Credential Scan on Azure Blob Storage.ipynb

{
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    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "source": [
        "# Credential Scan on Azure Blob Storage\n",
        "\n",
        "__Notebook Version:__ 1.1<br>\n",
        "__Python Version:__ Python 3.10 - SDK v2<br>\n",
        "__Required Packages:__ No<br>\n",
        "__Platforms Supported:__  Azure Machine Learning Notebooks\n",
        "     \n",
        "__Data Source Required:__ No \n",
        "    \n",
        "### Description\n",
        "This notebook provides step-by-step instructions and sample code to detect credential leak into Azure Blob Storage using Azure SDK for Python.<br>\n",
        "*** No need to download and install any other Python modules. ***<br>\n",
        "*** Please run the cells sequentially to avoid errors.  Please do not use \"run all cells\". *** <br>\n",
        "\n",
        "## Table of Contents\n",
        "1. Warm-up\n",
        "2. Authentication to Azure Storage\n",
        "3. Scan Azure Blob for Leaking Credentials"
      ],
      "metadata": {
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          "transient": {
            "deleting": false
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      }
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "source": [
        "## 1. Warm-up"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "nteract": {
          "transient": {
            "deleting": false
          }
        }
      }
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "# If you need to know what Python modules are available, you may run this:\n",
        "# help(\"modules\")"
      ],
      "outputs": [],
      "execution_count": null,
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        "nteract": {
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            "deleting": false
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        },
        "tags": [
          "parameters"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "# Load Python libraries that will be used in this notebook\n",
        "from azure.mgmt.storage import StorageManagementClient\n",
        "from azure.identity import DefaultAzureCredential\n",
        "from azure.storage.blob import BlobServiceClient, BlobClient, ContainerClient, __version__\n",
        "from azure.mgmt.resource import ResourceManagementClient\n",
        "from azure.identity import AzureCliCredential\n",
        "\n",
        "import time\n",
        "import json\n",
        "import os\n",
        "import csv\n",
        "import ipywidgets\n",
        "from IPython.display import display, HTML, Markdown\n",
        "import re"
      ],
      "outputs": [],
      "execution_count": null,
      "metadata": {
        "collapsed": true,
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        },
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    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "# Functions will be used in this notebook\n",
        "def read_config_values(file_path):\n",
        "    \"This loads pre-generated parameters for Microsoft Sentinel Workspace\"\n",
        "    with open(file_path) as json_file:\n",
        "        if json_file:\n",
        "            json_config = json.load(json_file)\n",
        "            return (json_config[\"tenant_id\"],\n",
        "                    json_config[\"subscription_id\"],\n",
        "                    json_config[\"resource_group\"],\n",
        "                    json_config[\"workspace_id\"],\n",
        "                    json_config[\"workspace_name\"],\n",
        "                    json_config[\"user_alias\"],\n",
        "                    json_config[\"user_object_id\"])\n",
        "    return None\n",
        "\n",
        "def has_valid_token():\n",
        "    \"Check to see if there is a valid AAD token\"\n",
        "    try:\n",
        "        error = \"Please run 'az login'\"\n",
        "        expired = \"AADSTS70043: The refresh token has expired or is invalid\"\n",
        "        failed = \"failed\"\n",
        "        validator = !az account get-access-token\n",
        "        \n",
        "        if any(expired in item for item in validator.get_list()):\n",
