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<!DOCTYPE html>
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<title>Data on the Web Best Practices: Dataset Usage Vocabulary</title>
<meta name="description" content="A vocabulary to describe how datasets are used by humans and machines as well as to describe consumer feedback">
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<section id="abstract">
<p>Datasets published on
the Web are accessed and experienced by consumers in a variety of ways,
but little information about these experiences is typically conveyed.
Dataset publishers many times lack feedback from consumers about how
datasets are used. Consumers lack an effective way to discuss
experiences with fellow collaborators and explore referencing material
citing the dataset. Datasets as defined by DCAT are a collection of
data, published or curated by a single agent, and available for access
or download in one or more formats. The Dataset Usage Vocabulary (DUV)
is used to describe consumer experiences, citations, and feedback about
the dataset from the human perspective. </p>
<p>By specifying a number of foundational concepts used to collect dataset
consumer feedback, experiences, and cite references associated with a
dataset, APIs can be written to support collaboration across the Web by
structurally publishing consumer opinions and experiences, and provide a
means for data consumers and producers advertise and search for
published open dataset usage. </p>
</section>
<section id="sotd">
<p>This is the third iteration of the vocabulary, developed following
extensive consultation among and outside the working group who now
regard it as nearing completion. Comment and feedback is sought before
the next iteration which is likely to be the final version for the
foreseeable future.</p>
</section>
<section id="intro" class="informative">
<h2> Introduction</h2>
<p>This vocabulary is meant to fill a niche that helps standardize the
way Web published dataset usage be conveyed and shared. At this time
there is no clear standard way to describe dataset usage on the Web.
Without a means to systematically describe dataset usage, searching and
conveying techniques are application specific and discovery and
collaboration across the Web is more difficult. This vocabulary also
recommends and requires data publishers to provide a mechanism of
receiving data usage information from data consumers in the form of
feedback, citation and data correction. </p>
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<section id="namespaces-1">
<h2> Namespaces</h2>
<p>The namespace for DUV is <code>http://www.w3.org/ns/duv#</code>.
However, it should be noted that DUV makes extensive use of terms from
other vocabularies. DUV itself defines a minimal set of
classes and properties of its own. A full set of namespaces and prefixes
used in this document is shown in the table below.</p>
<table id="namespaces">
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Prefix</th>
<th>Namespace</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>biro</td>
<td>http://purl.org/spar/biro/</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>cito</td>
<td>http://purl.org/spar/cito/</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>cnt</td>
<td>http://www.w3.org/2011/content#</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>dcat</td>
<td>http://www.w3.org/ns/dcat#</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>dct</td>
<td>http://purl.org/dc/terms/</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>dctype</td>
<td>http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>disco</td>
<td>http://rdf-vocabulary.ddialliance.org/discovery#</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>dqv</td>
<td>http://www.w3.org/ns/dqv#</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>duv</td>
<td>http://www.w3.org/ns/duv#</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>fabio</td>
<td>http://purl.org/spar/fabio/</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>foaf</td>
<td>http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>frbr</td>
<td>http://purl.org/vocab/frbr/core#</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>oa</td>
<td>http://www.w3.org/ns/oa#</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>pav</td>
<td>http://purl.org/pav</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>rdf</td>
<td>http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>rdfs</td>
<td>http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>skos</td>
<td>http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>vann</td>
<td>http://purl.org/vocab/vann/</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>xsd</td>
<td>http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</section>
<section id="audience">
<h2>Audience</h2>
<p>The <abbr title="Dataset Usage Vocabulary">DUV</abbr> is intended for
data producers and publishers interested in tracking, sharing, and
persisting consumer dataset usage. It is also intended for collaborators
who require an exchange medium to advertise and interactively convey
dataset usage. </p>
</section>
<section id="scope">
