[node] util module fixes

[Semigradsky]

node 16.x

• Add debug alias.
• Add getSystemErrorName.
• Add stripVTControlCharacters.

node 14.x

• Add debug alias. Fix debuglog types.
• Add getSystemErrorName.

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[typescript-bot]

@Semigradsky Thank you for submitting this PR!

This is a live comment which I will keep updated.

1 package in this PR

• node — on npm, on unpkg

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---

Diagnostic Information: What the bot saw about this PR

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[typescript-bot]

🔔 @microsoft @DefinitelyTyped @jkomyno @alvis @r3nya @btoueg @smac89 @Touffy @DeividasBakanas @eyqs @Hannes-Magnusson-CK @hoo29 @kjin @ajafff @islishude @mwiktorczyk @mohsen1 @n-e @galkin @parambirs @eps1lon @SimonSchick @ThomasdenH @WilcoBakker @wwwy3y3 @samuela @kuehlein @bhongy @chyzwar @trivikr @nguymin4 @yoursunny @qwelias @ExE-Boss @Ryan-Willpower @peterblazejewicz @addaleax @victorperin @ZYSzys @nodejs @LinusU @wafuwafu13 — please review this PR in the next few days. Be sure to explicitly select Approve or Request Changes in the GitHub UI so I know what's going on.

[SimonSchick]

Please do not bump this version unless you bring up the typings fully up to date.

[Semigradsky]

Should I remove adding stripVTControlCharacters? It was added in Node.js 16.11.

[Semigradsky]

Ok, as I see my changes was moved to #56462 so I close this.