refactor: Rewrite AMF and property behavior logic to use smart pointers, references, and string_views over raw pointers and std::string&

dCommon/AMFDeserialize.cpp

@@ -9,30 +9,30 @@
  * AMF3 Deserializer written by EmosewaMC
  */
 
-AMFBaseValue* AMFDeserialize::Read(RakNet::BitStream& inStream) {
-	AMFBaseValue* returnValue = nullptr;
+std::unique_ptr<AMFBaseValue> AMFDeserialize::Read(RakNet::BitStream& inStream) {
+	std::unique_ptr<AMFBaseValue> returnValue = nullptr;
 	// Read in the value type from the bitStream
 	eAmf marker;
 	inStream.Read(marker);
 	// Based on the typing, create the value associated with that and return the base value class
 	switch (marker) {
 	case eAmf::Undefined: {
-		returnValue = new AMFBaseValue();
+		returnValue = std::make_unique<AMFBaseValue>();
 		break;
 	}
 
 	case eAmf::Null: {
-		returnValue = new AMFNullValue();
+		returnValue = std::make_unique<AMFNullValue>();
 		break;
 	}
 
 	case eAmf::False: {
-		returnValue = new AMFBoolValue(false);
+		returnValue = std::make_unique<AMFBoolValue>(false);
 		break;
 	}
 
 	case eAmf::True: {
-		returnValue = new AMFBoolValue(true);
+		returnValue = std::make_unique<AMFBoolValue>(true);
 		break;
 	}
 
@@ -118,14 +118,14 @@ const std::string AMFDeserialize::ReadString(RakNet::BitStream& inStream) {
 	}
 }
 
-AMFBaseValue* AMFDeserialize::ReadAmfDouble(RakNet::BitStream& inStream) {
+std::unique_ptr<AMFDoubleValue> AMFDeserialize::ReadAmfDouble(RakNet::BitStream& inStream) {
 	double value;
 	inStream.Read<double>(value);
-	return new AMFDoubleValue(value);
+	return std::make_unique<AMFDoubleValue>(value);
 }
 
-AMFBaseValue* AMFDeserialize::ReadAmfArray(RakNet::BitStream& inStream) {
-	auto arrayValue = new AMFArrayValue();
+std::unique_ptr<AMFArrayValue> AMFDeserialize::ReadAmfArray(RakNet::BitStream& inStream) {
+	auto arrayValue = std::make_unique<AMFArrayValue>();
 
 	// Read size of dense array
 	const auto sizeOfDenseArray = (ReadU29(inStream) >> 1);
@@ -143,10 +143,10 @@ AMFBaseValue* AMFDeserialize::ReadAmfArray(RakNet::BitStream& inStream) {
 	return arrayValue;
 }
 
-AMFBaseValue* AMFDeserialize::ReadAmfString(RakNet::BitStream& inStream) {
-	return new AMFStringValue(ReadString(inStream));
+std::unique_ptr<AMFStringValue> AMFDeserialize::ReadAmfString(RakNet::BitStream& inStream) {
+	return std::make_unique<AMFStringValue>(ReadString(inStream));
 }
 
-AMFBaseValue* AMFDeserialize::ReadAmfInteger(RakNet::BitStream& inStream) {
-	return new AMFIntValue(ReadU29(inStream));
+std::unique_ptr<AMFIntValue> AMFDeserialize::ReadAmfInteger(RakNet::BitStream& inStream) {
+	return std::make_unique<AMFIntValue>(ReadU29(inStream)); // NOTE: NARROWING CONVERSION FROM UINT TO INT. IS THIS INTENDED?
 }

dCommon/AMFDeserialize.h

@@ -1,12 +1,12 @@
 #pragma once
 
+#include "Amf3.h"
 #include "BitStream.h"
 
+#include <memory>
 #include <vector>
 #include <string>
 
-class AMFBaseValue;
-
 class AMFDeserialize {
 public:
 	/**
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ class AMFDeserialize {
 	 * @param inStream inStream to read value from.
 	 * @return Returns an AMFValue with all the information from the bitStream in it.
 	 */
-	AMFBaseValue* Read(RakNet::BitStream& inStream);
+	std::unique_ptr<AMFBaseValue> Read(RakNet::BitStream& inStream);
 private:
 	/**
 	 * @brief Private method to read a U29 integer from a bitstream
@@ -39,31 +39,31 @@ class AMFDeserialize {
 	 * @param inStream bitStream to read data from
 	 * @return Double value represented as an AMFValue
 	 */
-	AMFBaseValue* ReadAmfDouble(RakNet::BitStream& inStream);
+	static std::unique_ptr<AMFDoubleValue> ReadAmfDouble(RakNet::BitStream& inStream);
 
