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traps.c
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traps.c
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/*
* Copyright (C) 1991, 1992 Linus Torvalds
* Copyright (C) 2000, 2001, 2002 Andi Kleen, SuSE Labs
*
* Pentium III FXSR, SSE support
* Gareth Hughes <gareth@valinux.com>, May 2000
*/
/*
* Handle hardware traps and faults.
*/
#define pr_fmt(fmt) KBUILD_MODNAME ": " fmt
#include <linux/context_tracking.h>
#include <linux/interrupt.h>
#include <linux/kallsyms.h>
#include <linux/spinlock.h>
#include <linux/kprobes.h>
#include <linux/uaccess.h>
#include <linux/kdebug.h>
#include <linux/kgdb.h>
#include <linux/kernel.h>
#include <linux/export.h>
#include <linux/ptrace.h>
#include <linux/uprobes.h>
#include <linux/string.h>
#include <linux/delay.h>
#include <linux/errno.h>
#include <linux/kexec.h>
#include <linux/sched.h>
#include <linux/sched/task_stack.h>
#include <linux/timer.h>
#include <linux/init.h>
#include <linux/bug.h>
#include <linux/nmi.h>
#include <linux/mm.h>
#include <linux/smp.h>
#include <linux/io.h>
#include <linux/hardirq.h>
#include <linux/atomic.h>
#include <asm/stacktrace.h>
#include <asm/processor.h>
#include <asm/debugreg.h>
#include <asm/realmode.h>
#include <asm/text-patching.h>
#include <asm/ftrace.h>
#include <asm/traps.h>
#include <asm/desc.h>
#include <asm/fpu/internal.h>
#include <asm/cpu.h>
#include <asm/cpu_entry_area.h>
#include <asm/mce.h>
#include <asm/fixmap.h>
#include <asm/mach_traps.h>
#include <asm/alternative.h>
#include <asm/fpu/xstate.h>
#include <asm/vm86.h>
#include <asm/umip.h>
#include <asm/insn.h>
#include <asm/insn-eval.h>
#include <asm/vdso.h>
#ifdef CONFIG_X86_64
#include <asm/x86_init.h>
#include <asm/proto.h>
#else
#include <asm/processor-flags.h>
#include <asm/setup.h>
#include <asm/proto.h>
#endif
DECLARE_BITMAP(system_vectors, NR_VECTORS);
static inline void cond_local_irq_enable(struct pt_regs *regs)
{
if (regs->flags & X86_EFLAGS_IF)
local_irq_enable();
}
static inline void cond_local_irq_disable(struct pt_regs *regs)
{
if (regs->flags & X86_EFLAGS_IF)
local_irq_disable();
}
__always_inline int is_valid_bugaddr(unsigned long addr)
{
if (addr < TASK_SIZE_MAX)
return 0;
/*
* We got #UD, if the text isn't readable we'd have gotten
* a different exception.
*/
return *(unsigned short *)addr == INSN_UD2;
}
static nokprobe_inline int
do_trap_no_signal(struct task_struct *tsk, int trapnr, const char *str,
struct pt_regs *regs, long error_code)
{
if (v8086_mode(regs)) {
/*
* Traps 0, 1, 3, 4, and 5 should be forwarded to vm86.
* On nmi (interrupt 2), do_trap should not be called.
*/
if (trapnr < X86_TRAP_UD) {
if (!handle_vm86_trap((struct kernel_vm86_regs *) regs,
error_code, trapnr))
return 0;
}
} else if (!user_mode(regs)) {
if (fixup_exception(regs, trapnr, error_code, 0))
return 0;
tsk->thread.error_code = error_code;
tsk->thread.trap_nr = trapnr;
die(str, regs, error_code);
} else {
if (fixup_vdso_exception(regs, trapnr, error_code, 0))
return 0;
}
/*
* We want error_code and trap_nr set for userspace faults and
* kernelspace faults which result in die(), but not
* kernelspace faults which are fixed up. die() gives the
* process no chance to handle the signal and notice the
* kernel fault information, so that won't result in polluting
* the information about previously queued, but not yet
* delivered, faults. See also exc_general_protection below.
