Add Digest HTTP Authentication with Basic Auth Fallback

[derhelge]

Description

This patch introduces the ability to perform Digest HTTP authentication when making requests. If Digest authentication is not required or fails, the method falls back to Basic authentication. This enhancement provides more flexibility in handling different authentication schemes and improves compatibility with various systems.

Fixes #2685.

[derhelge]

Hi @ytti thanks for accepting the pull request. Unfortunately i introduced a bug:
Line 60 in http.rb should be:
if res.code == '401' && res['www-authenticate']&.include?('Digest')
Elsewhat basic auth stops working because res['www-authenticate'] is nil. Sorry

[ytti]

Submit new PR for the safe navigation, no problem.

[robertcheramy]

This PR introduced RuboCop Warnings (Layout/TrailingWhitespace).
The GitHub checks did not run (I don't know why), so it could not easily been seen.
These warnings will be fixed with PR #3079.

[derhelge]

Thanks @robertcheramy
I apologize that you had extra work due to my inability. I am not a Ruby developer and am still learning how to use oxidized dev-wise.

[robertcheramy]

@derhelge - no problem. Thank you for contributing to oxidized!