 	/**
 	 * @brief Read an AMFArray from a bitStream
 	 *
 	 * @param inStream bitStream to read data from
 	 * @return Array value represented as an AMFValue
 	 */
-	AMFBaseValue* ReadAmfArray(RakNet::BitStream& inStream);
+	std::unique_ptr<AMFArrayValue> ReadAmfArray(RakNet::BitStream& inStream);
 
 	/**
 	 * @brief Read an AMFString from a bitStream
 	 *
 	 * @param inStream bitStream to read data from
 	 * @return String value represented as an AMFValue
 	 */
-	AMFBaseValue* ReadAmfString(RakNet::BitStream& inStream);
+	std::unique_ptr<AMFStringValue> ReadAmfString(RakNet::BitStream& inStream);
 
 	/**
 	 * @brief Read an AMFInteger from a bitStream
 	 *
 	 * @param inStream bitStream to read data from
 	 * @return Integer value represented as an AMFValue
 	 */
-	AMFBaseValue* ReadAmfInteger(RakNet::BitStream& inStream);
+	static std::unique_ptr<AMFIntValue> ReadAmfInteger(RakNet::BitStream& inStream);
 
 	/**
 	 * List of strings read so far saved to be read by reference.

dCommon/Amf3.h

@@ -105,27 +105,14 @@ using AMFDoubleValue = AMFValue<double>;
  * and are not to be deleted by a caller.
  */
 class AMFArrayValue : public AMFBaseValue {
-	using AMFAssociative = std::unordered_map<std::string, AMFBaseValue*>;
-	using AMFDense = std::vector<AMFBaseValue*>;
+	using AMFAssociative =
+		std::unordered_map<std::string, std::unique_ptr<AMFBaseValue>, GeneralUtils::transparent_string_hash, std::equal_to<>>;
+
+	using AMFDense = std::vector<std::unique_ptr<AMFBaseValue>>;
 
 public:
 	[[nodiscard]] constexpr eAmf GetValueType() const noexcept override { return eAmf::Array; }
 
-	~AMFArrayValue() override {
-		for (const auto* valueToDelete : GetDense()) {
-			if (valueToDelete) {
-				delete valueToDelete;
-				valueToDelete = nullptr;
-			}
-		}
-		for (auto valueToDelete : GetAssociative()) {
-			if (valueToDelete.second) {
-				delete valueToDelete.second;
-				valueToDelete.second = nullptr;
-			}
-		}
-	}
-
 	/**
 	 * Returns the Associative portion of the object
 	 */
@@ -151,46 +138,46 @@ class AMFArrayValue : public AMFBaseValue {
 	 * or nullptr if a key existed and was not the same type
 	 */
 	template <typename ValueType>
-	[[maybe_unused]] std::pair<AMFValue<ValueType>*, bool> Insert(const std::string& key, const ValueType value) {
+	[[maybe_unused]] std::pair<AMFValue<ValueType>*, bool> Insert(const std::string_view key, const ValueType value) {
 		const auto element = m_Associative.find(key);
 		AMFValue<ValueType>* val = nullptr;
 		bool found = true;
 		if (element == m_Associative.cend()) {
-			val = new AMFValue<ValueType>(value);
-			m_Associative.emplace(key, val);
+			auto newVal = std::make_unique<AMFValue<ValueType>>(value);
+			val = newVal.get();
+			m_Associative.emplace(key, std::move(newVal));
 		} else {
-			val = dynamic_cast<AMFValue<ValueType>*>(element->second);
+			val = dynamic_cast<AMFValue<ValueType>*>(element->second.get());
 			found = false;
 		}
 		return std::make_pair(val, found);
 	}
 
 	// Associates an array with a string key
-	[[maybe_unused]] std::pair<AMFBaseValue*, bool> Insert(const std::string& key) {
+	[[maybe_unused]] std::pair<AMFBaseValue*, bool> Insert(const std::string_view key) {
 		const auto element = m_Associative.find(key);
 		AMFArrayValue* val = nullptr;
 		bool found = true;
 		if (element == m_Associative.cend()) {
-			val = new AMFArrayValue();
-			m_Associative.emplace(key, val);
+			auto newVal = std::make_unique<AMFArrayValue>();
+			val = newVal.get();
+			m_Associative.emplace(key, std::move(newVal));
 		} else {
-			val = dynamic_cast<AMFArrayValue*>(element->second);
+			val = dynamic_cast<AMFArrayValue*>(element->second.get());
 			found = false;
 		}
 		return std::make_pair(val, found);
 	}
 
