Fix the behavior of OnHedging event

src/Polly.Core/Hedging/Controller/HedgingHandler.cs

@@ -2,7 +2,8 @@ namespace Polly.Hedging.Utils;
 
 internal sealed record class HedgingHandler<T>(
     Func<HedgingPredicateArguments<T>, ValueTask<bool>> ShouldHandle,
-    Func<HedgingActionGeneratorArguments<T>, Func<ValueTask<Outcome<T>>>?> ActionGenerator)
+    Func<HedgingActionGeneratorArguments<T>, Func<ValueTask<Outcome<T>>>?> ActionGenerator,
+    Func<OnHedgingArguments<T>, ValueTask>? OnHedging)
 {
     public Func<ValueTask<Outcome<T>>>? GenerateAction(HedgingActionGeneratorArguments<T> args)
     {

src/Polly.Core/Hedging/Controller/TaskExecution.cs

@@ -127,6 +127,8 @@ public void Cancel()
                 return true;
             }
 
+            await HandleOnHedgingAsync(snapshot.Context, attemptNumber - 1).ConfigureAwait(Context.ContinueOnCapturedContext);
+
             ExecutionTaskSafe = ExecuteSecondaryActionAsync(action);
         }
         else
@@ -137,6 +139,21 @@ public void Cancel()
         return true;
     }
 
+    private async Task HandleOnHedgingAsync(ResilienceContext primaryContext, int attemptNumber)
+    {
+        var args = new OnHedgingArguments<T>(
+            primaryContext,
+            Context,
+            attemptNumber);
+
+        _telemetry.Report(new(ResilienceEventSeverity.Warning, HedgingConstants.OnHedgingEventName), Context, args);
+
+        if (_handler.OnHedging is { } onHedging)
+        {
+            await onHedging(args).ConfigureAwait(Context.ContinueOnCapturedContext);
+        }
+    }
+
     private HedgingActionGeneratorArguments<TResult> CreateArguments<TResult, TState>(
         Func<ResilienceContext, TState, ValueTask<Outcome<TResult>>> primaryCallback,
         ResilienceContext primaryContext,

src/Polly.Core/Hedging/HedgingActionGeneratorArguments.cs

@@ -7,19 +7,22 @@ namespace Polly.Hedging;
 /// </summary>
 /// <typeparam name="TResult">The type of the result.</typeparam>
 /// <remarks>
+/// The <see cref="PrimaryContext"/> represents the context that was received by the hedging strategy and used to execute the primary action.
+/// To prevent race conditions, the hedging strategy then clones the primary context into <see cref="ActionContext"/> and uses it to execute the hedged action.
+/// Every hedged action gets its own context that is cloned from the primary.
+/// <para>
 /// Always use the constructor when creating this struct, otherwise we do not guarantee binary compatibility.
+/// </para>
 /// </remarks>
 public readonly struct HedgingActionGeneratorArguments<TResult>
 {
     /// <summary>
     /// Initializes a new instance of the <see cref="HedgingActionGeneratorArguments{TResult}"/> struct.
     /// </summary>
-    /// <param name="primaryContext">The primary resilience context.</param>
-    /// <param name="actionContext">
-    /// The context that will be passed to action generated by <see cref="HedgingStrategyOptions{TResult}.ActionGenerator"/>.
-    /// .</param>
+    /// <param name="primaryContext">The primary context received by the hedging strategy.</param>
+    /// <param name="actionContext">The action context. cloned from the primary context.</param>
     /// <param name="attemptNumber">The zero-based hedging attempt number.</param>
-    /// <param name="callback">The callback passed to hedging strategy.</param>
+    /// <param name="callback">The callback passed to the hedging strategy.</param>
     public HedgingActionGeneratorArguments(
         ResilienceContext primaryContext,
         ResilienceContext actionContext,
@@ -33,12 +36,12 @@ namespace Polly.Hedging;
     }
 
     /// <summary>
-    /// Gets the primary resilience context.
+    /// Gets the primary resilience context as received by the hedging strategy.
     /// </summary>
     public ResilienceContext PrimaryContext { get; }
 
     /// <summary>
-    /// Gets the context that will be passed to action generated by <see cref="HedgingStrategyOptions{TResult}.ActionGenerator"/>.
+    /// Gets the action context that will be used for the hedged action.
     /// </summary>
     /// <remarks>
     /// This context is cloned from <see cref="PrimaryContext"/>.
@@ -51,7 +54,7 @@ namespace Polly.Hedging;
     public int AttemptNumber { get; }
 
