_printf 📄 --> Holberton Project

This project replicates the C standard library printf() function

Dependencies 👫

• The _printf function was coded on an Ubuntu 20.04 LTS machine with gcc version 9.3.0.

• Code must follow the Betty style https://github.com/holbertonschool/Betty.git

• The prototypes of all your functions should be included in your header file called "holberton.h"

Instructions to use it

• To use _printf in your computer, you should have Git and the gcc compiler (you can install it typing sudo apt-get install gcc in your terminal).

• Then, you can clone the repository with: git clone https://github.com/yazgiraldoa/printf.git

• After cloning the repository, you can include holberton.h in your main file and call _printf function.

• Compile all .c files with: gcc -Wall -Wextra -Werror -pedantic -std=gnu89 -Wno-format *.c

• Also, there's a manual in the repository, so you can access to it by typing man ./man_3_printf in your terminal.

File

file	Description
holberton.h	A file that contains a structure and the prototypes of the functions.
_putchar.c	A function that calls write to print characters.
_printf.c	A function that calls base structure and passes the arguments to print.
get_format.c	A pointer function that evaluates the format in the structure and returns the function that matches.
special_cases.c	A function that evaluates edge cases related to "%".
print_basic.c	A file containing the basic printing functions in %i, %d, %s, %c, %%, %u format.
print_advanced.c	A file containing the advanced printing functions in %r, %R, %x, %X formats.
print_pro.c	A file containing the advanced printing functions in %o format.
Makefile	A file containing the basic compilation commands.
man_3_printf	A manual for printf function.

Prototype _printf

int _printf(const char *format, ...);

Examples main.c:

#include "holberton.h"

int main(void)
{
    _printf("Hello, World!");

    return (0);
}

Compilation:

$ gcc *.c -o tester

Compilation Makefile:

$ make comp

Output:

$ ./tester
Hello, World!
$

Examples with format

Here specific cases are evaluated with each of the formats.

d, i

The int argument is converted to signed decimal notation.

Example main.c:

int main(void)
{
    _printf("%d\n", 7);
}

Output:

7

o, u, x, X

The unsigned int argument is converted to unsigned octal (o), unsigned decimal (u), or unsigned hexadecimal (x and X). The letters abcdef are used for x conversions and the letters ABCDEF are used for X conversions.

Example main.c:

int main(void)
{
    _printf("%o\n", 77);
}

Output:

115

c

The int argument is converted to an unsigned char.

Example main.c:

int main(void)
{
    _printf("%c\n", 48);
}

Output:

0

s

The const char * argument is expected to be a pointer to a character array. Characters from the array are written starting from the first element of the array and ending.

Example main.c:

int main(void)
{
    _printf("%s\n", "Hello, World!");
}

Output:

Hello, World!

R

Identical to the s conversion specifier, except each character of the array is converted to its corresponding character in ROT13 before being written.

Example main.c:

int main(void)
{
    _printf("%R\n", "Hello, World");
}

Output:

Uryyb, Jbeyq

%

A % is written. No argument is converted. The complete conversion specification is %%.

Example:

int main(void)
{
    _printf("%%\n");
}

Output:

%

Flowchart

Return Value

Upon successful return, _printf returns the number of characters printed (excluding the terminating null byte used to end output to strings). If an output error is encountered, the function returns -1.

Repositorio

Authors

• Juan Duque - @Juan_Duque0

• Yazmin Giraldo - @yazgiraldoa