<h2>Scope</h2>
<p> The scope of the <abbr title="Dataset Usage Vocabulary">DUV</abbr>
is defined by the Data on the Web Best Practices (DWBP) Use Case
document [[DWBP-UCR]] based on the data usage requirements about
datasets. These requirements include: citing data on the Web, tracking
the usage of data, sharing feedback and rating data. These requirements
were derived from fourteen real world use cases examples provided in the
use case document. </p>
</section>
<section id="relationship_vocabularies">
<h2> Relationship to other Vocabularies</h2>
<p> The <abbr title="Dataset Usage Vocabulary">DUV</abbr> is a “glue”
vocabulary reusing and extending existing vocabulary classes and
properties to support citation, feedback, and usage. This section
provides our rationale and approach for vocabulary selection and reuse.</p>
<p> Core to the dataset usage vocabulary is the “dataset”. The DUV uses
the Data Catalog Vocabulary's dcat:Dataset class and all properties
associated with the class [[VOCAB-DCAT]]. From a data usage perspective
the DUV can be considered an extension of dcat:Dataset.</p>
<p>The Web Annotation Vocabulary [[OA]] is used to describe duv:Feedback
as a subclass inheriting the behavior of oa:Annotation. A crucial part
of the Web Annotation Model are “motivations” that describe the role of
particular Annotation. Each duv:Feedback must have at least one
oa:motivated_by property with a relationship to an instance of
oa:Motivation. A subset of the Motivation instances are important to
describe feedback to data publishers, and blogs between dataset
consumers. In addition to supporting duv:Feedback, because the Web
Annotation vocabulary provides a generic way of annotating any Web
resource, it is recommended that Web Annotation vocabulary be used to
annotate the dcat:Dataset for uses beyond the scope of the DUV. </p>
<p> The Semantic Publishing and Referencing [[SPAR]] Ontologies provides a
suite of vocabularies used to related entities to reference citations,
bibliographic records, and describe the publication process along with
other related activities. The DUV directly relies upon Citation Typing
Ontology [[CITO]], the FRBR-aligned Bibliographic Ontology [[FaBIO]],
and Dublin Core [[DC-TERMS]] vocabularies are used to describe citations
and references between datasets and cited sources. In addition to
ontologies the research community provided basic criteria for citing
data on the Web [[MSUDataCite]] [[EmoryUCite]]. These resources helped
scope the DUV citation model into the minimal requirements for
electronic data publication. Finally, data citation principles being
adopted [[FORCE11-Citation]] are also being considered to ensure the DUV
is consistent with guidelines developed by other data citation
communities.</p>
</section>
<section id="Vocab_Overview">
<h2>Vocabulary Overview</h2>
<p><em>This section is non-normative.</em></p>
<p>This section depicts the vocabulary as a conceptual model. Shaded
boxes are used to identify each class. Labeled open arrows identify
example properties between the classes. Unlabeled shaded arrows are used
to show inheritance with the parent class identified by the arrow head.</p>
<a href="images/DUV_model.png"><img src="images/DUV_model.png" style="width:100%" alt="The class diagram for DUV" /></a>
<section id="Citation_Model">
<h3>Citation Model</h3>
<p>The citation model was motivated by the UCR requirement <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/dwbp-ucr/#R-Citable">
R-Citable </a><em> It should be possible to cite data on the
Web.</em> The citation model is largely based on classes,
properties, and recommended approaches taken from the SPAR
Ontologies. The remainder of the model is composed from the Open
Annotation vocabulary, Dublin Core, FOAF and by newly introduced DUV
properties. </p>
<p>The citation model seeks to meet the needs of:</p>
<ol>
<li>Data publishers who need to provide basic bibliographic reference
criteria for dcat:Dataset and dcat:Distributions <a href="#ex1">(See
Example 1)</a>. To do this, DUV extensions are added to the
DCAT model. Classes include: dcat:Dataset,
dcat:Distribution, and foaf:Agent. Properties
include: dct:title, pav:version, dct:issued,
dct:created, dct:identifier, dct:creator, dct:publisher,
disco:fundedBy. </li>
<li>Data publishers wanting to annotate
dcat:Datasets/dcat:Distributions with bibliographic references that
provide data additional insights to data consumers <a href="#ex2">(See
Example 2)</a>. Classes include: dcat:Dataset,
dcat:Distribution, biro:BibliographicReference,
fabio:Expression. Properties include:
biro:BibliographicReference, frbr:part, frbr:partOf,
biro:references.</li>
<li>Data consumers who want to understand the rationale as to <span style="font-style: italic;">why</span>
a dcat:Dataset and dcat:Distribution is being cited <a href="#ex3">(See
Example 3)</a>. Classes include: fabio:Expression,
cito:CitationAct, oa:Annotation, oa:Motivation,
cnt:ContentAsText. Properties include:
cito:hasCitingEntity, cito:hasCitedEntity, cnt:chars, oa:hasTarget,
oa:hasBody.</li>
</ol>
<p>Note that while the DUV reuses a limited set of [[SPAR]] classes and