 	// Associates an array with an integer key
 	[[maybe_unused]] std::pair<AMFBaseValue*, bool> Insert(const size_t index) {
-		AMFArrayValue* val = nullptr;
 		bool inserted = false;
 		if (index >= m_Dense.size()) {
 			m_Dense.resize(index + 1);
-			val = new AMFArrayValue();
-			m_Dense.at(index) = val;
+			m_Dense.at(index) = std::make_unique<AMFArrayValue>();
 			inserted = true;
 		}
-		return std::make_pair(dynamic_cast<AMFArrayValue*>(m_Dense.at(index)), inserted);
+		return std::make_pair(dynamic_cast<AMFArrayValue*>(m_Dense.at(index).get()), inserted);
 	}
 
 	/**
@@ -205,15 +192,13 @@ class AMFArrayValue : public AMFBaseValue {
 	 */
 	template <typename ValueType>
 	[[maybe_unused]] std::pair<AMFValue<ValueType>*, bool> Insert(const size_t index, const ValueType value) {
-		AMFValue<ValueType>* val = nullptr;
 		bool inserted = false;
 		if (index >= m_Dense.size()) {
 			m_Dense.resize(index + 1);
-			val = new AMFValue<ValueType>(value);
-			m_Dense.at(index) = val;
+			m_Dense.at(index) = std::make_unique<AMFValue<ValueType>>(value);
 			inserted = true;
 		}
-		return std::make_pair(dynamic_cast<AMFValue<ValueType>*>(m_Dense.at(index)), inserted);
+		return std::make_pair(dynamic_cast<AMFValue<ValueType>*>(m_Dense.at(index).get()), inserted);
 	}
 
 	/**
@@ -225,13 +210,12 @@ class AMFArrayValue : public AMFBaseValue {
 	 * @param key The key to associate with the value
 	 * @param value The value to insert
 	 */
-	void Insert(const std::string& key, AMFBaseValue* const value) {
+	void Insert(const std::string_view key, std::unique_ptr<AMFBaseValue> value) {
 		const auto element = m_Associative.find(key);
 		if (element != m_Associative.cend() && element->second) {
-			delete element->second;
-			element->second = value;
+			element->second = std::move(value);
 		} else {
-			m_Associative.emplace(key, value);
+			m_Associative.emplace(key, std::move(value));
 		}
 	}
 
@@ -244,14 +228,11 @@ class AMFArrayValue : public AMFBaseValue {
 	 * @param key The key to associate with the value
 	 * @param value The value to insert
 	 */
-	void Insert(const size_t index, AMFBaseValue* const value) {
-		if (index < m_Dense.size()) {
-			const AMFDense::const_iterator itr = m_Dense.cbegin() + index;
-			if (*itr) delete m_Dense.at(index);
-		} else {
+	void Insert(const size_t index, std::unique_ptr<AMFBaseValue> value) {
+		if (index >= m_Dense.size()) {
 			m_Dense.resize(index + 1);
 		}
-		m_Dense.at(index) = value;
+		m_Dense.at(index) = std::move(value);
 	}
 
 	/**
@@ -279,8 +260,7 @@ class AMFArrayValue : public AMFBaseValue {
 	void Remove(const std::string& key, const bool deleteValue = true) {
 		const AMFAssociative::const_iterator it = m_Associative.find(key);
 		if (it != m_Associative.cend()) {
-			if (deleteValue) delete it->second;
-			m_Associative.erase(it);
+			if (deleteValue) m_Associative.erase(it);
 		}
 	}
 
@@ -290,7 +270,6 @@ class AMFArrayValue : public AMFBaseValue {
 	void Remove(const size_t index) {
 		if (!m_Dense.empty() && index < m_Dense.size()) {
 			const auto itr = m_Dense.cbegin() + index;
-			if (*itr) delete (*itr);
 			m_Dense.erase(itr);
 		}
 	}
@@ -299,16 +278,16 @@ class AMFArrayValue : public AMFBaseValue {
 		if (!m_Dense.empty()) Remove(m_Dense.size() - 1);
 	}
 
-	[[nodiscard]] AMFArrayValue* GetArray(const std::string& key) const {
+	[[nodiscard]] AMFArrayValue* GetArray(const std::string_view key) const {
 		const AMFAssociative::const_iterator it = m_Associative.find(key);
-		return it != m_Associative.cend() ? dynamic_cast<AMFArrayValue*>(it->second) : nullptr;
+		return it != m_Associative.cend() ? dynamic_cast<AMFArrayValue*>(it->second.get()) : nullptr;
 	}
 
