Awesome WebAssembly Runtimes

This repo contains a list of virtual machines and tools that execute the WebAssembly(wasm) format and/or compile it to executable machine code

Legend

🚀 - Active development
😴 - Unmaintained (been more than a year since last commit)

CMM of Wasm ^{^😴}
EOSVM ^{^🚀}
FDVM ^{^😴}
inNative ^{^🚀}
Life ^{^🚀}
Lucet ^{^🚀}
M3 ^{^🚀}
Motor ^{^😴}
py-wasm ^{^🚀}
Serverless Wasm ^{^😴}
Swam ^{^🚀}
VMIR ^{^😴}
wac ^{^🚀}
Wagon ^{^🚀}
WAKit ^{^🚀}
Warpy ^{^🚀}
Wasmer ^{^🚀}
Wasmo ^{^🚀}
WasmRT ^{^😴}
Wasmtime ^{^🚀}
WasmVM ^{^🚀}
WasmVM ^{^🚀}
WAVM ^{^🚀}
WebAssembly ^{^😴}
WebAssembly Micro Runtime ^{^🚀}
TWVM ^{^🚀}

CMM of Wasm ^top⇈

A compiler from WebAssembly to native code, via the OCaml backend.

Languages written in

OCaml
Compiler framework

OCaml Compiler
Compilation / Execution modes

AOT
Interoperability with other languages
- N/A
Non-MVP features supported
- N/A
Host APIs supported
- N/A
Non-web standards
- N/A
Used by
- N/A
Platforms supported

Linux macOS

EOSVM ^top⇈

EOS VM is designed from the ground up for the high demands of blockchain applications which require far more from a WebAssembly engine than those designed for web browsers or standards development.

Languages written in

C++
Compiler framework

Custom
Compilation / Execution modes

Interpreted
Interoperability with other languages
- N/A
Non-MVP features supported
- N/A
Host APIs supported
- N/A
Non-web standards
- N/A
Used by
- N/A
Platforms supported

Linux macOS Windows

FDVM ^top⇈

WASM runtime to develop server-side WebAssembly applications.

Languages written in

JavaScript
Compiler framework

NodeJS(V8)
Compilation / Execution modes

JIT
Interoperability with other languages
- N/A
Non-MVP features supported
- N/A
Host APIs supported
- N/A
Non-web standards
- N/A
Used by
- N/A
Platforms supported

Linux macOS Windows

inNative ^top⇈

An AOT (ahead-of-time) compiler for WebAssembly that creates C compatible binaries, either as sandboxed plugins you can dynamically load, or as stand-alone executables that interface directly with the operating system.

Languages written in

C++
Compiler framework

LLVM
Compilation / Execution modes

AOT
Interoperability with other languages
- N/A
Non-MVP features supported
- N/A
Host APIs supported
- N/A
Non-web standards
- N/A
Used by
- N/A
Platforms supported

Linux macOS Windows

Life ^top⇈

Life is a secure & fast WebAssembly VM built for decentralized applications, written in Go by Perlin Network.

Languages written in

Go
Compiler framework

Custom
Compilation / Execution modes

Interpreted
Interoperability with other languages
- N/A
Non-MVP features supported
- N/A
Host APIs supported
- N/A
Non-web standards
- N/A
Used by
- N/A
Platforms supported

Linux macOS Windows

Lucet ^top⇈

Lucet is a native WebAssembly compiler and runtime. It is designed to safely execute untrusted WebAssembly programs inside your application.

Languages written in

Rust
Compiler framework

Cranelift
Compilation / Execution modes

AOT
Interoperability with other languages
- N/A
Non-MVP features supported
- N/A
Host APIs supported

WASI
Non-web standards
- WASI
- wasm-c-api
Used by
- N/A
Platforms supported

Linux

M3/Wasm ^top⇈

WebAssembly interpreter written in C using a novel, high performance interpreter topology.