properties to support basic [[VOCAB-DCAT]] Dataset and Distribution citation
requirements, the [[SPAR]] ontologies a richer set of classes and
properties for more advanced representations. For example
[[FaBIO]] fabvio:Work class has many subclasses (e.g. fabio:Policy)
that help characterize referenced material. </p>
<ol>
</ol>
</section>
<section id="Usage_Model">
<h3>Usage Model</h3>
<p>The usage model was motivated by the UCR requirement <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/dwbp-ucr/#R-Citable">
R-TrackDataUsage </a> <em>It should be possible to track the
usage of data.</em> Sharing and tracking data usage can help
enhancing the utility of the datasets by providing help describing how
the datasets can be used by a consumer <a href="#ex5">(See Example
5)</a>. Usage could be considered as enabling <span style="font-style: italic;">descriptive</span>
information provided by the data publisher to help the consumer
community make use of datasets and distributions. Based on the
use cases, data usage can help provide guidance information about how
to use the dataset and tools <a href="#ex6">(See Example 6)</a> that
can be used with the dataset. As also stipulated by use cases
is the need to track usage metrics </p>
<p>The following classes constitute the Usage Model: dcat:Dataset,
dcat:Distribution, duv:Usage, duv:UsageTool, foaf:Agent. Properties
include: duv:hasUsage, duv:hasUsageType, duv:performedBy,
duv:performs, duv:refersTo, dct:uri, dct:title, dct:created,
pav:version, dct:issued, and dct:description. </p>
</section>
<section id="Feedback_Model">
<h3>Feedback Model</h3>
<p> The feedback model was motivated by UCR requirement <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/dwbp-ucr/#R-UsageFeedback">R-UsageFeedback</a><em>
Data consumers should have a way of sharing feedback and rating data
<a href="#ex4">(See Example 4)</a> . </em>User feedback is
important to address data quality concerns about published dataset.
Different users may have different experience with the same dataset so
it is important to capture the context in which data was used and the
profile of the user who uses it. R-UsageFeedback should also provide a
way for consumers to communicate suggested corrections or advice back
to data publisher. </p>
<p>The following classes constitute the Feedback Model: dcat:Dataset,
dcat:Distribution, oa:Annotation, oa:Motivation, duv:UserFeedback,
dqv:UserQualityFeedback, duv:RatingFeedback, cnt:ContentAsText.
Properties include: duv:hasRating, oa:hasTarget, oa:hasBody,
duv:hasFeedback, duv:hasFeedback, oa:motivatedBy,
cnt:chars. </p>
</section>
</section>
<div class="note">This section will be non-normative and will contain links
back to the vocabularies we mention. </div>
<section id="vocabulary-specification">
<h2> Vocabulary Specification </h2>
<section id="class-ratingfeedback">
<h3> Class: RatingFeedback</h3>
<table class="definition">
<thead>
<tr>
<th>RDF Class:</th>
<th><a href="#class-ratingfeedback">duv:RatingFeedback</a></th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td class="prop">Definition</td>
<td>Predefined criteria used to express a user opinion about a
dataset or distribution using a discrete range of values.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="prop">rdfs:isDefinedBy</td>
<td><a href="http://www.w3.org/ns/duv">http://www.w3.org/ns/duv</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Label</td>
<td>rating feedback</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>rdfs:subClassOf</td>
<td><a href="#class-userFeedback">duv:UserFeedback</a></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</section>
<section id="class-usage">
<h3>Class: Usage</h3>
<table class="definition">
<thead>
<tr>
<th>RDF Class:</th>
<th><a href="#class-usage">duv:Usage</a></th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td class="prop">Definition</td>
<td>A helpful description of actions that can be performed on a
given dataset or distribution.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="prop">rdfs:isDefinedBy</td>
<td><a href="http://www.w3.org/ns/duv">http://www.w3.org/ns/duv</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Label</td>
<td>usage</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</section>
<section id="class-usageTool">
<h3>Class: UsageTool</h3>
<table class="definition">
<thead>
<tr>
<th>RDF Class:</th>
<th><a href="#class-usageTool">duv:UsageTool</a></th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td class="prop">Definition</td>
<td>A synopsis describing the way a tool can use a dataset or
distribution.<br>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="prop">rdfs:isDefinedBy</td>
<td><a href="http://www.w3.org/ns/duv">http://www.w3.org/ns/duv</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Label</td>
<td>usage tool<br>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</section>
<section id="class-userFeedback">
<h3>Class: UserFeedback</h3>
<table class="definition">
<thead>
<tr>
<th>RDF Class:</th>
<th><a href="#class-userFeedback">duv:UserFeedback</a> </th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td class="prop">Definition</td>
