Advancing Semantic Similarity Analysis of Phenotypic Data Stored in GA4GH Standards and Beyond

Documentation: https://cnag-biomedical-informatics.github.io/pheno-ranker

Google Colab tutorial: https://colab.research.google.com/drive/1n3Etu4fnwuDWNveSMb1SzuN50O2a05Rg

CLI Source Code: https://github.com/cnag-biomedical-informatics/pheno-ranker

Web App UI Source Code: https://github.com/cnag-biomedical-informatics/pheno-ranker-ui

CPAN Distribution: https://metacpan.org/pod/Pheno::Ranker

Docker Hub Image: https://hub.docker.com/r/manuelrueda/pheno-ranker/tags

NAME

pheno-ranker: A script that performs semantic similarity in PXF/BFF data structures and beyond (JSON|YAML)

SYNOPSIS

pheno-ranker -r <individuals.json> -t <patient.json> [-options]

 Arguments:
   * Cohort mode:
     -r, --reference <file>       BFF/PXF file(s) in JSON or YAML format (array or object)

   * Patient mode:
     -t, --target <file>          BFF/PXF file in JSON or YAML format (object or array of 1 object)

 Options:
   -age                           Include age-related variables; excludes agent-like terms (BFF/PXF-only) [>no-age|age]
   -a, --align [path/basename]    Write alignment file(s). If not specified, default filenames are used [default: alignment.*]
   -append-prefixes <prefixes>    Prefixes for primary_key when #cohorts >= 2 [default: C]
   -config <file>                 YAML config file to modify default parameters [default: share/conf/config.yaml]
   -cytoscape-json [file]         Serializes the pairwise comparison matrix as an undirected graph in JSON, compatible with Cytoscape [default: graph.json]
   -e, --export [path/basename]   Export miscellaneous JSON files. If not specified, default filenames are used [default: export.*]
   -exclude-terms <terms>         Exclude BFF/PXF terms (e.g., --exclude-terms sex, id)
   -graph-stats [file]            Generates a text file with key graph metrics, for use with <-cytoscape-json>
   -include-hpo-ascendants        Include ascendant terms from the Human Phenotype Ontology (HPO)
   -include-terms <terms>         Include BFF/PXF terms (e.g., --include-terms diseases)
   -max-number-var <number>       Maximum variables for binary string [default: 10000]
   -max-out <number>              Print only N comparisons [default: 50]
   -o, --out-file <file>          Output file path [default: -r matrix.txt | -t rank.txt]
   -poi, --patients-of-interest <id_list>   Export JSON files for the selected individual IDs during a dry-run
   -poi-out-dir <directory>       Directory for JSON files (used with --poi)
   -similarity-metric-cohort <metric>  Similarity metric for cohort mode [>hamming|jaccard]
   -sort-by <metric>              Sort by Hamming distance or Jaccard index [>hamming|jaccard]
   -w, --weights <file>           YAML file with weights

 Generic Options:
   -debug <level>                 Print debugging (from 1 to 5, being 5 max)
   -h, --help                     Brief help message
   -log                           Save log file [default: pheno-ranker-log.json]
   -man                           Full documentation
   -no-color                      Toggle color output [>color|no-color]
   -v, --verbose                  Verbosity on
   -V, --version                  Print version

DESCRIPTION

pheno-ranker: A script that performs semantic similarity in PXF/BFF data structures and beyond (JSON|YAML)

The script also accepts CSV files that have been pre-processed using the csv2pheno-ranker utility (included).

SUMMARY

Pheno-Ranker is a lightweight and easily to install tool specifically designed for performing semantic similarity analysis on phenotypic data structured in JSON format, such as Beacon v2 Models or Phenopackets v2.

INSTALLATION

Containerized

Method 1: From Docker Hub

Download a docker image (latest version - amd64|x86-64) from Docker Hub by executing:

docker pull manuelrueda/pheno-ranker:latest
docker image tag manuelrueda/pheno-ranker:latest cnag/pheno-ranker:latest

See additional instructions below.

Method 2: With Dockerfile

Please download the Dockerfile from the repo:

wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/cnag-biomedical-informatics/pheno-ranker/main/Dockerfile

And then run:

docker buildx build -t cnag/pheno-ranker:latest .