*/
tsk->thread.error_code = error_code;
tsk->thread.trap_nr = trapnr;
return -1;
}
static void show_signal(struct task_struct *tsk, int signr,
const char *type, const char *desc,
struct pt_regs *regs, long error_code)
{
if (show_unhandled_signals && unhandled_signal(tsk, signr) &&
printk_ratelimit()) {
pr_info("%s[%d] %s%s ip:%lx sp:%lx error:%lx",
tsk->comm, task_pid_nr(tsk), type, desc,
regs->ip, regs->sp, error_code);
print_vma_addr(KERN_CONT " in ", regs->ip);
pr_cont("\n");
}
}
static void
do_trap(int trapnr, int signr, char *str, struct pt_regs *regs,
long error_code, int sicode, void __user *addr)
{
struct task_struct *tsk = current;
if (!do_trap_no_signal(tsk, trapnr, str, regs, error_code))
return;
show_signal(tsk, signr, "trap ", str, regs, error_code);
if (!sicode)
force_sig(signr);
else
force_sig_fault(signr, sicode, addr);
}
NOKPROBE_SYMBOL(do_trap);
static void do_error_trap(struct pt_regs *regs, long error_code, char *str,
unsigned long trapnr, int signr, int sicode, void __user *addr)
{
RCU_LOCKDEP_WARN(!rcu_is_watching(), "entry code didn't wake RCU");
if (notify_die(DIE_TRAP, str, regs, error_code, trapnr, signr) !=
NOTIFY_STOP) {
cond_local_irq_enable(regs);
do_trap(trapnr, signr, str, regs, error_code, sicode, addr);
cond_local_irq_disable(regs);
}
}
/*
* Posix requires to provide the address of the faulting instruction for
* SIGILL (#UD) and SIGFPE (#DE) in the si_addr member of siginfo_t.
*
* This address is usually regs->ip, but when an uprobe moved the code out
* of line then regs->ip points to the XOL code which would confuse
* anything which analyzes the fault address vs. the unmodified binary. If
* a trap happened in XOL code then uprobe maps regs->ip back to the
* original instruction address.
*/
static __always_inline void __user *error_get_trap_addr(struct pt_regs *regs)
{
return (void __user *)uprobe_get_trap_addr(regs);
}
DEFINE_IDTENTRY(exc_divide_error)
{
do_error_trap(regs, 0, "divide error", X86_TRAP_DE, SIGFPE,
FPE_INTDIV, error_get_trap_addr(regs));
}
DEFINE_IDTENTRY(exc_overflow)
{
do_error_trap(regs, 0, "overflow", X86_TRAP_OF, SIGSEGV, 0, NULL);
}
#ifdef CONFIG_X86_F00F_BUG
void handle_invalid_op(struct pt_regs *regs)
#else
static inline void handle_invalid_op(struct pt_regs *regs)
#endif
{
do_error_trap(regs, 0, "invalid opcode", X86_TRAP_UD, SIGILL,
ILL_ILLOPN, error_get_trap_addr(regs));
}
static noinstr bool handle_bug(struct pt_regs *regs)
{
bool handled = false;
if (!is_valid_bugaddr(regs->ip))
return handled;
/*
* All lies, just get the WARN/BUG out.
*/
instrumentation_begin();
/*
* Since we're emulating a CALL with exceptions, restore the interrupt
* state to what it was at the exception site.
*/
if (regs->flags & X86_EFLAGS_IF)
raw_local_irq_enable();
if (report_bug(regs->ip, regs) == BUG_TRAP_TYPE_WARN) {
regs->ip += LEN_UD2;
handled = true;
}
if (regs->flags & X86_EFLAGS_IF)
raw_local_irq_disable();
instrumentation_end();
return handled;
}
DEFINE_IDTENTRY_RAW(exc_invalid_op)
{
irqentry_state_t state;
/*
* We use UD2 as a short encoding for 'CALL __WARN', as such
* handle it before exception entry to avoid recursive WARN
* in case exception entry is the one triggering WARNs.
