send_to_self_1.rst.txt

.. index:: pair: ::/1; Control construct

::/1

Description

::Message

Sends a message to :term:`self`. Can only used in the body of a predicate definition. The argument should match a :ref:`public <directives_public_1>` or :ref:`protected <directives_protected_1>` predicate of self. It may also match a :ref:`private <directives_private_1>` predicate if the predicate is within the scope of the object where the method making the call is defined, if imported from a category, if used from within a category, or when using private inheritance. When the predicate is declared but not defined, the message simply fails (as per the :term:`closed-world assumption`).

The lookups for the message declaration and the corresponding method are performed using a depth-first strategy. A message to self necessarily implies the use of :term:`dynamic binding` but a caching mechanism is used to improve performance in subsequent messages. See the User Manual section on :ref:`performance <performance_performance>` for details.

Modes and number of proofs

::+callable - zero_or_more

Errors

Message is a variable:

instantiation_error

Message is neither a variable nor a callable term:

type_error(callable, Message)

Message, with predicate indicator Name/Arity, is declared private:

permission_error(access, private_predicate, Name/Arity)

Message, with predicate indicator Name/Arity, is not declared:

existence_error(predicate_declaration, Name/Arity)

Examples

area(Area) :-
    ::width(Width),
    ::height(Height),
    Area is Width * Height.

.. seealso::

   :ref:`control_send_to_object_2`,
   :ref:`control_call_super_1`,
   :ref:`control_delegate_message_1`