tbl9 tbl14 tbl32">1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td headers="tbl6" aria-describedby="tbl40" rowspan="2">Group B</td>
<td headers="tbl6" aria-describedby="tbl42">32</td>
<th headers="tbl7" id="tbl40" rowspan="2">English speakers</th>
<th headers="tbl7 tbl40" id="tbl42">Legs</th>
<td headers="tbl8 tbl40 tbl42">2.67</td>
<td headers="tbl9 tbl40 tbl42">4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td headers="tbl6" aria-describedby="tbl50">35</td>
<th headers="tbl7 tbl40" id="tbl50">Tails</th>
<td headers="tbl8 tbl40 tbl50">0.33</td>
<td headers="tbl9 tbl40 tbl50">1</td>
</tr>
</table>
<details>
<summary>Table Source Code</summary>
<pre><code><table>
<tr>
<th colspan="2">ID</th>
<th colspan="2">Measurement</th>
<th>Average</th>
<th>Maximum</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td rowspan="2">Group A</td>
<td>93</td>
<th rowspan="2">Cats</th>
<th>Legs</th>
<td>3.5</td>
<td>4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>10</td>
<th>Tails</th>
<td>1</td>
<td>1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td rowspan="2">Group B</td>
<td>32</td>
<th rowspan="2">English speakers</th>
<th>Legs</th>
<td>2.67</td>
<td>4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>35</td>
<th>Tails</th>
<td>0.33</td>
<td>1</td>
</tr>
</table></code></pre>
</details>
<h3>Multiple Key Cell per Row with cell heading between</h3>
<!-- FYI: id/headers was auto defined with the table validator "validator-htmltable.html"
Here is the same source code but without any header/id
<table>
<tr>
<th colspan="2">Group</th>
<th colspan="2">Measurement</th>
<th>Average</th>
<th>Maximum</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td rowspan="2">Group A</td>
<th rowspan="2">Cats</th>
<td>93</td>
<th>Legs</th>
<td>3.5</td>
<td>4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>10</td>
<th>Tails</th>
<td>1</td>
<td>1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td rowspan="2">Group B</td>
<th rowspan="2">English speakers</th>
<td>32</td>
<th>Legs</th>
<td>2.67</td>
<td>4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>35</td>
<th>Tails</th>
<td>0.33</td>
<td>1</td>
</tr>
</table>
-->
<table class="wet-boew-zebra">
<tr>
<th id="tblz6" colspan="2">Group</th>
<th id="tblz7" colspan="2">Measurement</th>
<th id="tblz8">Average</th>
<th id="tblz9">Maximum</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td headers="tblz6" aria-describedby="tblz13" rowspan="2">Group A</td>
<th headers="tblz6" id="tblz13" rowspan="2">Cats</th>
<td headers="tblz7" aria-describedby="tblz17">93</td>
<th headers="tblz7 tblz13" id="tblz17">Legs</th>
<td headers="tblz8 tblz13 tblz17">3.5</td>
<td headers="tblz9 tblz13 tblz17">4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td headers="tblz7" aria-describedby="tblz35">10</td>
<th headers="tblz7 tblz13" id="tblz35">Tails</th>
<td headers="tblz8 tblz13 tblz35">1</td>
<td headers="tblz9 tblz13 tblz35">1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td headers="tblz6" aria-describedby="tblz43" rowspan="2">Group B</td>
<th headers="tblz6" id="tblz43" rowspan="2">English speakers</th>
<td headers="tblz7" aria-describedby="tblz47">32</td>
<th headers="tblz7 tblz43" id="tblz47">Legs</th>
<td headers="tblz8 tblz43 tblz47">2.67</td>
<td headers="tblz9 tblz43 tblz47">4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td headers="tblz7" aria-describedby="tblz57">35</td>
<th headers="tblz7 tblz43" id="tblz57">Tails</th>
<td headers="tblz8 tblz43 tblz57">0.33</td>
<td headers="tblz9 tblz43 tblz57">1</td>
</tr>
</table>
<details>
<summary>Table Source Code</summary>
<pre><code><table>
<tr>
<th colspan="2">Group</th>
<th colspan="2">Measurement</th>
<th>Average</th>
<th>Maximum</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td rowspan="2">Group A</td>
<th rowspan="2">Cats</th>
<td>93</td>
<th>Legs</th>
<td>3.5</td>
<td>4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>10</td>
<th>Tails</th>
<td>1</td>
<td>1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td rowspan="2">Group B</td>
<th rowspan="2">English speakers</th>
<td>32</td>
<th>Legs</th>
<td>2.67</td>
<td>4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>35</td>
<th>Tails</th>
<td>0.33</td>
<td>1</td>
</tr>
</table></code></pre>
</details>
<h2>Resources</h2>
<ul>
<li><a href="validator-htmltable.html">HTML Table Validator</a> <em>(With ids/headers/aria-describedby auto assignation)</em></li>
<li><a href="About-the-Table-Usability-Concept.html">About the Table Usability Concept</a></li>
<li><a href="ExtendedDefinition.html">Extended definition of HTML5 table elements</a></li>
<li><a href="index-eng.html">All the resources</a></li>
</ul>
<h2>Related Techniques</h2>
<ul>