*/
if (!user_mode(regs) && handle_bug(regs))
return;
state = irqentry_enter(regs);
instrumentation_begin();
handle_invalid_op(regs);
instrumentation_end();
irqentry_exit(regs, state);
}
DEFINE_IDTENTRY(exc_coproc_segment_overrun)
{
do_error_trap(regs, 0, "coprocessor segment overrun",
X86_TRAP_OLD_MF, SIGFPE, 0, NULL);
}
DEFINE_IDTENTRY_ERRORCODE(exc_invalid_tss)
{
do_error_trap(regs, error_code, "invalid TSS", X86_TRAP_TS, SIGSEGV,
0, NULL);
}
DEFINE_IDTENTRY_ERRORCODE(exc_segment_not_present)
{
do_error_trap(regs, error_code, "segment not present", X86_TRAP_NP,
SIGBUS, 0, NULL);
}
DEFINE_IDTENTRY_ERRORCODE(exc_stack_segment)
{
do_error_trap(regs, error_code, "stack segment", X86_TRAP_SS, SIGBUS,
0, NULL);
}
DEFINE_IDTENTRY_ERRORCODE(exc_alignment_check)
{
char *str = "alignment check";
if (notify_die(DIE_TRAP, str, regs, error_code, X86_TRAP_AC, SIGBUS) == NOTIFY_STOP)
return;
if (!user_mode(regs))
die("Split lock detected\n", regs, error_code);
local_irq_enable();
if (handle_user_split_lock(regs, error_code))
goto out;
do_trap(X86_TRAP_AC, SIGBUS, "alignment check", regs,
error_code, BUS_ADRALN, NULL);
out:
local_irq_disable();
}
#ifdef CONFIG_VMAP_STACK
__visible void __noreturn handle_stack_overflow(struct pt_regs *regs,
unsigned long fault_address,
struct stack_info *info)
{
const char *name = stack_type_name(info->type);
printk(KERN_EMERG "BUG: %s stack guard page was hit at %p (stack is %p..%p)\n",
name, (void *)fault_address, info->begin, info->end);
die("stack guard page", regs, 0);
/* Be absolutely certain we don't return. */
panic("%s stack guard hit", name);
}
#endif
/*
* Runs on an IST stack for x86_64 and on a special task stack for x86_32.
*
* On x86_64, this is more or less a normal kernel entry. Notwithstanding the
* SDM's warnings about double faults being unrecoverable, returning works as
* expected. Presumably what the SDM actually means is that the CPU may get
* the register state wrong on entry, so returning could be a bad idea.
*
* Various CPU engineers have promised that double faults due to an IRET fault
* while the stack is read-only are, in fact, recoverable.
*
* On x86_32, this is entered through a task gate, and regs are synthesized
* from the TSS. Returning is, in principle, okay, but changes to regs will
* be lost. If, for some reason, we need to return to a context with modified
* regs, the shim code could be adjusted to synchronize the registers.
*
* The 32bit #DF shim provides CR2 already as an argument. On 64bit it needs
* to be read before doing anything else.
*/
DEFINE_IDTENTRY_DF(exc_double_fault)
{
static const char str[] = "double fault";
struct task_struct *tsk = current;
#ifdef CONFIG_VMAP_STACK
unsigned long address = read_cr2();
struct stack_info info;
#endif
#ifdef CONFIG_X86_ESPFIX64
extern unsigned char native_irq_return_iret[];
/*
* If IRET takes a non-IST fault on the espfix64 stack, then we
* end up promoting it to a doublefault. In that case, take
* advantage of the fact that we're not using the normal (TSS.sp0)
* stack right now. We can write a fake #GP(0) frame at TSS.sp0
* and then modify our own IRET frame so that, when we return,
* we land directly at the #GP(0) vector with the stack already
* set up according to its expectations.
*
* The net result is that our #GP handler will think that we
* entered from usermode with the bad user context.
*
* No need for nmi_enter() here because we don't use RCU.