        "            return '**The refresh token has expired. <br> Please continue your login process. Then: <br> 1. If you plan to run multiple notebooks on the same compute instance today, you may restart the compute instance by clicking \"Compute\" on left menu, then select the instance, clicking \"Restart\"; <br> 2. Otherwise, you may just restart the kernel from top menu. <br> Finally, close and re-load the notebook, then re-run cells one by one from the top.**'\n",
        "        elif any(error in item for item in validator.get_list()) or any(failed in item for item in validator.get_list()):\n",
        "            return \"Please run 'az login' to setup account\"\n",
        "        else:\n",
        "            return None\n",
        "    except:\n",
        "        return \"Please login\"\n",
        "\n",
        "def get_file_content(blob):\n",
        "    \"Decoding file content\"\n",
        "    try:\n",
        "        content = blob.content_as_text(max_concurrency=1, encoding='UTF-8')\n",
        "    except UnicodeDecodeError:\n",
        "        content = blob.content_as_text(max_concurrency=1, encoding='UTF-16')\n",
        "    return content\n",
        "\n",
        "def get_regex_list():\n",
        "    \"This function return RegEx list for credscan\"\n",
        "    regex_list = [\n",
        "        \"(?i)(ida:password|IssuerSecret|(api|client|app(lication)?)[_\\\\- ]?(key|secret)[^,a-z]|\\\\.azuredatabricks\\\\.net).{0,10}(dapi)?[a-z0-9/+]{22}\",\n",
        "        \"(?i)(x-api-(key|token).{0,10}[a-z0-9/+]{40}|v1\\\\.[a-z0-9/+]{40}[^a-z0-9/+])\",\n",
        "        \"(?-i:)\\\\WAIza(?i)[a-z0-9_\\\\\\\\\\\\-]{35}\\\\W\",\n",
        "        \"(?i)(\\\\Wsig\\\\W|Secret(Value)?|IssuerSecret|(\\\\Wsas|primary|secondary|management|Shared(Access(Policy)?)?).?Key|\\\\.azure\\\\-devices\\\\.net|\\\\.(core|servicebus|redis\\\\.cache|accesscontrol|mediaservices)\\\\.(windows\\\\.net|chinacloudapi\\\\.cn|cloudapi\\\\.de|usgovcloudapi\\\\.net)|New\\\\-AzureRedisCache).{0,100}([a-z0-9/+]{43}=)\",\n",
        "        \"(?i)visualstudio\\\\.com.{1,100}\\\\W(?-i:)[a-z2-7]{52}\\\\W\",\n",
        "        \"(?i)se=2021.+sig=[a-z0-9%]{43,63}%3d\",\n",
        "        \"(?i)(x-functions-key|ApiKey|Code=|\\\\.azurewebsites\\\\.net/api/).{0,100}[a-z0-9/\\\\+]{54}={2}\",\n",
        "        \"(?i)code=[a-z0-9%]{54,74}(%3d){2}\",\n",
        "        \"(?i)(userpwd|publishingpassword).{0,100}[a-z0-9/\\\\+]{60}\\\\W\",\n",
        "        \"(?i)[^a-z0-9/\\\\+][a-z0-9/\\\\+]{86}==\",\n",
        "        \"(?-i:)\\\\-{5}BEGIN( ([DR]SA|EC|OPENSSH|PGP))? PRIVATE KEY( BLOCK)?\\\\-{5}\",\n",
        "        \"(?i)(app(lication)?|client)[_\\\\- ]?(key(url)?|secret)([\\\\s=:>]{1,10}|[\\\\s\\\"':=|>\\\\]]{3,15}|[\\\"'=:\\\\(]{2})[^\\\\-]\",\n",
        "        \"(?i)refresh[_\\\\-]?token([\\\\s=:>]{1,10}|[\\\\s\\\"':=|>\\\\]]{3,15}|[\\\"'=:\\\\(]{2})(\\\"data:text/plain,.+\\\"|[a-z0-9/+=_.-]{20,200})\",\n",
        "        \"(?i)AccessToken(Secret)?([\\\\s\\\"':=|>\\\\]]{3,15}|[\\\"'=:\\\\(]{2}|[\\\\s=:>]{1,10})[a-z0-9/+=_.-]{20,200}\",\n",
        "        \"(?i)[a-z0-9]{3,5}://[^%:\\\\s\\\"'/][^:\\\\s\\\"'/\\\\$]+[^:\\\\s\\\"'/\\\\$%]:([^%\\\\s\\\"'/][^@\\\\s\\\"'/]{0,100}[^%\\\\s\\\"'/])@[\\\\$a-z0-9:\\\\.\\\\-_%\\\\?=/]+\",\n",
        "        \"(?i)snmp(\\\\-server)?\\\\.exe.{0,100}(priv|community)\",\n",
        "        \"(?i)(ConvertTo\\\\-?SecureString\\\\s*((\\\\(|\\\\Wstring)\\\\s*)?['\\\"]+)\",\n",
        "        \"(?i)(Consumer|api)[_\\\\- ]?(Secret|Key)([\\\\s=:>]{1,10}|[\\\\s\\\"':=|>,\\\\]]{3,15}|[\\\"'=:\\\\(]{2})[^\\\\s]{5,}\",\n",
        "        \"(?i)authorization[,\\\\[:= \\\"']+([dbaohmnsv])\",\n",
        "        \"(?i)-u\\\\s+.{2,100}-p\\\\s+[^\\\\-/]\",\n",
        "        \"(?i)(amqp|ssh|(ht|f)tps?)://[^%:\\\\s\\\"'/][^:\\\\s\\\"'/\\\\$]+[^:\\\\s\\\"'/\\\\$%]:([^%\\\\s\\\"'/][^@\\\\s\\\"'/]{0,100}[^%\\\\s\\\"'/])@[\\\\$a-z0-9:\\\\.\\\\-_%\\\\?=/]+\",\n",
        "        \"(?i)(\\\\Waws|amazon)?.{0,5}(secret|access.?key).{0,10}\\\\W[a-z0-9/\\\\+]{40}\",\n",
        "        \"(?-i:)(eyJ0eXAiOiJKV1Qi|eyJhbGci)\",\n",
        "        \"(?i)@(\\\\.(on)?)?microsoft\\\\.com[ -~\\\\s]{1,100}?(\\\\w?pass\\\\w?)\",\n",
        "        \"(?i)net(\\\\.exe)?.{1,5}(user\\\\s+|share\\\\s+/user:|user-?secrets? set)\\\\s+[a-z0-9]\",\n",
        "        \"(?i)xox[pbar]\\\\-[a-z0-9]\",\n",