<td>User feedback on the dataset. Expresses whether the dataset
was useful or not, for example.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Label</td>
<td>user feedback</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>rdfs:subClassOf</td>
<td> <a href="http://www.w3.org/ns/oa#d4e434">oa:Annotation</a></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</section>
<section id="Properties">
<h3>Properties</h3>
<h4 aria-level="3" id="Property:chars">Property: chars</h4>
<table class="definition">
<thead>
<tr>
<th>RDF Property:</th>
<th> <a href="#Property:chars">cnt:chars</a> </th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td class="prop">Definition</td>
<td>Text content of an annotation body.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>vann:usageNote</td>
<td>cnt:ContentAsText (subject) cnt:chars (predicate) rdfs:Literal
(object)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Label</td>
<td>chars</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h4 aria-level="3" id="Property:created">Property: created</h4>
<table class="definition">
<thead>
<tr>
<th>RDF Property:</th>
<th> <a href="#Property:created">dct:created</a> </th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td class="prop">Definition</td>
<td>The creation date associated with the dataset or distribution</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>vann:usageNote</td>
<td>dcat:Dataset (subject) dct:created (predicate) rdfs:Literal
(object)<br>
dcat:Distribution (subject) dct:created (predicate) rdfs:Literal
(object)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Label</td>
<td>created</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h4 aria-level="3" id="Property:creator"> Property: creator </h4>
<table class="definition">
<thead>
<tr>
<th>RDF Property:</th>
<th><a href="#Property:creator">dct:creator</a> </th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td class="prop">Definition</td>
<td>Author of the cited dataset/distribution</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>vann:usageNote</td>
<td>dcat:Dataset (subject) dct:creator (predicate) foaf:Agent
(object)<br>
dcat:Distribution (subject) dct:creator (predicate) foaf:Agent
(object)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Label</td>
<td>creator</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h4 aria-level="3" id="Property:description"> Property: description </h4>
<table class="definition">
<thead>
<tr>
<th>RDF Property:</th>
<th><a href="#Property:description">dct:description</a>
</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td class="prop">Definition</td>
<td>free-text usage account of the resource.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>vann:usageNote</td>
<td>duv:Usage (subject) dct:description (predicate) rdfs:Literal
(object)<br>
duv:UsageTool (subject) dct:description (predicate) rdfs:Literal
(object)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Label</td>
<td>description</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h4 aria-level="3" id="Property:fundedBy">Property: fundedBy</h4>
<table class="definition">
<thead>
<tr>
<th>RDF Property:</th>
<th><a href="http://rdf-vocabulary.ddialliance.org/discovery.html">disco:fundedBy</a> </th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td class="prop">Definition</td>
<td>Funding agent </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>vann:usageNote</td>
<td><br>
dcat:Dataset (subject) disco:fundedBy (predicate)
foaf:Agent (object)<br>
dcat:Distribution (subject) fundedBy (predicate) foaf:Agent
(object)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Label</td>
<td>funded by</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h4 id="Property:hasbody">Property: oa:hasBody</h4>
<table class="definition">
<thead>
<tr>
<th>RDF Property:</th>
<th><a href="#Property:hasbody">oa:hasBody</a></th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td class="prop">Definition</td>
<td>Body of the comment associated with either feedback or
associated with citation. </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>vann:usageNote</td>
<td>duv:UserFeedback (subject) oa:hasBody (predicate)
cnt:ContentAsText (object)<br>
oa:Annotation (subject) oa:hasBody (predicate) cnt:ContextAsText
(object)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Label</td>
<td>has body</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h4 aria-level="3" id="Property:hascitedentity">Property:
hasCitedEntity</h4>
<table class="definition">
<thead>
<tr>
<th>RDF Property:</th>
<th><a href="#Property:hascitedentity">cito:hasCitedEntity </a></th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td class="prop">Definition</td>
<td>The dataset, distribution, or citation of interest being
cited.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>vann:usageNote</td>
<td>cito:CitationAct (subject) cito:hasCitedEntity (predicate)
dcat:Dataset (object)<br>
cito:CitationAct (subject) cito:hasCitedEntity (predicate)
dcat:Distribution (object)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Label</td>
<td>has cited entity</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h4 aria-level="3" id="Property:hascitingentity">Property: hasCitingEntity</h4>