*/
if (((long)regs->sp >> P4D_SHIFT) == ESPFIX_PGD_ENTRY &&
regs->cs == __KERNEL_CS &&
regs->ip == (unsigned long)native_irq_return_iret)
{
struct pt_regs *gpregs = (struct pt_regs *)this_cpu_read(cpu_tss_rw.x86_tss.sp0) - 1;
unsigned long *p = (unsigned long *)regs->sp;
/*
* regs->sp points to the failing IRET frame on the
* ESPFIX64 stack. Copy it to the entry stack. This fills
* in gpregs->ss through gpregs->ip.
*
*/
gpregs->ip = p[0];
gpregs->cs = p[1];
gpregs->flags = p[2];
gpregs->sp = p[3];
gpregs->ss = p[4];
gpregs->orig_ax = 0; /* Missing (lost) #GP error code */
/*
* Adjust our frame so that we return straight to the #GP
* vector with the expected RSP value. This is safe because
* we won't enable interrupts or schedule before we invoke
* general_protection, so nothing will clobber the stack
* frame we just set up.
*
* We will enter general_protection with kernel GSBASE,
* which is what the stub expects, given that the faulting
* RIP will be the IRET instruction.
*/
regs->ip = (unsigned long)asm_exc_general_protection;
regs->sp = (unsigned long)&gpregs->orig_ax;
return;
}
#endif
irqentry_nmi_enter(regs);
instrumentation_begin();
notify_die(DIE_TRAP, str, regs, error_code, X86_TRAP_DF, SIGSEGV);
tsk->thread.error_code = error_code;
tsk->thread.trap_nr = X86_TRAP_DF;
#ifdef CONFIG_VMAP_STACK
/*
* If we overflow the stack into a guard page, the CPU will fail
* to deliver #PF and will send #DF instead. Similarly, if we
* take any non-IST exception while too close to the bottom of
* the stack, the processor will get a page fault while
* delivering the exception and will generate a double fault.
*
* According to the SDM (footnote in 6.15 under "Interrupt 14 -
* Page-Fault Exception (#PF):
*
* Processors update CR2 whenever a page fault is detected. If a
* second page fault occurs while an earlier page fault is being
* delivered, the faulting linear address of the second fault will
* overwrite the contents of CR2 (replacing the previous
* address). These updates to CR2 occur even if the page fault
* results in a double fault or occurs during the delivery of a
* double fault.
*
* The logic below has a small possibility of incorrectly diagnosing
* some errors as stack overflows. For example, if the IDT or GDT
* gets corrupted such that #GP delivery fails due to a bad descriptor
* causing #GP and we hit this condition while CR2 coincidentally
* points to the stack guard page, we'll think we overflowed the
* stack. Given that we're going to panic one way or another
* if this happens, this isn't necessarily worth fixing.
*
* If necessary, we could improve the test by only diagnosing
* a stack overflow if the saved RSP points within 47 bytes of
* the bottom of the stack: if RSP == tsk_stack + 48 and we
* take an exception, the stack is already aligned and there
* will be enough room SS, RSP, RFLAGS, CS, RIP, and a
* possible error code, so a stack overflow would *not* double
* fault. With any less space left, exception delivery could
* fail, and, as a practical matter, we've overflowed the
* stack even if the actual trigger for the double fault was
* something else.
*/
if (get_stack_guard_info((void *)address, &info))
handle_stack_overflow(regs, address, &info);
#endif
pr_emerg("PANIC: double fault, error_code: 0x%lx\n", error_code);
die("double fault", regs, error_code);
panic("Machine halted.");
instrumentation_end();
}
DEFINE_IDTENTRY(exc_bounds)
{
if (notify_die(DIE_TRAP, "bounds", regs, 0,
X86_TRAP_BR, SIGSEGV) == NOTIFY_STOP)
return;
cond_local_irq_enable(regs);
if (!user_mode(regs))
die("bounds", regs, 0);
do_trap(X86_TRAP_BR, SIGSEGV, "bounds", regs, 0, 0, NULL);
cond_local_irq_disable(regs);
}
enum kernel_gp_hint {
GP_NO_HINT,
GP_NON_CANONICAL,
GP_CANONICAL
};
/*
* When an uncaught #GP occurs, try to determine the memory address accessed by
* the instruction and return that address to the caller. Also, try to figure
* out whether any part of the access to that address was non-canonical.
