Bluetooth: Host: Add a validation for hci_le_read_max_data_len()

[swkim101]

Check and warn if max_tx_octects and max_tx_time exceed their valid ranges, according to the BT Core spec 5.4 [Vol 4, Part E, 7.8.46].

Fix #70472

[github-actions]

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[github-actions]

Hi @swkim101!
Congratulations on getting your very first Zephyr pull request merged 🎉🥳. This is a fantastic achievement, and we're thrilled to have you as part of our community!

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Thank you for your valuable input, and we look forward to seeing more of your contributions in the future! 🪁