Languages written in

C
Compiler framework

Custom
Compilation / Execution modes

Interpreted
Interoperability with other languages
- N/A
Non-MVP features supported
- N/A
Host APIs supported
- N/A
Non-web standards
- N/A
Used by
- N/A
Platforms supported

Linux macOS Windows

Motor ^top⇈

Motor is a WebAssembly runtime, which aims for secure and efficient execution of WebAssembly programs

Languages written in

Rust
Compiler framework

Dynasm
Compilation / Execution modes

JIT
Interoperability with other languages
- N/A
Non-MVP features supported
- N/A
Host APIs supported
- N/A
Non-web standards
- N/A
Used by
- N/A
Platforms supported

Linux macOS

py-wasm ^top⇈

A python implementation of the WebAssembly interpreter

Languages written in

Python
Compiler framework

Custom
Compilation / Execution modes

Interpreted
Interoperability with other languages
- N/A
Non-MVP features supported
- N/A
Host APIs supported
- N/A
Non-web standards
- N/A
Used by
- N/A
Platforms supported

Linux macOS Windows

Serverless wasm ^top⇈

A small demo of Web Assembly's potential outside of browsers

Languages written in

Rust
Compiler framework

Wasmi Cranelift
Compilation / Execution modes

Interpreted JIT
Interoperability with other languages
- N/A
Non-MVP features supported
- N/A
Host APIs supported
- N/A
Non-web standards
- N/A
Used by
- N/A
Platforms supported

Linux macOS Windows

Swam ^top⇈

WebAssembly engine in Scala

Languages written in

Scala
Compiler framework

Custom
Compilation / Execution modes

Interpreted
Interoperability with other languages
- N/A
Non-MVP features supported
- N/A
Host APIs supported
- N/A
Non-web standards
- N/A
Used by
- N/A
Platforms supported

Linux macOS Windows

VMIR ^top⇈

VMIR is a standalone library written in C that can parse and execute WebAssembly and LLVM Bitcode files

Languages written in

C
Compiler framework

LLVM
Compilation / Execution modes

Interpreted JIT
Interoperability with other languages
- N/A
Non-MVP features supported
- N/A
Host APIs supported
- N/A
Non-web standards
- N/A
Used by
- N/A
- N/A
Platforms supported

Linux macOS Windows

wac ^top⇈

A Minimal WebAssembly interpreter written in C.

Languages written in

C
Compiler framework

Custom
Compilation / Execution modes

Interpreted
Interoperability with other languages
- N/A
Non-MVP features supported
- N/A
Host APIs supported
- N/A
Non-web standards
- N/A
Used by
- N/A
Platforms supported

Linux macOS Windows

wagon ^top⇈

Wagon is a WebAssembly-based interpreter in Go, for Go.

Languages written in

Go
Compiler framework

Custom
Compilation / Execution modes

Interpreted
Interoperability with other languages
- N/A
Non-MVP features supported
- N/A
Host APIs supported
- N/A
Non-web standards
- N/A
Used by
- N/A
Platforms supported

Linux macOS Windows

WAKit ^top⇈

A WebAssembly runtime written in Swift.

Languages written in

Swift
Compiler framework

Custom
Compilation / Execution modes

Interpreted
Interoperability with other languages
- N/A
Non-MVP features supported
- N/A
Host APIs supported
- N/A
Non-web standards
- N/A
Used by
- N/A
Platforms supported

Linux macOS

Warpy ^top⇈

WebAssembly interpreter in RPython.

Languages written in

RPython
Compiler framework

RPython
Compilation / Execution modes

JIT
Interoperability with other languages
- N/A
Non-MVP features supported
- N/A
Host APIs supported
- N/A
Non-web standards
- N/A
Used by
- N/A
Platforms supported

Linux macOS Windows

Wasmer ^top⇈

Wasmer is a standalone WebAssembly runtime for running WebAssembly outside of the browser, supporting WASI and Emscripten.

Languages written in

Rust C++
Compiler framework

Cranelift (Primary) Dynasm.rs LLVM
Compilation / Execution modes

JIT
Interoperability with other languages

PHP C C++ Python Go PHP Ruby Postgres C#/.Net R Swift
Non-MVP features supported

SIMD
Host APIs supported

Emscripten WASI
Non-web standards
- WASI
- wasm-c-api
Used by
- Spacemesh Virtual Machine - A Spacemesh smart contracts vm
Platforms supported

Linux macOS Windows

Wasmo ^top⇈

An Embeddable WebAssembly VM

Languages written in

Rust
Compiler framework

LLVM
Compilation / Execution modes

JIT
Interoperability with other languages
- N/A
Non-MVP features supported
- N/A
Host APIs supported
- N/A
Non-web standards
- N/A
Used by
- N/A
Platforms supported

Linux macOS Windows

wasmrt ^top⇈

wasmrt is a runtime built for native execution of WebAssembly modules (virtualized at first, eventually JIT).