*/
static enum kernel_gp_hint get_kernel_gp_address(struct pt_regs *regs,
unsigned long *addr)
{
u8 insn_buf[MAX_INSN_SIZE];
struct insn insn;
int ret;
if (copy_from_kernel_nofault(insn_buf, (void *)regs->ip,
MAX_INSN_SIZE))
return GP_NO_HINT;
ret = insn_decode_kernel(&insn, insn_buf);
if (ret < 0)
return GP_NO_HINT;
*addr = (unsigned long)insn_get_addr_ref(&insn, regs);
if (*addr == -1UL)
return GP_NO_HINT;
#ifdef CONFIG_X86_64
/*
* Check that:
* - the operand is not in the kernel half
* - the last byte of the operand is not in the user canonical half
*/
if (*addr < ~__VIRTUAL_MASK &&
*addr + insn.opnd_bytes - 1 > __VIRTUAL_MASK)
return GP_NON_CANONICAL;
#endif
return GP_CANONICAL;
}
#define GPFSTR "general protection fault"
static bool fixup_iopl_exception(struct pt_regs *regs)
{
struct thread_struct *t = ¤t->thread;
unsigned char byte;
unsigned long ip;
if (!IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_X86_IOPL_IOPERM) || t->iopl_emul != 3)
return false;
if (insn_get_effective_ip(regs, &ip))
return false;
if (get_user(byte, (const char __user *)ip))
return false;
if (byte != 0xfa && byte != 0xfb)
return false;
if (!t->iopl_warn && printk_ratelimit()) {
pr_err("%s[%d] attempts to use CLI/STI, pretending it's a NOP, ip:%lx",
current->comm, task_pid_nr(current), ip);
print_vma_addr(KERN_CONT " in ", ip);
pr_cont("\n");
t->iopl_warn = 1;
}
regs->ip += 1;
return true;
}
DEFINE_IDTENTRY_ERRORCODE(exc_general_protection)
{
char desc[sizeof(GPFSTR) + 50 + 2*sizeof(unsigned long) + 1] = GPFSTR;
enum kernel_gp_hint hint = GP_NO_HINT;
struct task_struct *tsk;
unsigned long gp_addr;
int ret;
cond_local_irq_enable(regs);
if (static_cpu_has(X86_FEATURE_UMIP)) {
if (user_mode(regs) && fixup_umip_exception(regs))
goto exit;
}
if (v8086_mode(regs)) {
local_irq_enable();
handle_vm86_fault((struct kernel_vm86_regs *) regs, error_code);
local_irq_disable();
return;
}
tsk = current;
if (user_mode(regs)) {
if (fixup_iopl_exception(regs))
goto exit;
tsk->thread.error_code = error_code;
tsk->thread.trap_nr = X86_TRAP_GP;
if (fixup_vdso_exception(regs, X86_TRAP_GP, error_code, 0))
goto exit;
show_signal(tsk, SIGSEGV, "", desc, regs, error_code);
force_sig(SIGSEGV);
goto exit;
}
if (fixup_exception(regs, X86_TRAP_GP, error_code, 0))
goto exit;
tsk->thread.error_code = error_code;
tsk->thread.trap_nr = X86_TRAP_GP;
/*
* To be potentially processing a kprobe fault and to trust the result
* from kprobe_running(), we have to be non-preemptible.
*/
if (!preemptible() &&
kprobe_running() &&
kprobe_fault_handler(regs, X86_TRAP_GP))
goto exit;
ret = notify_die(DIE_GPF, desc, regs, error_code, X86_TRAP_GP, SIGSEGV);
if (ret == NOTIFY_STOP)
goto exit;
if (error_code)
snprintf(desc, sizeof(desc), "segment-related " GPFSTR);
else
hint = get_kernel_gp_address(regs, &gp_addr);
if (hint != GP_NO_HINT)
snprintf(desc, sizeof(desc), GPFSTR ", %s 0x%lx",
(hint == GP_NON_CANONICAL) ? "probably for non-canonical address"
: "maybe for address",
gp_addr);
/*
* KASAN is interested only in the non-canonical case, clear it
* otherwise.
