Hash Trie - Immutable data structure - for use in ObjC
Resources https://github.com/chaelim/HAMT/blob/master/Src/HashTrie.h
http://www.altdevblogaday.com/2011/03/22/ideal-hash-tries-an-implementation-in-c/
http://infoscience.epfl.ch/record/166908/files/ctries-techreport.pdf
https://github.com/clojure/clojure/blob/master/src/jvm/clojure/lang/PersistentHashMap.java
[Stratified B-trees and versioning dictionaries] (http://arxiv.org/abs/1103.4282)
Optimizing Hash-Array Mapped Tries for Fast and Lean Immutable JVM Collections