[ie/fathom] Add extractor

[src-tinkerer]

IMPORTANT: PRs without the template will be CLOSED

Description of your pull request and other information

Extractor for fathom.video

Closes #8541

PLEASE FOLLOW THE GUIDE BELOW

• You will be asked some questions, please read them carefully and answer honestly
• Put an x into all the boxes [ ] relevant to your pull request (like [x])
• Use Preview tab to see how your pull request will actually look like

-->

Before submitting a pull request make sure you have:

• At least skimmed through contributing guidelines including yt-dlp coding conventions
• Searched the bugtracker for similar pull requests
• Checked the code with flake8 and ran relevant tests

In order to be accepted and merged into yt-dlp each piece of code must be in public domain or released under Unlicense. Check all of the following options that apply:

• I am the original author of this code and I am willing to release it under Unlicense
• I am not the original author of this code but it is in public domain or released under Unlicense (provide reliable evidence)

What is the purpose of your pull request?

• Fix or improvement to an extractor (Make sure to add/update tests)
• New extractor (Piracy websites will not be accepted)
• Core bug fix/improvement
• New feature (It is strongly recommended to open an issue first)

[src-tinkerer]

Done