*/
if (hint != GP_NON_CANONICAL)
gp_addr = 0;
die_addr(desc, regs, error_code, gp_addr);
exit:
cond_local_irq_disable(regs);
}
static bool do_int3(struct pt_regs *regs)
{
int res;
#ifdef CONFIG_KGDB_LOW_LEVEL_TRAP
if (kgdb_ll_trap(DIE_INT3, "int3", regs, 0, X86_TRAP_BP,
SIGTRAP) == NOTIFY_STOP)
return true;
#endif /* CONFIG_KGDB_LOW_LEVEL_TRAP */
#ifdef CONFIG_KPROBES
if (kprobe_int3_handler(regs))
return true;
#endif
res = notify_die(DIE_INT3, "int3", regs, 0, X86_TRAP_BP, SIGTRAP);
return res == NOTIFY_STOP;
}
static void do_int3_user(struct pt_regs *regs)
{
if (do_int3(regs))
return;
cond_local_irq_enable(regs);
do_trap(X86_TRAP_BP, SIGTRAP, "int3", regs, 0, 0, NULL);
cond_local_irq_disable(regs);
}
DEFINE_IDTENTRY_RAW(exc_int3)
{
/*
* poke_int3_handler() is completely self contained code; it does (and
* must) *NOT* call out to anything, lest it hits upon yet another
* INT3.
*/
if (poke_int3_handler(regs))
return;
/*
* irqentry_enter_from_user_mode() uses static_branch_{,un}likely()
* and therefore can trigger INT3, hence poke_int3_handler() must
* be done before. If the entry came from kernel mode, then use
* nmi_enter() because the INT3 could have been hit in any context
* including NMI.
*/
if (user_mode(regs)) {
irqentry_enter_from_user_mode(regs);
instrumentation_begin();
do_int3_user(regs);
instrumentation_end();
irqentry_exit_to_user_mode(regs);
} else {
irqentry_state_t irq_state = irqentry_nmi_enter(regs);
instrumentation_begin();
if (!do_int3(regs))
die("int3", regs, 0);
instrumentation_end();
irqentry_nmi_exit(regs, irq_state);
}
}
#ifdef CONFIG_X86_64
/*
* Help handler running on a per-cpu (IST or entry trampoline) stack
* to switch to the normal thread stack if the interrupted code was in
* user mode. The actual stack switch is done in entry_64.S
*/
asmlinkage __visible noinstr struct pt_regs *sync_regs(struct pt_regs *eregs)
{
struct pt_regs *regs = (struct pt_regs *)this_cpu_read(cpu_current_top_of_stack) - 1;
if (regs != eregs)
*regs = *eregs;
return regs;
}
#ifdef CONFIG_AMD_MEM_ENCRYPT
asmlinkage __visible noinstr struct pt_regs *vc_switch_off_ist(struct pt_regs *regs)
{
unsigned long sp, *stack;
struct stack_info info;
struct pt_regs *regs_ret;
/*
* In the SYSCALL entry path the RSP value comes from user-space - don't
* trust it and switch to the current kernel stack
*/
if (ip_within_syscall_gap(regs)) {
sp = this_cpu_read(cpu_current_top_of_stack);
goto sync;
}
/*
* From here on the RSP value is trusted. Now check whether entry
* happened from a safe stack. Not safe are the entry or unknown stacks,
* use the fall-back stack instead in this case.
*/
sp = regs->sp;
stack = (unsigned long *)sp;
if (!get_stack_info_noinstr(stack, current, &info) || info.type == STACK_TYPE_ENTRY ||
info.type >= STACK_TYPE_EXCEPTION_LAST)
sp = __this_cpu_ist_top_va(VC2);
sync:
/*
* Found a safe stack - switch to it as if the entry didn't happen via
* IST stack. The code below only copies pt_regs, the real switch happens
* in assembly code.
