CHOICE Map Router

What is this?

This is a Node.js app that shows what devices are connected to a Raspberry Pi-based router by their hostname.

It also:

• Creates a new Wi-Fi access point and can bridge an Internet connection from an existing router or modem.
• Shows a notification when a device that hasn't been seen before connects to the router.
• Provides the option to block a new device from connecting to the router, immediately or after some time has passed.
• Persists what devices have been seen and what has been blocked between sessions.
• Allows an icon to be assigned to a device to help people identify them.

Requirements

Hardware

• Raspberry Pi 2 B+
• microSD card
• Compatible USB Wi-Fi adaptor (tested with TP-LINK TL-WN823N)
• Screen for Raspberry Pi
• External power supply
• Ethernet cable
• Router/modem with Internet access

Software

• Raspbian with Pixel (tested with version 2016-11-25, Download ZIP)
• Node.js v6.9.4
• Chromium

Installation

Prepare Raspberry Pi

1. Install the screen.
2. Copy Raspbian to a microSD card, insert into the Raspberry Pi and power on.
3. Configure the orientation of the touch screen by running sudo nano /boot/config.txt and appending lcd_rotate=2. Reboot.
4. Run sudo raspi-config to expand the filesystem, enable SSH and change the hostname to something like choice-router. Reboot.
5. Run passwd to change the default password.
6. Install latest updates with sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get upgrade -y. Reboot.
7. If required, install drivers for the USB Wi-Fi adaptor. The TP-LINK TL-WN823N was installed with these commands:

wget https://dl.dropboxusercontent.com/u/80256631/install-wifi.tar.gz
tar xzf install-wifi.tar.gz
sudo ./install-wifi
sudo reboot

Create Wi-Fi access point

1. Install dependencies with sudo apt-get install hostapd isc-dhcp-server netatalk iptables-persistent -y. Note: iptables-persistent will prompt you twice. Answer "Yes" each time.
2. Run sudo nano /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf.
3. Comment out these lines:

option domain-name "example.org";
option domain-name-servers ns1.example.org, ns2.example.org;

4. Uncomment this line:

authoritative;

5. Add these lines to the bottom of the file:

subnet 192.168.42.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
    range 192.168.42.10 192.168.42.50;
    option broadcast-address 192.168.42.255;
    option routers 192.168.42.1;
    default-lease-time 600;
    max-lease-time 7200;
    option domain-name "local";
    option domain-name-servers 8.8.8.8, 8.8.4.4;
}

6. Save and exit.
7. Run sudo nano /etc/default/isc-dhcp-server.
8. Find INTERFACES="" and change it to INTERFACES="wlan0".
9. Save this file and exit.
10. Run sudo ifdown wlan0 to turn off the Wi-Fi adaptor.
11. Run sudo nano /etc/network/interfaces.
12. Replace the entire file with the following:

auto lo

iface lo inet loopback
iface eth0 inet dhcp

allow-hotplug wlan0
iface wlan0 inet static
    address 192.168.42.1
    netmask 255.255.255.0

13. Save and exit.
14. Run sudo ifconfig wlan0 192.168.42.1.
15. Run sudo nano /etc/hostapd/hostapd.conf.
16. Paste the following into the file. Change wpa_passphrase=XXXXXX to something else.

interface=wlan0
ssid=CHOICE-Router
country_code=US
hw_mode=g
channel=6
macaddr_acl=0
auth_algs=1
ignore_broadcast_ssid=0
wpa=2
wpa_passphrase=XXXXXX
wpa_key_mgmt=WPA-PSK
wpa_pairwise=CCMP
wpa_group_rekey=86400
ieee80211n=1
wme_enabled=1
ctrl_interface=/var/run/hostapd

17. Save and exit.
18. Run sudo nano /etc/default/hostapd.
19. Change #DAEMON_CONF="" to DAEMON_CONF="/etc/hostapd/hostapd.conf".
20. Save and exit.
21. Run sudo nano /etc/init.d/hostapd.
22. Change DAEMON_CONF= to DAEMON_CONF=/etc/hostapd/hostapd.conf
23. Save and exit.
24. Run sudo nano /etc/sysctl.conf.
25. At the bottom of the file add net.ipv4.ip_forward=1.
26. Save and exit.
27. Run the following commands:

sudo sh -c "echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward"
sudo iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o eth0 -j MASQUERADE
sudo iptables -A FORWARD -i eth0 -o wlan0 -m state --state RELATED,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT
sudo iptables -A FORWARD -i wlan0 -o eth0 -j ACCEPT
sudo sh -c "iptables-save > /etc/iptables/rules.v4"

28. Run sudo /usr/sbin/hostapd /etc/hostapd/hostapd.conf and check if the Wi-Fi access point has started. Press CTRL + C to exit this test.
29. Run the following commands:

sudo service hostapd start
sudo service isc-dhcp-server start
sudo update-rc.d hostapd enable
sudo update-rc.d isc-dhcp-server enable

30. Reboot.

Install Node.js

1. Download Node.js with wget https://nodejs.org/dist/v6.9.4/node-v6.9.4-linux-armv7l.tar.gz.
2. Extract it with tar -xvf node-v6.9.4-linux-armv7l.tar.gz.
3. Move into the extracted folder with cd node-v6.9.4-linux-armv7l.
4. Install Node.js with sudo cp -R * /usr/local/.
5. Test the installation by running node -v && npm -v.

Install this app

1. Clone this repository with git clone https://github.com/Choice-IF-Collaborations/map-router-app.git.
2. Move into the repository folder with cd map-router-app.
3. Run npm install to download it's dependencies.
4. Run cp router.db.empty router.db to create a blank database file.

Usage

• The Wi-Fi access point should be immediately usable.
• The app is started by running sudo node index.js inside the repository. It must be run as sudo allow device blocking to work.
• The interface can be accessed in Chromium at http://localhost:3000.
• The database file can be reset by running cp router.db.empty router.db again and can be edited on macOS with DB Browser for SQLite.
• This file changes /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf to block devices and reads /var/lib/dhcp/dhcpd.leases to get hostnames.

References

• Wi-Fi access point instructions adapted from this tutorial on Adafruit.