Additional instructions for Methods 1 and 2

To run the container (detached) execute:

docker run -tid -e USERNAME=root --name pheno-ranker cnag/pheno-ranker:latest

To enter:

docker exec -ti pheno-ranker bash

The command-line executable can be found at:

/usr/share/pheno-ranker/bin/pheno-ranker

The default container user is root but you can also run the container as $UID=1000 (dockeruser).

 docker run --user 1000 -tid --name pheno-ranker cnag/pheno-ranker:latest

Mounting volumes

Docker containers are fully isolated. If you need the mount a volume to the container please use the following syntax (-v host:container). Find an example below (note that you need to change the paths to match yours):

docker run -tid --volume /media/mrueda/4TBT/data:/data --name pheno-ranker-mount cnag/pheno-ranker:latest

Then I will do something like this:

# First I create an alias to simplify invocation (from the host)
alias pheno-ranker='docker exec -ti pheno-ranker-mount /usr/share/pheno-ranker/bin/pheno-ranker'

# Now I use the alias to run the command (note that I use the flag --o to specify the filepath)
pheno-ranker -r /data/individuals.json -o /data/matrix.txt

Non containerized

The script runs on command-line Linux and it has been tested on Debian/RedHat/MacOS based distributions (only showing commands for Debian's). Perl 5 is installed by default on Linux, but we will install a few CPAN modules with cpanminus.

From Github

git clone https://github.com/cnag-biomedical-informatics/pheno-ranker.git
cd pheno-ranker

Install system level dependencies:

sudo apt-get install cpanminus libperl-dev

Now you have two choose between one of the 2 options below:

Option 1: Install dependencies (they're harmless to your system) as sudo:

cpanm --notest --sudo --installdeps .
bin/pheno-ranker --help            

Option 2: Install the dependencies at ~/perl5:

cpanm --local-lib=~/perl5 local::lib && eval $(perl -I ~/perl5/lib/perl5/ -Mlocal::lib)
cpanm --notest --installdeps .
bin/pheno-ranker --help

To ensure Perl recognizes your local modules every time you start a new terminal, you should type:

echo 'eval $(perl -I ~/perl5/lib/perl5/ -Mlocal::lib)' >> ~/.bashrc

Optional: If you want to use utils/barcode or utils/bff_pxf_plot:

sudo apt-get install python3-pip libzbar0
pip3 install -r requirements.txt

From CPAN

First install system level dependencies:

sudo apt-get install cpanminus libperl-dev

Now you have two choose between one of the 2 options below:

Option 1: System-level installation:

cpanm --notest --sudo Pheno::Ranker
pheno-ranker -h

Option 2: Install Pheno-Ranker and the dependencies at ~/perl5

cpanm --local-lib=~/perl5 local::lib && eval $(perl -I ~/perl5/lib/perl5/ -Mlocal::lib)
cpanm --notest Pheno::Ranker
pheno-ranker --help

To ensure Perl recognizes your local modules every time you start a new terminal, you should type:

echo 'eval $(perl -I ~/perl5/lib/perl5/ -Mlocal::lib)' >> ~/.bashrc

System requirements

* Ideally a Debian-based distribution (Ubuntu or Mint), but any other (e.g., CentOs, OpenSuse) should do as well.
* Perl 5 (>= 5.26 core; installed by default in most Linux distributions). Check the version with "perl -v".
* >= 4GB of RAM
* 1 core
* At least 16GB HDD

HOW TO RUN PHENO-RANKER

For executing pheno-ranker you will need a PXF/BFF file(s) in JSON|YAML format. The reference cohort must be a JSON array, where each individual data are consolidated in one object.

There are two modes of operation:

• Cohort mode:

  Intra-cohort: With --r argument and 1 cohort.

  Inter-cohort: With --r and multiple cohort files. It can be used in combination with --append-prefixes to add prefixes to each individual id.

• Patient Mode:

  With -r reference cohort(s) and --t patient data.

Examples:

$ ./pheno-ranker -r phenopackets.json  # intra-cohort

$ ./pheno-ranker -r phenopackets.yaml -o my_matrix.txt # intra-cohort

$ ./pheno-ranker -r phenopackets.json -w weights.yaml --exclude-terms sex ethnicity exposures # intra-cohort with weights

$ $path/pheno-ranker -r individuals.json others.yaml --append-prefixes CANCER CONTROL  # inter-cohort

$ $path/pheno-ranker -r individuals.json -t patient.yaml -max-out 100 # mode patient

COMMON ERRORS AND SOLUTIONS

* Error message: R plotting
    Error in scan(file = file, what = what, sep = sep, quote = quote, dec = dec,  : 
    line 1 did not have X elements
    Calls: as.matrix -> read.table -> scan
    Execution halted
  Solution: Make sure that the values of your primary key (e.g., "id") do not contain spaces (e.g., "my fav id" must be "my_fav_id")

* Error message: Foo
  Solution: Bar

CITATION

The author requests that any published work that utilizes Pheno-Ranker includes a cite to the the following reference:

Leist, I.C. et al., (2024). Advancing Semantic Similarity Analysis of Phenotypic Data Stored in GA4GH Standards and Beyond. Submitted.

AUTHOR

Written by Manuel Rueda, PhD. Info about CNAG can be found at https://www.cnag.eu.

COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE

This PERL file is copyrighted. See the LICENSE file included in this distribution.