*/
sp = ALIGN_DOWN(sp, 8) - sizeof(*regs_ret);
regs_ret = (struct pt_regs *)sp;
*regs_ret = *regs;
return regs_ret;
}
#endif
struct bad_iret_stack {
void *error_entry_ret;
struct pt_regs regs;
};
asmlinkage __visible noinstr
struct bad_iret_stack *fixup_bad_iret(struct bad_iret_stack *s)
{
/*
* This is called from entry_64.S early in handling a fault
* caused by a bad iret to user mode. To handle the fault
* correctly, we want to move our stack frame to where it would
* be had we entered directly on the entry stack (rather than
* just below the IRET frame) and we want to pretend that the
* exception came from the IRET target.
*/
struct bad_iret_stack tmp, *new_stack =
(struct bad_iret_stack *)__this_cpu_read(cpu_tss_rw.x86_tss.sp0) - 1;
/* Copy the IRET target to the temporary storage. */
__memcpy(&tmp.regs.ip, (void *)s->regs.sp, 5*8);
/* Copy the remainder of the stack from the current stack. */
__memcpy(&tmp, s, offsetof(struct bad_iret_stack, regs.ip));
/* Update the entry stack */
__memcpy(new_stack, &tmp, sizeof(tmp));
BUG_ON(!user_mode(&new_stack->regs));
return new_stack;
}
#endif
static bool is_sysenter_singlestep(struct pt_regs *regs)
{
/*
* We don't try for precision here. If we're anywhere in the region of
* code that can be single-stepped in the SYSENTER entry path, then
* assume that this is a useless single-step trap due to SYSENTER
* being invoked with TF set. (We don't know in advance exactly
* which instructions will be hit because BTF could plausibly
* be set.)
*/
#ifdef CONFIG_X86_32
return (regs->ip - (unsigned long)__begin_SYSENTER_singlestep_region) <
(unsigned long)__end_SYSENTER_singlestep_region -
(unsigned long)__begin_SYSENTER_singlestep_region;
#elif defined(CONFIG_IA32_EMULATION)
return (regs->ip - (unsigned long)entry_SYSENTER_compat) <
(unsigned long)__end_entry_SYSENTER_compat -
(unsigned long)entry_SYSENTER_compat;
#else
return false;
#endif
}
static __always_inline unsigned long debug_read_clear_dr6(void)
{
unsigned long dr6;
/*
* The Intel SDM says:
*
* Certain debug exceptions may clear bits 0-3. The remaining
* contents of the DR6 register are never cleared by the
* processor. To avoid confusion in identifying debug
* exceptions, debug handlers should clear the register before
* returning to the interrupted task.
*
* Keep it simple: clear DR6 immediately.
*/
get_debugreg(dr6, 6);
set_debugreg(DR6_RESERVED, 6);
dr6 ^= DR6_RESERVED; /* Flip to positive polarity */
return dr6;
}
/*
* Our handling of the processor debug registers is non-trivial.
* We do not clear them on entry and exit from the kernel. Therefore
* it is possible to get a watchpoint trap here from inside the kernel.
* However, the code in ./ptrace.c has ensured that the user can
* only set watchpoints on userspace addresses. Therefore the in-kernel
* watchpoint trap can only occur in code which is reading/writing
* from user space. Such code must not hold kernel locks (since it
* can equally take a page fault), therefore it is safe to call
* force_sig_info even though that claims and releases locks.
*
* Code in ./signal.c ensures that the debug control register
* is restored before we deliver any signal, and therefore that
* user code runs with the correct debug control register even though
* we clear it here.
*
* Being careful here means that we don't have to be as careful in a
* lot of more complicated places (task switching can be a bit lazy
* about restoring all the debug state, and ptrace doesn't have to
* find every occurrence of the TF bit that could be saved away even
* by user code)
*
* May run on IST stack.
*/
static bool notify_debug(struct pt_regs *regs, unsigned long *dr6)
{
/*
* Notifiers will clear bits in @dr6 to indicate the event has been
* consumed - hw_breakpoint_handler(), single_stop_cont().
*
* Notifiers will set bits in @virtual_dr6 to indicate the desire
* for signals - ptrace_triggered(), kgdb_hw_overflow_handler().