     /// <summary>
-    /// Gets the callback passed to hedging strategy.
+    /// Gets the callback passed to the hedging strategy.
     /// </summary>
     public Func<ResilienceContext, ValueTask<Outcome<TResult>>> Callback { get; }
 }

src/Polly.Core/Hedging/HedgingResiliencePipelineBuilderExtensions.cs

@@ -35,13 +35,12 @@ public static class HedgingResiliencePipelineBuilderExtensions
 
     private static HedgingResilienceStrategy<TResult> CreateHedgingStrategy<TResult>(StrategyBuilderContext context, HedgingStrategyOptions<TResult> options)
     {
-        var handler = new HedgingHandler<TResult>(options.ShouldHandle!, options.ActionGenerator);
+        var handler = new HedgingHandler<TResult>(options.ShouldHandle!, options.ActionGenerator, options.OnHedging);
 
         return new HedgingResilienceStrategy<TResult>(
             options.Delay,
             options.MaxHedgedAttempts,
             handler,
-            options.OnHedging,
             options.DelayGenerator,
             context.TimeProvider,
             context.Telemetry);

src/Polly.Core/Hedging/HedgingResilienceStrategy.cs

@@ -1,32 +1,26 @@
 using System.Diagnostics.CodeAnalysis;
+using Polly.Hedging.Controller;
 using Polly.Hedging.Utils;
 using Polly.Telemetry;
 
 namespace Polly.Hedging;
 
 internal sealed class HedgingResilienceStrategy<T> : ResilienceStrategy<T>
 {
-    private readonly TimeProvider _timeProvider;
-    private readonly ResilienceStrategyTelemetry _telemetry;
     private readonly HedgingController<T> _controller;
 
     public HedgingResilienceStrategy(
         TimeSpan hedgingDelay,
         int maxHedgedAttempts,
         HedgingHandler<T> hedgingHandler,
-        Func<OnHedgingArguments<T>, ValueTask>? onHedging,
         Func<HedgingDelayGeneratorArguments, ValueTask<TimeSpan>>? hedgingDelayGenerator,
         TimeProvider timeProvider,
         ResilienceStrategyTelemetry telemetry)
     {
         HedgingDelay = hedgingDelay;
         TotalAttempts = maxHedgedAttempts + 1; // include the initial attempt
         DelayGenerator = hedgingDelayGenerator;
-        _timeProvider = timeProvider;
         HedgingHandler = hedgingHandler;
-        OnHedging = onHedging;
-
-        _telemetry = telemetry;
         _controller = new HedgingController<T>(telemetry, timeProvider, HedgingHandler, TotalAttempts);
     }
 
@@ -38,8 +32,6 @@ internal sealed class HedgingResilienceStrategy<T> : ResilienceStrategy<T>
 
     public HedgingHandler<T> HedgingHandler { get; }
 
-    public Func<OnHedgingArguments<T>, ValueTask>? OnHedging { get; }
-
     [ExcludeFromCodeCoverage] // coverlet issue
     protected internal override async ValueTask<Outcome<T>> ExecuteCore<TState>(
         Func<ResilienceContext, TState, ValueTask<Outcome<T>>> callback,
@@ -71,11 +63,8 @@ internal sealed class HedgingResilienceStrategy<T> : ResilienceStrategy<T>
         var cancellationToken = context.CancellationToken;
         var continueOnCapturedContext = context.ContinueOnCapturedContext;
 
-        var attempt = -1;
         while (true)
         {
-            attempt++;
-            var start = _timeProvider.GetTimestamp();
             if (cancellationToken.IsCancellationRequested)
             {
                 return Outcome.FromException<T>(new OperationCanceledException(cancellationToken).TrySetStackTrace());
@@ -92,10 +81,6 @@ internal sealed class HedgingResilienceStrategy<T> : ResilienceStrategy<T>
             var execution = await hedgingContext.TryWaitForCompletedExecutionAsync(delay).ConfigureAwait(continueOnCapturedContext);
             if (execution is null)
             {
-                // If completedHedgedTask is null it indicates that we still do not have any finished hedged task within the hedging delay.
-                // We will create additional hedged task in the next iteration.
-                await HandleOnHedgingAsync(
-                    new OnHedgingArguments<T>(context, null, attempt, duration: delay)).ConfigureAwait(context.ContinueOnCapturedContext);
                 continue;
             }
 
