Make time-related fixes work with time dimensions time1, time2, time3

[schlunma]

Description

CMIP6 provides multiple time dimensions, e.g., time, time1, etc. They all have the common standard name time.

Currently, we are using the dimension name (time, time1, ...) to identify coordinates in fixes. This PR introduces a convenience method VariableInfo.has_coord_with_standard_name to identify coordinates through their standard_name.

Closes #1969

Link to documentation: https://esmvaltool--1971.org.readthedocs.build/projects/ESMValCore/en/1971/api/esmvalcore.cmor.html?highlight=has_dimension#esmvalcore.cmor.table.VariableInfo.has_coord_with_standard_name

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[codecov]

Codecov Report

Merging #1971 (a5b23c4) into main (a86c92b) will increase coverage by 0.00%.
The diff coverage is 100.00%.

@@           Coverage Diff           @@
##             main    #1971   +/-   ##
=======================================
  Coverage   92.79%   92.79%           
=======================================
  Files         236      236           
  Lines       12437    12440    +3     
=======================================
+ Hits        11541    11544    +3     
  Misses        896      896           

Impacted Files	Coverage Δ
esmvalcore/cmor/_fixes/cesm/cesm2.py	100.00% <100.00%> (ø)
esmvalcore/cmor/_fixes/emac/emac.py	100.00% <100.00%> (ø)
esmvalcore/cmor/_fixes/icon/icon.py	100.00% <100.00%> (ø)
esmvalcore/cmor/_fixes/native_datasets.py	100.00% <100.00%> (ø)
esmvalcore/cmor/table.py	94.78% <100.00%> (+0.04%)	⬆️

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[bouweandela]

Code changes look good to me 🥳
I did not try it on any real data though.

[valeriupredoi]

looking good, cheers, Manu 🍺