Merge pull request #31 from shazeline/spelling-fixes

Fix typos across all pages.

__slots__magic.rst

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ bottleneck. The ``dict`` wastes a lot of RAM. Python can’t just allocate
 a static amount of memory at object creation to store all the
 attributes. Therefore it sucks a lot of RAM if you create a lot of
 objects (I am talking in thousands and millions). Still there is a way
-to circumvent this issue. It involves the useage of ``__slots__`` to
+to circumvent this issue. It involves the usage of ``__slots__`` to
 tell Python not to use a dict, and only allocate space for a fixed set
 of attributes. Here is an example with and without ``__slots__``:
 

classes.rst

@@ -160,7 +160,7 @@ its ``__init__`` method is called. For example:
 
 You can see that ``__init__`` is called immediately after an instance is
 created. You can also pass arguments to the class during it's
-innitialization. Like this:
+initialization. Like this:
 
 .. code:: python
 

collections.rst

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ Collections
 
 Python ships with a module that contains a number of container data
 types called Collections. We will talk about a few of them and discuss
-their usefullness.
+their usefulness.
 
 The ones which we will talk about are:
 
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ not. So we can do:
     # })
 
 One another very important use case is when you are appending to nested
-ists inside a dictionary. If a ``key`` is not already present in the
+lists inside a dictionary. If a ``key`` is not already present in the
 dictionary then you are greeted with a ``KeyError``. ``defaultdict``
 allows us to circumvent this issue in a clever way. First let me share
 an example using ``dict`` which raises ``KeyError`` and then I will
@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ sample code:
 2.\ ``counter``
 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
 
-Counter allows us to count the occurances of a particular item. For
+Counter allows us to count the occurrences of a particular item. For
 instance it can be used to count the number of individual favourite
 colours:
 
@@ -231,7 +231,7 @@ immutable.
     # Output: 'perry'
 
 As you can see that now we can access members of a tuple just by their
-name using a ``.``. Let's disect it a little more. A named tuple has two
+name using a ``.``. Let's dissect it a little more. A named tuple has two
 required arguments. They are the tuple name and the tuple field\_names.
 In the above example our tuple name was 'Animal' and the tuple
 field\_names were 'name', 'age' and 'cat'. Namedtuple makes your tuples

context_managers.rst

@@ -162,7 +162,7 @@ generators, yield and decorators. In this example we have not caught any
 exceptions which might occur. It works in mostly the same way as the
 previous method.
 
-Let's disect this method a little.
+Let's dissect this method a little.
 
 1. Python encounters the ``yield`` keyword. Due to this it creates a
    generator instead of a normal function.

debugging.rst

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ Debugging
 ---------
 
 Debugging is also something which once mastered can greatly enhance your
-bug hunting skills. Most of the newcommers neglect the importance of the
+bug hunting skills. Most of the newcomers neglect the importance of the
 Python debugger (``pdb``). In this section I am going to tell you only a
 few important commands. You can learn more about it from the official
 documentation.

decorators.rst

@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ other functions:
 
     # This shows that whenever you call hi(), greet() and welcome()
     # are also called. However the greet() and welcome() functions
-    # are not available outsite the hi() function e.g:
+    # are not available outside the hi() function e.g:
 
     greet()
     #outputs: NameError: name 'greet' is not defined

enumerate.rst

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ Enumerate
 ---------
 
 Enumerate is a built-in function of Python. It's usefulness can not be
-summarized in a single line. Yet most of the newcommers and even some
+summarized in a single line. Yet most of the newcomers and even some
 advanced programmers are unaware of it. It allows us to loop over
 something and have an automatic counter. Here is an example:
 

exceptions.rst

@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ Here is a simple example:
     try:
         file = open('test.txt', 'rb')
     except IOError as e:
-        print('An IOError occured. {}'.format(e.args[-1]))
+        print('An IOError occurred. {}'.format(e.args[-1]))
 
 In the above example we are handling only the IOError exception. What
 most beginners do not know is that we can handle multiple exceptions.
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ tuple. Like so:
     try:
         file = open('test.txt', 'rb')
     except (IOError, EOFError) as e:
-        print("An error occured. {}".format(e.args[-1]))
+        print("An error occurred. {}".format(e.args[-1]))
 
 Another method is to handle individual exception in a separate except
 block. We can have as many except blocks as we want. Here is an example:
@@ -42,10 +42,10 @@ block. We can have as many except blocks as we want. Here is an example:
     try:
         file = open('test.txt', 'rb')
     except EOFError as e:
-        print("An EOF error occured.")
+        print("An EOF error occurred.")
         raise e
     except IOError as e:
-        print("An error occured.")
+        print("An error occurred.")
         raise e
 
 This way if the exception is not handled by the first except block then
@@ -78,11 +78,11 @@ for cleaning up after a script. Here is a simple example:
     try:
         file = open('test.txt', 'rb')
     except IOError as e:
-        print('An IOError occured. {}'.format(e.args[-1]))
+        print('An IOError occurred. {}'.format(e.args[-1]))
     finally:
         print("This would be printed even if no exception occurs!")
         
-    # Output: An IOError occured. No such file or directory
+    # Output: An IOError occurred. No such file or directory
     # This would be printed even if no exception occurs!
 
 ``try/else`` clause

for_-_else.rst

@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ This is the basic structure of a ``for/else`` loop:
 .. code:: python
 
     for item in container:
-        if search_comething(item):
+        if search_something(item):
             # Found it!
             process(item)
             break

function_caching.rst

@@ -69,5 +69,4 @@ is a generic cache:
 
 `Here <https://www.caktusgroup.com/blog/2015/06/08/testing-client-side-applications-django-post-mortem/>`__
 is a fine article by Caktus Group in which they caught a bug in Django
-which occured due to ``lru_cache``. It's an interesting read. Do check it
-out.
+which occurred due to ``lru_cache``. It's an interesting read. Do check it out.

map_&_filter.rst

@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ of a list of inputs we can even have a list of functions!
 ^^^^^^^^^
 
 As the name suggests, filter creates a list of elements for which a
-function returns true. Here is a short and consise example:
+function returns true. Here is a short and concise example:
 
 .. code:: python
 

open_function.rst

@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ to your liking (or the liking of the program that will eventually read
 your file).
 
 How do you find out which encoding a file you read has? Well,
-unfortunately, there is no sureproof way to detect the encoding - the
+unfortunately, there is no foolproof way to detect the encoding - the
 same bytes can represent different, but equally valid characters in
 different encodings. Therefore, you must rely on metadata (for example,
 in HTTP headers) to know the encoding. Increasingly, formats just define