Refactor exception handling and update comments in code

This commit refactors exception handling across the code by replacing generic exception throwing with specific Exception subclasses. It also includes updates to comments to improve clarity and readability.

README.md

@@ -433,12 +433,12 @@ columns:
       # Format:    https://www.php.net/manual/en/datetime.format.php
       # Parsing:   https://www.php.net/manual/en/function.strtotime.php
       # Timezones: https://www.php.net/manual/en/timezones.php
-      date_min: -100 years              # Example of relative formats
+      date_min: -100 years              # Example of relative past date
       date_greater: -99 days            # Example of relative formats
       date_not: 2006-01-02 15:04:05 -0700 Europe/Rome
       date: 01 Jan 2000                 # You can use any string that can be parsed by the strtotime function
       date_less: now                    # Example of current date and time
-      date_max: +1 day                  # Example of relative formats
+      date_max: +1 day                  # Example of relative future date
       date_format: Y-m-d                # Check strict format of the date.
       is_date: true                     # Accepts arbitrary date format. Is shows error if failed to convert to timestamp.
       is_timezone: true                 # Allow only timezone identifiers. Case-insensitive. Example: "Europe/London", "utc".