 	[[nodiscard]] AMFArrayValue* GetArray(const size_t index) const {
-		return index < m_Dense.size() ? dynamic_cast<AMFArrayValue*>(m_Dense.at(index)) : nullptr;
+		return index < m_Dense.size() ? dynamic_cast<AMFArrayValue*>(m_Dense.at(index).get()) : nullptr;
 	}
 
-	[[maybe_unused]] inline AMFArrayValue* InsertArray(const std::string& key) {
+	[[maybe_unused]] inline AMFArrayValue* InsertArray(const std::string_view key) {
 		return static_cast<AMFArrayValue*>(Insert(key).first);
 	}
 
@@ -330,17 +309,17 @@ class AMFArrayValue : public AMFBaseValue {
 	 * @return The AMFValue
 	 */
 	template <typename AmfType>
-	[[nodiscard]] AMFValue<AmfType>* Get(const std::string& key) const {
+	[[nodiscard]] AMFValue<AmfType>* Get(const std::string_view key) const {
 		const AMFAssociative::const_iterator it = m_Associative.find(key);
 		return it != m_Associative.cend() ?
-			dynamic_cast<AMFValue<AmfType>*>(it->second) :
+			dynamic_cast<AMFValue<AmfType>*>(it->second.get()) :
 			nullptr;
 	}
 
 	// Get from the array but dont cast it
-	[[nodiscard]] AMFBaseValue* Get(const std::string& key) const {
+	[[nodiscard]] AMFBaseValue* Get(const std::string_view key) const {
 		const AMFAssociative::const_iterator it = m_Associative.find(key);
-		return it != m_Associative.cend() ? it->second : nullptr;
+		return it != m_Associative.cend() ? it->second.get() : nullptr;
 	}
 
 	/**
@@ -355,13 +334,13 @@ class AMFArrayValue : public AMFBaseValue {
 	template <typename AmfType>
 	[[nodiscard]] AMFValue<AmfType>* Get(const size_t index) const {
 		return index < m_Dense.size() ?
-			dynamic_cast<AMFValue<AmfType>*>(m_Dense.at(index)) :
+			dynamic_cast<AMFValue<AmfType>*>(m_Dense.at(index).get()) :
 			nullptr;
 	}
 
 	// Get from the dense but dont cast it
 	[[nodiscard]] AMFBaseValue* Get(const size_t index) const {
-		return index < m_Dense.size() ? m_Dense.at(index) : nullptr;
+		return index < m_Dense.size() ? m_Dense.at(index).get() : nullptr;
 	}
 
 private:

dCommon/GeneralUtils.h

@@ -126,6 +126,29 @@ namespace GeneralUtils {
 
 	std::vector<std::string> GetSqlFileNamesFromFolder(const std::string& folder);
 
+	/**
+	 * Transparent string hasher - used to allow string_view key lookups for maps storing std::string keys
+	 * https://www.reddit.com/r/cpp_questions/comments/12xw3sn/find_stdstring_view_in_unordered_map_with/jhki225/
+	 * https://godbolt.org/z/789xv8Eeq
+	*/
+	template <typename... Bases>
+	struct overload : Bases... {
+		using is_transparent = void;
+		using Bases::operator() ... ;
+	};
+
+	struct char_pointer_hash {
+		auto operator()(const char* const ptr) const noexcept {
+			return std::hash<std::string_view>{}(ptr);
+		}
+	};
+
+	using transparent_string_hash = overload<
+		std::hash<std::string>,
+		std::hash<std::string_view>,
+		char_pointer_hash
+	>;
+
 	// Concept constraining to enum types
 	template <typename T>
 	concept Enum = std::is_enum_v<T>;

dGame/dComponents/ModelComponent.h

@@ -63,8 +63,8 @@ class ModelComponent final : public Component {
 	template<typename Msg>
 	void HandleControlBehaviorsMsg(const AMFArrayValue& args) {
 		static_assert(std::is_base_of_v<BehaviorMessageBase, Msg>, "Msg must be a BehaviorMessageBase");
-		Msg msg(args);
-		for (auto& behavior : m_Behaviors) {
+		Msg msg{ args };
+		for (auto&& behavior : m_Behaviors) {
 			if (behavior.GetBehaviorId() == msg.GetBehaviorId()) { 
 				behavior.HandleMsg(msg);
 				return;