<li><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/WCAG20-TECHS/H51" rel="external">H51: Using table markup to present tabular information</a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/WCAG20-TECHS/H39" rel="external">H39: Using caption elements to associate data table captions with data tables</a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/WCAG20-TECHS/H73" rel="external">H73: Using the summary attribute of the table element to give an overview of data tables</a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/WCAG20-TECHS/H63" rel="external">H63: Using the scope attribute to associate header cells and data cells in data tables</a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/WCAG20-TECHS/H43" rel="external">H43: Using id and headers attributes to associate data cells with header cells in data tables</a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/WCAG20-TECHS/H79" rel="external">H79: Identifying the purpose of a link using link text combined with its enclosing table cell and associated table headings</a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/WCAG20-TECHS/F34" rel="external">F34: Failure of Success Criterion 1.3.1 and 1.3.2 due to using white space characters to format tables in plain text content</a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/WCAG20-TECHS/F49" rel="external">F49: Failure of Success Criterion 1.3.2 due to using an HTML layout table that does not make sense when linearized</a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/WCAG20-TECHS/F46" rel="external">F46: Failure of Success Criterion 1.3.1 due to using th elements, caption elements, or non-empty summary attributes in layout tables</a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/WCAG20-TECHS/G57" rel="external">G57: Ordering the content in a meaningful sequence</a></li>
</ul>
<h2>Test</h2>
<h3>Procedure</h3>
<ol>
<li>Check for layout tables: determine whether the content has a relationship with other content in both its column and its row. If "no," the table is a layout table. If "yes," the table is a data table.</li>
<li>For data tables, check any row, except the row defined in the "thead" row group, where a data cell exist at the left of an cell heading ("th"
<ol>
<li>Check if the data cell contain key information</li>
<li>Check if the key cell have the same dimension of the cell heading associated to<li>
<li>Check if the key cell is positioned at left side of the proper cell heading<li>
<li>Check if the cell heading contain key information</li>
</ol>
</li>
</ol>
<h3>Expected Result</h3>
<ul>
<li>If table is a data table with key cell, #2.a, #2.b, #2.c are true and #2.d is false</li>
</ul>
<h3>Test File 1</h3>
<p>This Test File 1 fail this technique</p>
<table>
<tr>
<th>Measurement</th>
<th>Average</th>
<th>Maximum</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th>93 - Legs</th>
<td>3.5</td>
<td>4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th>10 - Tails</th>
<td>1</td>
<td>1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th>32 - Legs</th>
<td>2.67</td>
<td>4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th>35 - Tails</th>
<td>0.33</td>
<td>1</td>
</tr>
</table>
<details>
<summary>Table Source Code</summary>
<pre><code><table>
<tr>
<th>Measurement</th>
<th>Average</th>
<th>Maximum</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th>93 - Legs</th>
<td>3.5</td>
<td>4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th>10 - Tails</th>
<td>1</td>
<td>1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th>32 - Legs</th>
<td>2.67</td>
<td>4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th>35 - Tails</th>
<td>0.33</td>
<td>1</td>
</tr>
</table></code></pre>
</details>
<h3>Test File 2</h3>
<p>This Test File 2 fail this technique</p>
<table>
<tr>
<th>ID</th>
<th>Measurement</th>
<th>Average</th>
<th>Maximum</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td rowspan="2">Group A</td>
<th>Legs</th>
<td>3.5</td>
<td>4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th>Tails</th>
<td>1</td>
<td>1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td rowspan="2">Group B</td>
<th>Legs</th>
<td>2.67</td>
<td>4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th>Tails</th>
<td>0.33</td>
<td>1</td>
</tr>
</table>
<details>
<summary>Table Source Code</summary>
<pre><code><table>
<tr>
<th>ID</th>
<th>Measurement</th>
<th>Average</th>
<th>Maximum</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td rowspan="2">Group A</td>
<th>Legs</th>
<td>3.5</td>
<td>4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th>Tails</th>
<td>1</td>
<td>1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td rowspan="2">Group B</td>
<th>Legs</th>
<td>2.67</td>
<td>4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th>Tails</th>
<td>0.33</td>
<td>1</td>
</tr>
</table></code></pre>
</details>
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