@@ -106,23 +91,6 @@ internal sealed class HedgingResilienceStrategy<T> : ResilienceStrategy<T>
                 execution.AcceptOutcome();
                 return outcome;
             }
-
-            var executionTime = _timeProvider.GetElapsedTime(start);
-            await HandleOnHedgingAsync(
-                new OnHedgingArguments<T>(context, outcome, attempt, executionTime)).ConfigureAwait(context.ContinueOnCapturedContext);
-        }
-    }
-
-    private async ValueTask HandleOnHedgingAsync(OnHedgingArguments<T> args)
-    {
-        _telemetry.Report<OnHedgingArguments<T>, T>(new(ResilienceEventSeverity.Warning, HedgingConstants.OnHedgingEventName), args.Context, default, args);
-
-        if (OnHedging is not null)
-        {
-            // If nothing has been returned or thrown yet, the result is a transient failure,
-            // and other hedged request will be awaited.
-            // Before it, one needs to perform the task adjacent to each hedged call.
-            await OnHedging(args).ConfigureAwait(args.Context.ContinueOnCapturedContext);
         }
     }
 

src/Polly.Core/Hedging/OnHedgingArguments.cs

@@ -7,43 +7,43 @@ namespace Polly.Hedging;
 /// </summary>
 /// <typeparam name="TResult">The type of result.</typeparam>
 /// <remarks>
+/// The <see cref="PrimaryContext"/> represents the context that was received by the hedging strategy and used to execute the primary action.
+/// To prevent race conditions, the hedging strategy then clones the primary context into <see cref="ActionContext"/> and uses it to execute the hedged action.
+/// Every hedged action gets its own context that is cloned from the primary.
+/// <para>
 /// Always use the constructor when creating this struct, otherwise we do not guarantee binary compatibility.
+/// </para>
 /// </remarks>
 public readonly struct OnHedgingArguments<TResult>
 {
     /// <summary>
     /// Initializes a new instance of the <see cref="OnHedgingArguments{TResult}"/> struct.
     /// </summary>
-    /// <param name="outcome">The context in which the resilience operation or event occurred.</param>
-    /// <param name="context">The outcome of the resilience operation or event.</param>
+    /// <param name="primaryContext">The primary context received by the hedging strategy.</param>
+    /// <param name="actionContext">The action context. cloned from the primary context.</param>
     /// <param name="attemptNumber">The zero-based hedging attempt number.</param>
-    /// <param name="duration">The execution duration of hedging attempt or the hedging delay in case the attempt was not finished in time.</param>
-    public OnHedgingArguments(ResilienceContext context, Outcome<TResult>? outcome, int attemptNumber, TimeSpan duration)
+    public OnHedgingArguments(ResilienceContext primaryContext, ResilienceContext actionContext, int attemptNumber)
     {
-        Context = context;
-        Outcome = outcome;
+        PrimaryContext = primaryContext;
+        ActionContext = actionContext;
         AttemptNumber = attemptNumber;
-        Duration = duration;
     }
 
     /// <summary>
-    /// Gets the outcome that needs to be hedged, if any.
+    /// Gets the primary resilience context as received by the hedging strategy.
     /// </summary>
-    /// <remarks>If this property is <see langword="null"/>, it's an indication that user-callback or hedged operation did not complete within the hedging delay.</remarks>
-    public Outcome<TResult>? Outcome { get; }
+    public ResilienceContext PrimaryContext { get; }
 
     /// <summary>
-    /// Gets the context of this event.
+    /// Gets the action context that will be used for the hedged action.
     /// </summary>
-    public ResilienceContext Context { get; }
+    /// <remarks>
+    /// This context is cloned from <see cref="PrimaryContext"/>.
+    /// </remarks>
+    public ResilienceContext ActionContext { get; }
 
     /// <summary>
     /// Gets the zero-based hedging attempt number.
     /// </summary>
     public int AttemptNumber { get; }
-
-    /// <summary>
-    /// Gets the execution duration of hedging attempt or the hedging delay in case the attempt was not finished in time.
-    /// </summary>
-    public TimeSpan Duration { get; }
 }

