[Port dspace-7_x] Ensures CSRF token is initialized prior to first modifying (non-GET) request

[tdonohue]

Description

• Manual port of Ensures CSRF token is initialized prior to first modifying (non-GET) request #2886 to dspace-7_x
• Also includes commit d2ec558 of Fixes for #2891 #2889 #2897, which refactored that new CSRF token code into a request effect.
• Requires backend port in [Port dspace-7_x] Add a GET /csrf endpoint to allow for forcing refresh of CSRF token DSpace#9599
• Fixes Bug in statistics gathering upon first visit of repository DSpace#9236

Instructions for Reviewers

• Install this PR and Backend PR [Port dspace-7_x] Add a GET /csrf endpoint to allow for forcing refresh of CSRF token DSpace#9599
• Verify bug Bug in statistics gathering upon first visit of repository DSpace#9236 no longer occurs. This issue is easily reproducible on https://demo.dspace.org

[tdonohue]

NOTE: The e2e test failures in this PR are the result of the Backend PR (DSpace/DSpace#9599) not yet being merged. I've verified locally (via yarn e2e) that all e2e tests succeed when run against the Backend PR.

[tdonohue]

👍 I've tested this locally alongside DSpace/DSpace#9599 and verified that this functionality is successfully backported. Namely:

• On first request to the homepage, the POST /server/api/statistics/viewevents call always succeeds now. Previously it would often fail because the CSRF token would not yet be initialized.
• When that first request occurs, I can verify (from the backend dspace.log) that the new /api/security/csrf endpoint was called to obtain the initial token. In that scenario, you'll see this in the logs:

  2024-05-17 16:47:45,267 INFO  unknown 373bb807-3346-4813-8120-bc6942b629cc org.dspace.app.rest.utils.DSpaceAPIRequestLoggingFilter @ Before request [GET /server/api/security/csrf] originated from /
  

[github-actions]

Hi @tdonohue,
Conflicts have been detected against the base branch.
Please resolve these conflicts as soon as you can. Thanks!

[tdonohue]

I rebased this on dspace-7_x after a very minor merge conflict with latest dspace-7_x (in a edit-relationship-list.component.spec.ts).