        "        \"(?i)[\\\":\\\\s=]((x?corp|extranet(test)?|ntdev)(\\\\.microsoft\\\\.com)?|corp|redmond|europe|middleeast|northamerica|southpacific|southamerica|fareast|africa|exchange|extranet(test)?|partners|parttest|ntdev|ntwksta)\\\\W.{0,100}(password|\\\\Wpwd|\\\\Wpass|\\\\Wpw\\\\W|userpass)\",\n",
        "        \"(?i)(sign_in|SharePointOnlineAuthenticatedContext|(User|Exchange)Credentials?|password)[ -~\\\\s]{0,100}?@([a-z0-9.]+\\\\.(on)?)?microsoft\\\\.com['\\\"]?\",\n",
        "        \"(?i)(\\\\.database\\\\.azure\\\\.com|\\\\.database(\\\\.secure)?\\\\.windows\\\\.net|\\\\.cloudapp\\\\.net|\\\\.database\\\\.usgovcloudapi\\\\.net|\\\\.database\\\\.chinacloudapi\\\\.cn|\\\\.database.cloudapi.de).{0,100}(DB_PASS|(sql|service)?password|\\\\Wpwd\\\\W)\",\n",
        "        \"(?i)(secret(.?key)?|password)[\\\"']?\\\\s*[:=]\\\\s*[\\\"'][^\\\\s]+?[\\\"']\",\n",
        "        \"(?i)[^a-z\\\\$](DB_USER|user id|uid|(sql)?user(name)?|service\\\\s?account)\\\\s*[^\\\\w\\\\s,]([ -~\\\\s]{2,120}?|[ -~]{2,30}?)([^a-z\\\\s\\\\$]|\\\\s)\\\\s*(DB_PASS|(sql|service)?password|pwd)\",\n",
        "        \"(?i)(password|secret(key)?)[ \\\\t]*[=:]+[ \\\\t]*([^:\\\\s\\\"';,<]{2,200})\",\n",
        "    ]\n",
        "\n",
        "    return regex_list\n",
        "\n",
        "def set_continuation_flag(flag):\n",
        "    if flag == False:\n",
        "        print(\"continuation flag is false.\")\n",
        "    return flag\n",
        "\n",
        "def convert_result_to_string(result_row):\n",
        "    if (type(result_row)) == str:\n",
        "        return result_row\n",
        "    elif (type(result_row)) == tuple:\n",
        "        return ','.join([m for m in result_row if len(m) > 0])\n",
        "\n",
        "def export_csv(file_name, data_list):\n",
        "    with open(file_name, 'w') as f:\n",
        "        w = csv.writer(f, delimiter = ',')\n",
        "        w.writerows([x.split(',') for x in data_list])"
      ],
      "outputs": [],
      "execution_count": null,
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          "outputs_hidden": false,
          "source_hidden": false
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        "nteract": {
          "transient": {
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      }
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "# Calling the above function to populate Microsoft Sentinel workspace parameters\n",
        "# The file, config.json, was generated by the system, however, you may modify the values, or manually set the variables\n",
        "tenant_id, subscription_id, resource_group, workspace_id, workspace_name, user_alias, user_object_id = read_config_values('config.json');"
      ],
      "outputs": [],
      "execution_count": null,
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        "jupyter": {
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          "source_hidden": false
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          "transient": {
            "deleting": false
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      }
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "source": [
        "## 2. Authentication to Azure Storage"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "nteract": {
          "transient": {
            "deleting": false
          }
        }
      }
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "# Azure CLI is used to get device code to login into Azure, you need to copy the code and open the DeviceLogin site.\n",
        "# You may add [--tenant $tenant_id] to the command\n",
        "if has_valid_token() != None:\n",
        "    message = '**The refresh token has expired. <br> Please continue your login process. Then: <br> 1. If you plan to run multiple notebooks on the same compute instance today, you may restart the compute instance by clicking \"Compute\" on left menu, then select the instance, clicking \"Restart\"; <br> 2. Otherwise, you may just restart the kernel from top menu. <br> Finally, close and re-load the notebook, then re-run cells one by one from the top.**'\n",
        "    display(Markdown(message))\n",
        "    !echo -e '\\e[42m'\n",
        "    !az login --tenant $tenant_id --use-device-code\n",
        "\n",
        "# Initializing Azure Storage and Azure Resource Python clients\n",