<table class="definition">
<thead>
<tr>
<th>RDF Property:</th>
<th><a href="#Property:hascitingentity">cito:hasCitingEntity</a></th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td class="prop">Definition</td>
<td>Citation that references a dataset or a distribution.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>vann:usageNote</td>
<td>cito:CitationAct (subject) cito:hasCitingEntity (predicate)
fabio:Expression (object)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Label</td>
<td>has citing entity</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h4 aria-level="3" id="Property:hasfeedback">Property: hasFeedback</h4>
<table class="definition">
<thead>
<tr>
<th>RDF Property:</th>
<th><a href="#Property:hasfeedback">duv:hasFeedback</a></th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td class="prop">Definition</td>
<td>User feedback associated with dataset or distribution</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>vann:usageNote</td>
<td>dcat:Dataset (subject) duv:hasFeedback (predicate)
duv:UserFeedback (object)<br>
dcat:Distribution (subject) duv:hasFeedback (predicate)
duv:UserFeedback (object) </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Label</td>
<td>has dataset/distribution feedback</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h4 id="Property:hasDistributor" aria-level="3">Property: hasDistributor</h4>
<table class="definition">
<thead>
<tr>
<th>RDF Property:</th>
<th><a href="#Property:hasDistributor">duv:hasDistributor</a> </th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td class="prop">Definition</td>
<td>The distributor is the organization that makes the
dataset available for downloading and use. </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>vann:usageNote</td>
<td>dcat:Dataset (subject) duv:hasDistributor (predicate)
foaf:Agent (object)<br>
dcat:Distribution (subject) duv:hasDistributor (predicate)
foaf:Agent (object) </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Label</td>
<td>has distributor</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h4 id="Property:hasproducer" aria-level="3">Property: hasProducer</h4>
<table class="definition">
<thead>
<tr>
<th>RDF Property:</th>
<th><a href="#Property:hasproducer">duv:hasProducer</a> </th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td class="prop">Definition</td>
<td>The producer is the organization that sponsored the
author’s research and/or the organization that made the creation
of the dataset possible, such as codifying and digitizing the
data. </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>vann:usageNote</td>
<td>dcat:Dataset (subject) duv:hasProducer (predicate) foaf:Agent
(object)<br>
dcat:Distribution (subject) duv:hasProducer (predicate)
foaf:Agent (object)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Label</td>
<td>has producer</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h4 id="Property:hasrating" aria-level="3">Property: hasRating</h4>
<table class="definition">
<thead>
<tr>
<th>RDF Property:</th>
<th><a href="#Property:hasrating">duv:hasRating</a></th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td class="prop">Definition</td>
<td>RatingFeedback has rating opinion</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>vann:usageNote</td>
<td>duv:RatingFeedback (subject) duv:hasRating (predicate)
skos:Concept (object)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Label</td>
<td>has rating</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h4 id="Property:hastarget" aria-level="3">Property: oa:hasTarget</h4>
<table class="definition">
<thead>
<tr>
<th>RDF Property:</th>
<th><a href="#Property:hastarget">oa:hasTarget</a></th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td class="prop">Definition</td>
<td>Dataset or distribution associated with UserFeedback. </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>vann:usageNote</td>
<td>duv:UserFeedback (subject) oa:hasTarget (predicate)
dcat:Dataset (object)<br>
duv:UserFeedback (subject) oa:hasTarget (predicate)
dcat:Distribution (object)<br>
oa:Annotation (subject) oa:hasTarget (predicate)
cito:CitationAct (object)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Label</td>
<td>has target</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<br>
<h4 aria-level="3" id="Property:hasusage">Property: hasUsage</h4>
<table class="definition">
<thead>
<tr>
<th>RDF Property:</th>
<th><a href="#Property:hasusage">duv:hasUsage</a></th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td class="prop">Definition</td>
<td>Dataset/distribution usage guidance or instructions. </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>vann:usageNote</td>
<td>dcat:Dataset (subject) oa:hasUsage(predicate) duv:Usage
(object)<br>
dcat:Distribution (subject) oa:hasUsage (predicate)
duv:Usage (object)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Label</td>
<td>has dataset/distribution usage</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h4 id="Property:hasusagetool" aria-level="3">Property: hasUsageTool </h4>
<table class="definition">
<thead>
<tr>