Languages written in

C++
Compiler framework

Custom
Compilation / Execution modes

Interpreted
Interoperability with other languages
- N/A
Non-MVP features supported
- N/A
Host APIs supported
- N/A
Non-web standards
- N/A
Used by
- N/A
Platforms supported

Linux macOS Windows

Wasmtime ^top⇈

Wasmtime is a standalone wasm-only runtime for WebAssembly, using the Cranelift JIT

Languages written in

C++
Compiler framework

Cranelift
Compilation / Execution modes

JIT
Interoperability with other languages

Python
Non-MVP features supported

Interface types
Host APIs supported

WASI
Non-web standards
- WASI
- wasm-c-api
Used by
- N/A
Platforms supported

Linux macOS Windows

WasmVM ^top⇈

An unofficial standalone WebAssembly process virtual machine

Languages written in

C++
Compiler framework

Custom
Compilation / Execution modes

Interpreted
Interoperability with other languages
- N/A
Non-MVP features supported
- N/A
Host APIs supported
- N/A
Non-web standards
- N/A
Used by
- N/A
Platforms supported

Linux macOS Windows

wasmvm ^top⇈

WebAssembly Virtual Machine, which aim to fit embedded systems.

Languages written in

Rust
Compiler framework

Life
Compilation / Execution modes

Interpreted
Interoperability with other languages
- N/A
Non-MVP features supported
- N/A
Host APIs supported
- N/A
Non-web standards
- N/A
Used by
- N/A
Platforms supported

Linux macOS Windows

WAVM ^top⇈

WebAssembly Virtual Machine, which aim to fit embedded systems.

Languages written in

C++ Python
Compiler framework

LLVM
Compilation / Execution modes

JIT
Interoperability with other languages
- N/A

Non-MVP features supported

Threads

SIMD

Multiple Result and Block Parameters

Exception Handling

Name Section

Reference Types

Bulk Memory Operations

Sign Extension Instructions

Host APIs supported

WASI Emscripten WAVIX
Non-web standards
- WASI
Used by
- N/A
Platforms supported

Linux macOS Windows

webassembly ^top⇈

An experimental, minimal toolkit and runtime on top of node to produce and run WebAssembly modules

Languages written in

JavaScript
Compiler framework

NodeJS(V8)
Compilation / Execution modes

JIT
Interoperability with other languages
- N/A
Non-MVP features supported
- N/A
Host APIs supported
- N/A
Non-web standards
- N/A
Used by
- N/A
Platforms supported

Linux macOS Windows

WebAssembly Micro Runtime ^top⇈

WebAssembly Micro Runtime (WAMR) is a standalone WebAssembly (WASM) runtime with small footprint

Languages written in

C
Compiler framework

Custom
Compilation / Execution modes

Interpreted
Interoperability with other languages
- N/A
Non-MVP features supported
- N/A
Host APIs supported
- N/A
Non-web standards
- N/A
Used by
- N/A
Platforms supported

Linux macOS Windows

TWVM ^top⇈

A tiny and efficient WebAssembly virtual machine.

Languages written in

C++
Compiler framework

Custom
Compilation / Execution modes

Interpreted
Interoperability with other languages
- N/A
Non-MVP features supported
- N/A
Host APIs supported
- N/A
Non-web standards
- N/A
Used by
- N/A
Platforms supported

Linux macOS Windows

License

To the extent possible under law, Steve Akinyemi has waived all copyright and related or neighboring rights to this work.

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Awesome WebAssembly Runtimes

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CONTENTS

CMM of Wasm ^top⇈

EOSVM ^top⇈

FDVM ^top⇈

inNative ^top⇈

Life ^top⇈

Lucet ^top⇈

M3/Wasm ^top⇈

Motor ^top⇈

py-wasm ^top⇈

Serverless wasm ^top⇈

Swam ^top⇈

VMIR ^top⇈

wac ^top⇈

wagon ^top⇈

WAKit ^top⇈

Warpy ^top⇈

Wasmer ^top⇈

Wasmo ^top⇈

wasmrt ^top⇈

Wasmtime ^top⇈

WasmVM ^top⇈

wasmvm ^top⇈

WAVM ^top⇈

webassembly ^top⇈

WebAssembly Micro Runtime ^top⇈

TWVM ^top⇈

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Awesome WebAssembly Runtimes

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