        "storage_client = StorageManagementClient(AzureCliCredential(), subscription_id = subscription_id)\n",
        "resource_client = ResourceManagementClient(AzureCliCredential(), subscription_id = subscription_id)\n",
        "\n",
        "# Set continuation_flag\n",
        "if resource_client == None:\n",
        "    continuation_flag = set_continuation_flag(False)\n",
        "else:\n",
        "    continuation_flag = set_continuation_flag(True)\n",
        "    print('Successfully signed in.')"
      ],
      "outputs": [],
      "execution_count": null,
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      }
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "# Select Azure Resource Group\n",
        "if continuation_flag:\n",
        "    group_list = resource_client.resource_groups.list()\n",
        "    group_dropdown = ipywidgets.Dropdown(options=sorted([g.name for g in group_list]), description='Groups:')\n",
        "    display(group_dropdown)"
      ],
      "outputs": [],
      "execution_count": null,
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    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "# Select Azure Storage Account\n",
        "if continuation_flag and group_dropdown.value != None:\n",
        "    resource_list = resource_client.resources.list_by_resource_group(\n",
        "        group_dropdown.value,\n",
        "        filter=\"resourceType eq 'Microsoft.Storage/storageAccounts'\",\n",
        "    )\n",
        "    storage_account_dropdown = ipywidgets.Dropdown(options=sorted([r.name for r in resource_list]), description='Accounts:')\n",
        "    display(storage_account_dropdown)\n",
        "else:\n",
        "    continuation_flag = set_continuation_flag(False)"
      ],
      "outputs": [],
      "execution_count": null,
      "metadata": {
        "collapsed": true,
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          "logged": 1717536908377
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        "jupyter": {
          "outputs_hidden": false,
          "source_hidden": false
        },
        "nteract": {
          "transient": {
            "deleting": false
          }
        }
      }
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "source": [
        "## 3. Scan Azure Blob for Leaking Credentials"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "nteract": {
          "transient": {
            "deleting": false
          }
        }
      }
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "# Select a blob container for a specified Azure Storage account\n",
        "if continuation_flag and storage_account_dropdown.value != None:\n",
        "    storage_keys = storage_client.storage_accounts.list_keys(group_dropdown.value,storage_account_dropdown.value)\n",
        "    if storage_keys != None:\n",
        "        storage_key = {v.key_name: v.value for v in storage_keys.keys}['key1']\n",
        "\n",
        "        blob_service_client = BlobServiceClient(\n",
        "            account_url=\"https://{0}.blob.core.windows.net\".format(storage_account_dropdown.value),\n",
        "            credential=storage_key\n",
        "        )\n",
        "        if blob_service_client != None:\n",
        "            container_list = blob_service_client.list_containers()\n",
        "            container_dropdown = ipywidgets.Dropdown(options=sorted([r.name for r in container_list]), description='Containers:')\n",
        "            display(container_dropdown)\n",
        "        else:\n",
        "            continuation_flag = set_continuation_flag(False)\n",
        "    else:\n",
        "        continuation_flag = set_continuation_flag(False)\n",
        "else:\n",
        "    continuation_flag = set_continuation_flag(False)"
      ],
      "outputs": [],
      "execution_count": null,
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        "jupyter": {
          "outputs_hidden": false,
          "source_hidden": false
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        "nteract": {
          "transient": {
            "deleting": false
          }
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      }
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "# Select a blob from a specified blob container\n",
