docs: add math docs

[34j]

Description of change

Pull-Request Checklist

• Code is up-to-date with the main branch
• This pull request follows Contributing.md
• This pull request links relevant issues as Fixes #0000
• There are new or updated unit tests validating the change
• Documentation has been updated to reflect this change
• The new commits follow conventions outlined in the conventional commit spec, such as "fix(api): prevent racing of requests".

• If pre-commit.ci is failing, try pre-commit run -a for further information.
• If CI / test is failing, try poetry run pytest for further information.

[codecov]

Codecov Report

All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests ✅

Project coverage is 56.87%. Comparing base (ba7be0b) to head (f106fb3).

❗ Current head f106fb3 differs from pull request most recent head ae7bdcc

Please upload reports for the commit ae7bdcc to get more accurate results.

Additional details and impacted files

@@           Coverage Diff           @@
##             main      #60   +/-   ##
=======================================
  Coverage   56.87%   56.87%           
=======================================
  Files           6        6           
  Lines         538      538           
  Branches       98       98           
=======================================
  Hits          306      306           
  Misses        208      208           
  Partials       24       24           

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