*/
if (notify_die(DIE_DEBUG, "debug", regs, (long)dr6, 0, SIGTRAP) == NOTIFY_STOP)
return true;
return false;
}
static __always_inline void exc_debug_kernel(struct pt_regs *regs,
unsigned long dr6)
{
/*
* Disable breakpoints during exception handling; recursive exceptions
* are exceedingly 'fun'.
*
* Since this function is NOKPROBE, and that also applies to
* HW_BREAKPOINT_X, we can't hit a breakpoint before this (XXX except a
* HW_BREAKPOINT_W on our stack)
*
* Entry text is excluded for HW_BP_X and cpu_entry_area, which
* includes the entry stack is excluded for everything.
*/
unsigned long dr7 = local_db_save();
irqentry_state_t irq_state = irqentry_nmi_enter(regs);
instrumentation_begin();
/*
* If something gets miswired and we end up here for a user mode
* #DB, we will malfunction.
*/
WARN_ON_ONCE(user_mode(regs));
if (test_thread_flag(TIF_BLOCKSTEP)) {
/*
* The SDM says "The processor clears the BTF flag when it
* generates a debug exception." but PTRACE_BLOCKSTEP requested
* it for userspace, but we just took a kernel #DB, so re-set
* BTF.
*/
unsigned long debugctl;
rdmsrl(MSR_IA32_DEBUGCTLMSR, debugctl);
debugctl |= DEBUGCTLMSR_BTF;
wrmsrl(MSR_IA32_DEBUGCTLMSR, debugctl);
}
/*
* Catch SYSENTER with TF set and clear DR_STEP. If this hit a
* watchpoint at the same time then that will still be handled.
*/
if ((dr6 & DR_STEP) && is_sysenter_singlestep(regs))
dr6 &= ~DR_STEP;
/*
* The kernel doesn't use INT1
*/
if (!dr6)
goto out;
if (notify_debug(regs, &dr6))
goto out;
/*
* The kernel doesn't use TF single-step outside of:
*
* - Kprobes, consumed through kprobe_debug_handler()
* - KGDB, consumed through notify_debug()
*
* So if we get here with DR_STEP set, something is wonky.
*
* A known way to trigger this is through QEMU's GDB stub,
* which leaks #DB into the guest and causes IST recursion.
*/
if (WARN_ON_ONCE(dr6 & DR_STEP))
regs->flags &= ~X86_EFLAGS_TF;
out:
instrumentation_end();
irqentry_nmi_exit(regs, irq_state);
local_db_restore(dr7);
}
static __always_inline void exc_debug_user(struct pt_regs *regs,
unsigned long dr6)
{
bool icebp;
/*
* If something gets miswired and we end up here for a kernel mode
* #DB, we will malfunction.
*/
WARN_ON_ONCE(!user_mode(regs));
/*
* NB: We can't easily clear DR7 here because
* irqentry_exit_to_usermode() can invoke ptrace, schedule, access
* user memory, etc. This means that a recursive #DB is possible. If
* this happens, that #DB will hit exc_debug_kernel() and clear DR7.
* Since we're not on the IST stack right now, everything will be
* fine.
*/
irqentry_enter_from_user_mode(regs);
instrumentation_begin();
/*
* Start the virtual/ptrace DR6 value with just the DR_STEP mask
* of the real DR6. ptrace_triggered() will set the DR_TRAPn bits.
*
* Userspace expects DR_STEP to be visible in ptrace_get_debugreg(6)
* even if it is not the result of PTRACE_SINGLESTEP.
*/
current->thread.virtual_dr6 = (dr6 & DR_STEP);
/*
* The SDM says "The processor clears the BTF flag when it
* generates a debug exception." Clear TIF_BLOCKSTEP to keep
* TIF_BLOCKSTEP in sync with the hardware BTF flag.
*/
clear_thread_flag(TIF_BLOCKSTEP);
/*
* If dr6 has no reason to give us about the origin of this trap,
* then it's very likely the result of an icebp/int01 trap.
* User wants a sigtrap for that.
*/
icebp = !dr6;