        "if continuation_flag and container_dropdown.value != None:\n",
        "    container_client = blob_service_client.get_container_client(container_dropdown.value)\n",
        "    if container_client != None:\n",
        "        blob_list = container_client.list_blobs()\n",
        "        blob_dropdown = ipywidgets.Dropdown(options=sorted([r.name for r in blob_list]), description='Blobs:')\n",
        "        display(blob_dropdown)\n",
        "    else:\n",
        "        continuation_flag = set_continuation_flag(False)\n",
        "else:\n",
        "    continuation_flag = set_continuation_flag(False)"
      ],
      "outputs": [],
      "execution_count": null,
      "metadata": {
        "collapsed": true,
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        "jupyter": {
          "outputs_hidden": false,
          "source_hidden": false
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        "nteract": {
          "transient": {
            "deleting": false
          }
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      }
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "# Get blob content\n",
        "if continuation_flag and blob_dropdown.value != None:\n",
        "    selected_blob = container_client.download_blob(blob_dropdown.value)\n",
        "    if selected_blob != None:\n",
        "        content = get_file_content(selected_blob)\n",
        "    else:\n",
        "        continuation_flag = set_continuation_flag(False)\n",
        "else:\n",
        "    continuation_flag = set_continuation_flag(False)"
      ],
      "outputs": [],
      "execution_count": null,
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        "collapsed": true,
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          "logged": 1685048303926
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        "jupyter": {
          "outputs_hidden": false,
          "source_hidden": false
        },
        "nteract": {
          "transient": {
            "deleting": false
          }
        }
      }
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "# Run Regex strings on the file content\n",
        "import warnings\n",
        "warnings.filterwarnings('ignore')\n",
        "result_list = []\n",
        "csv_string = \"\"\n",
        "if continuation_flag and content != None:\n",
        "    has_leaking = False\n",
        "    regex_list = get_regex_list()\n",
        "    for regex in regex_list:\n",
        "        re.compile(regex)\n",
        "        results = re.findall(regex, content)\n",
        "        if results:\n",
        "            print(\"================================================\")\n",
        "            print(\"MATCHED REGEX:\\n\" + regex)\n",
        "            print(\"------------------------------------------------\")\n",
        "            print(\"FILE: \" + blob_dropdown.value + \"\\n\")\n",
        "            #print(content)\n",
        "            print(\"---------------MATCHED CONTENT -----------------\")\n",
        "            for result in results:\n",
        "                print(str(result))\n",
        "                csv_string = convert_result_to_string(result)\n",
        "                result_list.append(csv_string)   \n",
        "            print(\"================================================\")\n",
        "            has_leaking = True   \n",
        "    \n",
        "    if has_leaking == False:\n",
        "        print('No leaking data found')\n",
        "\n",
        "else:\n",
        "    continuation_flag = set_continuation_flag(False)"
      ],
      "outputs": [],
      "execution_count": null,
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          "outputs_hidden": false,
          "source_hidden": false
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        "nteract": {
          "transient": {
            "deleting": false
          }
        }
      }
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "# Save results to a csv file in the current file system\n",
        "if continuation_flag and len(result_list) > 0:\n",
        "    export_csv(\"credscan_blob.csv\", result_list)\n",
        "else:\n",
        "    print(\"No data\")"
      ],
      "outputs": [],
      "execution_count": null,
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