src/Polly.Core/PublicAPI.Unshipped.txt

@@ -143,12 +143,11 @@ Polly.Hedging.HedgingStrategyOptions<TResult>.OnHedging.set -> void
 Polly.Hedging.HedgingStrategyOptions<TResult>.ShouldHandle.get -> System.Func<Polly.Hedging.HedgingPredicateArguments<TResult>, System.Threading.Tasks.ValueTask<bool>>!
 Polly.Hedging.HedgingStrategyOptions<TResult>.ShouldHandle.set -> void
 Polly.Hedging.OnHedgingArguments<TResult>
+Polly.Hedging.OnHedgingArguments<TResult>.ActionContext.get -> Polly.ResilienceContext!
 Polly.Hedging.OnHedgingArguments<TResult>.AttemptNumber.get -> int
-Polly.Hedging.OnHedgingArguments<TResult>.Context.get -> Polly.ResilienceContext!
-Polly.Hedging.OnHedgingArguments<TResult>.Duration.get -> System.TimeSpan
 Polly.Hedging.OnHedgingArguments<TResult>.OnHedgingArguments() -> void
-Polly.Hedging.OnHedgingArguments<TResult>.OnHedgingArguments(Polly.ResilienceContext! context, Polly.Outcome<TResult>? outcome, int attemptNumber, System.TimeSpan duration) -> void
-Polly.Hedging.OnHedgingArguments<TResult>.Outcome.get -> Polly.Outcome<TResult>?
+Polly.Hedging.OnHedgingArguments<TResult>.OnHedgingArguments(Polly.ResilienceContext! primaryContext, Polly.ResilienceContext! actionContext, int attemptNumber) -> void
+Polly.Hedging.OnHedgingArguments<TResult>.PrimaryContext.get -> Polly.ResilienceContext!
 Polly.HedgingResiliencePipelineBuilderExtensions
 Polly.LegacySupport
 Polly.Outcome

test/Polly.Core.Tests/Hedging/HedgingHandlerTests.cs

@@ -10,7 +10,10 @@ public async Task GenerateAction_Generic_Ok()
     {
         var handler = new HedgingHandler<string>(
             args => PredicateResult.True(),
-            args => () => Outcome.FromResultAsValueTask("ok"));
+            args => () => Outcome.FromResultAsValueTask("ok"),
+            args => default);
+
+        handler.OnHedging.Should().NotBeNull();
 
         var action = handler.GenerateAction(new HedgingActionGeneratorArguments<string>(
             ResilienceContextPool.Shared.Get(),

test/Polly.Core.Tests/Hedging/HedgingHelper.cs

@@ -7,9 +7,10 @@ internal static class HedgingHelper
 {
     public static HedgingHandler<T> CreateHandler<T>(
         Func<Outcome<T>, bool> shouldHandle,
-        Func<HedgingActionGeneratorArguments<T>, Func<ValueTask<Outcome<T>>>?> generator)
+        Func<HedgingActionGeneratorArguments<T>, Func<ValueTask<Outcome<T>>>?> generator,
+        Func<OnHedgingArguments<T>, ValueTask>? onHedging = null)
     {
-        return new HedgingHandler<T>(args => new ValueTask<bool>(shouldHandle(args.Outcome!))!, generator);
+        return new HedgingHandler<T>(args => new ValueTask<bool>(shouldHandle(args.Outcome!))!, generator, onHedging);
     }
 }
 

test/Polly.Core.Tests/Hedging/HedgingResiliencePipelineBuilderExtensionsTests.cs

@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
 using System.ComponentModel.DataAnnotations;
-using System.Globalization;
 using Polly.Hedging;
 using Polly.Testing;
 
@@ -35,8 +34,7 @@ public void AddHedgingT_InvalidOptions_Throws()
     [Fact]
     public async Task AddHedging_IntegrationTest()
     {
-        var hedgingWithoutOutcome = false;
-        ConcurrentQueue<string> results = new();
+        int hedgingCount = 0;
 
         var strategy = _builder
             .AddHedging(new()
@@ -64,15 +62,7 @@ public async Task AddHedging_IntegrationTest()
                 },
                 OnHedging = args =>
                 {
-                    if (args.Outcome is { } outcome)
-                    {
-                        results.Enqueue(outcome.Result!.ToString(CultureInfo.InvariantCulture)!);
-                    }
-                    else
-                    {
-                        hedgingWithoutOutcome = true;
-                    }
-
+                    hedgingCount++;
                     return default;
                 }
             })
@@ -85,8 +75,6 @@ public async Task AddHedging_IntegrationTest()
         });
 
         result.Should().Be("success");
-        results.Should().HaveCountGreaterThan(0);
-        results.Distinct().Should().ContainSingle("error");
-        hedgingWithoutOutcome.Should().BeTrue();
+        hedgingCount.Should().Be(4);
     }
 }