updates for geostationary output part 2

[metdyn]

Description

A follow-up PR for geostationary sampler of part-1 (#2528), coauthored with @tclune and @bena-nasa.

The transformation function is added to convert in between ABI_XY grid (GOES-R series) and geodetic lon/lat grid. The keyword to turn on the geostationary output is GRIDNAME: ABI_Fixed_Grid.
Worth noting that
i) the previous function to read in 2D lat-lon grid is untouched.
ii) an optional variable thin_factor is available to reduce the obs grid resolution for debug runs
iii) added if (has_mask) dstMaskValues = [MAPL_MASK_OUT] from @tclune's comment on PR part-1
iv) avoided the global 2D variables for arr_lon/arr_lat, because a global 1D variable (X and Y) on shared memory is sufficient to generate ABI_XY grid (ndim=5424) due to analytic function for transformation

Input:

grid.GRID_TYPE:     XY
grid.GRIDNAME:      ABI_Fixed_Grid
grid.index_name_x:  x
grid.index_name_y:  y
grid.var_name_x:    x
grid.var_name_y:    y
grid.var_name_proj: goes_imager_projection
grid.att_name_proj: longitude_of_projection_origin
grid.GRID_FILENAME: 'OR_ABI-L1b-RadF-M6C04_G16_s20192340800216_e20192340809524_c20192340809552.nc'

Output is the same as the part-1 PR, posted again:

The previous lat-lon XY grid input for 2D variables in netCDF is changed to

lambert.GRID_TYPE: XY
lambert.GRID_FILENAME: lambert_grid.nc4
lambert.index_name_x:  Xdim
lambert.index_name_y:  Ydim
labmert.LM: 3

How Has This Been Tested?

Tested in MAPL

Types of changes

• Bug fix (non-breaking change which fixes an issue)
• New feature (non-breaking change which adds functionality)
• Breaking change (fix or feature that would cause existing functionality to change)
• Trivial change (affects only documentation or cleanup)

Checklist:

• I have tested this change with a run of GEOSgcm (if non-trivial)
• I have added one of the required labels (0 diff, 0 diff trivial, 0 diff structural, non 0-diff)
• I have updated the CHANGELOG.md accordingly following the style of Keep a Changelog